Design of an integrated gate irrigation system with measurement and control based on Cloud-Edge-End collaboration and fuzzy algorithm

•The “Cloud-Edge-End” architecture enables real-time, precise irrigation management.•The Integrated system features precision control, stable performance, and a user-friendly HMI.•Fuzzy logic control ensures accurate gate regulation and stable flow control. In response to challenges such as outdated...

Celý popis

Uloženo v:
Podrobná bibliografie
Vydáno v:Computers and electronics in agriculture Ročník 239; s. 111035
Hlavní autoři: Wang, Xingchen, Zhang, Ying, Jin, Liyong, Ni, Jun, Zhu, Yan, Cao, Weixing, Jiang, Xiaoping
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Elsevier B.V 01.12.2025
Témata:
ISSN:0168-1699
On-line přístup:Získat plný text
Tagy: Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
Abstract •The “Cloud-Edge-End” architecture enables real-time, precise irrigation management.•The Integrated system features precision control, stable performance, and a user-friendly HMI.•Fuzzy logic control ensures accurate gate regulation and stable flow control. In response to challenges such as outdated agricultural irrigation canal infrastructure and inefficient control and management methods, which result in low water resource utilization, a measurement and control integrated gate irrigation system based on the STM32 embedded microprocessor (STM32) has been developed. The system is based on the “Cloud-Edge-End” collaborative architecture (CEEA), utilizing agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) technologies such as advanced sensors, embedded systems, and wireless communication, and employs fuzzy logic (FL) control. The gate body is designed as a reliable, stable, and adjustable sliding plate structure. The opening and closing mechanism utilize a stepper motor to directly drive the threaded vice, generating a lifting movement of the gate plate. The control system includes key modules such as the main control unit, photovoltaic power supply, data acquisition, wireless communication, motor drive, and other essential components. The cloud platform facilitates remote monitoring and human–machine interaction via both web and mobile terminals, enabling convenient operation and data visualization. The regulation and control of the gate system is based on in-situ edge calculation by the master controller, which integrates the target flow rate with the real-time monitored flow rate. The FL control ensures accurate and stable regulation of the gate opening and flow rate. The performance test and experimental verification (during the rice jointing period) show that the integrated measurement and control gate system offers high regulation and control accuracy. Among them, the relative errors of local control and remote control are about 1 %, and the effect of local control is better than that of remote control. The correlations between the flow rate and the gate opening, as well as between the flow rate and the water level behind the gate are both relatively high. R2 of the latter is as high as 0.99. Additionally, the relative error of the automatic flow control remains within ± 5 %, indicating that the system exhibits high precision in flow regulation and control. The system is particularly suitable for small and medium sized agricultural irrigation and drainage projects, providing new equipment support for the advancement of modern agricultural water conservation technology.
AbstractList •The “Cloud-Edge-End” architecture enables real-time, precise irrigation management.•The Integrated system features precision control, stable performance, and a user-friendly HMI.•Fuzzy logic control ensures accurate gate regulation and stable flow control. In response to challenges such as outdated agricultural irrigation canal infrastructure and inefficient control and management methods, which result in low water resource utilization, a measurement and control integrated gate irrigation system based on the STM32 embedded microprocessor (STM32) has been developed. The system is based on the “Cloud-Edge-End” collaborative architecture (CEEA), utilizing agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) technologies such as advanced sensors, embedded systems, and wireless communication, and employs fuzzy logic (FL) control. The gate body is designed as a reliable, stable, and adjustable sliding plate structure. The opening and closing mechanism utilize a stepper motor to directly drive the threaded vice, generating a lifting movement of the gate plate. The control system includes key modules such as the main control unit, photovoltaic power supply, data acquisition, wireless communication, motor drive, and other essential components. The cloud platform facilitates remote monitoring and human–machine interaction via both web and mobile terminals, enabling convenient operation and data visualization. The regulation and control of the gate system is based on in-situ edge calculation by the master controller, which integrates the target flow rate with the real-time monitored flow rate. The FL control ensures accurate and stable regulation of the gate opening and flow rate. The performance test and experimental verification (during the rice jointing period) show that the integrated measurement and control gate system offers high regulation and control accuracy. Among them, the relative errors of local control and remote control are about 1 %, and the effect of local control is better than that of remote control. The correlations between the flow rate and the gate opening, as well as between the flow rate and the water level behind the gate are both relatively high. R2 of the latter is as high as 0.99. Additionally, the relative error of the automatic flow control remains within ± 5 %, indicating that the system exhibits high precision in flow regulation and control. The system is particularly suitable for small and medium sized agricultural irrigation and drainage projects, providing new equipment support for the advancement of modern agricultural water conservation technology.
ArticleNumber 111035
Author Jin, Liyong
Zhang, Ying
Ni, Jun
Jiang, Xiaoping
Cao, Weixing
Wang, Xingchen
Zhu, Yan
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Xingchen
  surname: Wang
  fullname: Wang, Xingchen
  organization: College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Ying
  surname: Zhang
  fullname: Zhang, Ying
  organization: College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Liyong
  surname: Jin
  fullname: Jin, Liyong
  organization: Jiangsu Rainfolks Irrigation System Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210011, China
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Jun
  surname: Ni
  fullname: Ni, Jun
  organization: College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Yan
  surname: Zhu
  fullname: Zhu, Yan
  organization: College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Weixing
  surname: Cao
  fullname: Cao, Weixing
  organization: College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Xiaoping
  surname: Jiang
  fullname: Jiang, Xiaoping
  email: xpjiang@njau.edu.cn
  organization: College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
BookMark eNp9kMtOwzAQRb0oEm3hD1j4BxLiOG6cDRIq5SFVYgNry49JcJXYlZ2C2j3_jUtYs5mH7pyr0V2gmfMOELohRU4Ksrrd5doPe9nlZVGynBBSUDZD8yTxjKya5hItYtwVaW94PUffDxBt57BvsXTYuhG6IEcwuEsV2xBsGqx3OB7jCAP-suMHHkDGQ4AB3Jgog7V3Y_A9VjImMh2ve38w2cZ0kG1-9b6XyofJ6Uy0h9PpiGXf-ZAMhyt00co-wvVfX6L3x83b-jnbvj69rO-3maYFHTMKyijGJK-0BKkqSjSjtQRoy4ayupamXqmyJhVvueIllIpIxhpmVGl4rThdomry1cHHGKAV-2AHGY6CFOIcn9iJKT5xjk9M8SXsbsIg_fZpIYioLTgNxgbQozDe_m_wA9-xggI
Cites_doi 10.1016/j.proeng.2014.02.109
10.1016/j.compag.2023.108407
10.1016/j.compag.2024.108938
10.1016/j.mechatronics.2017.02.003
10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.140329
10.1016/j.agwat.2009.08.016
10.1016/j.egyr.2021.01.084
10.1016/j.procs.2019.11.022
10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109110
10.1016/j.compag.2021.106541
10.1016/j.compag.2017.01.025
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176809
10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102766
10.1016/j.ohx.2023.e00414
10.1016/j.comcom.2020.06.006
10.1016/j.procs.2022.10.067
10.1016/j.compeleceng.2022.107855
10.1016/j.compag.2009.08.013
10.1016/j.ins.2024.121170
10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107598
10.1016/j.robot.2024.104662
10.3390/s24248028
10.1016/j.microrel.2014.12.012
10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109006
10.1016/j.iotcps.2022.12.002
10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2021.07.010
10.1016/j.rineng.2024.102829
10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109118
10.1016/j.compag.2024.109557
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132352
10.1016/j.compag.2019.104862
10.1016/j.compag.2024.108640
10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127001
10.1016/j.measurement.2016.05.055
10.1016/j.mechatronics.2016.02.002
10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109243
10.32604/sdhm.2022.024899
10.1016/j.compag.2023.108409
10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00613
10.1016/j.compag.2021.106635
10.1016/j.compag.2018.09.040
10.1016/j.measurement.2020.108292
10.1016/j.dwt.2024.100829
10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109233
10.1016/j.ins.2020.06.015
10.1016/j.compag.2022.106940
10.1016/j.ymssp.2023.110568
10.1016/j.compag.2024.109666
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2025 Elsevier B.V.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2025 Elsevier B.V.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
DOI 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035
DatabaseName CrossRef
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
DatabaseTitleList
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Agriculture
ExternalDocumentID 10_1016_j_compag_2025_111035
S016816992501141X
GroupedDBID --K
--M
.DC
.~1
0R~
1B1
1RT
1~.
1~5
29F
4.4
457
4G.
5GY
5VS
6J9
7-5
71M
8P~
9DU
9JM
9JN
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAHBH
AAIKJ
AAKOC
AALCJ
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AAQXK
AATLK
AATTM
AAXKI
AAXUO
AAYFN
AAYWO
ABBOA
ABBQC
ABFNM
ABFRF
ABGRD
ABJNI
ABKYH
ABMAC
ABMZM
ABRWV
ABWVN
ABXDB
ACDAQ
ACGFO
ACGFS
ACIEU
ACIUM
ACIWK
ACLOT
ACMHX
ACNNM
ACRLP
ACRPL
ACVFH
ACZNC
ADBBV
ADCNI
ADEZE
ADJOM
ADMUD
ADNMO
ADQTV
ADSLC
AEBSH
AEFWE
AEIPS
AEKER
AENEX
AEQOU
AEUPX
AEXOQ
AFJKZ
AFPUW
AFTJW
AFXIZ
AGHFR
AGQPQ
AGUBO
AGWPP
AGYEJ
AHHHB
AHZHX
AIALX
AIEXJ
AIGII
AIIUN
AIKHN
AITUG
AJRQY
AKBMS
AKRWK
AKYEP
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMRAJ
ANKPU
ANZVX
AOUOD
APXCP
ASPBG
AVWKF
AXJTR
AZFZN
BKOJK
BLXMC
BNPGV
CS3
DU5
EBS
EFJIC
EFKBS
EFLBG
EJD
EO8
EO9
EP2
EP3
FDB
FEDTE
FGOYB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
G-2
G-Q
GBLVA
GBOLZ
HLV
HLZ
HVGLF
HZ~
IHE
J1W
KOM
LG9
LW9
M41
MO0
N9A
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
OZT
P-8
P-9
P2P
PC.
PQQKQ
Q38
R2-
ROL
RPZ
SAB
SBC
SDF
SDG
SES
SEW
SNL
SPC
SPCBC
SSA
SSH
SSV
SSZ
T5K
UHS
UNMZH
WUQ
Y6R
~G-
~HD
~KM
AAYXX
CITATION
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c303t-3ebdb55a84caeab431c537aeef293577ad76b27148f8b82e2b1a5595db2d87b83
ISICitedReferencesCount 0
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001592456300004&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 0168-1699
IngestDate Sat Nov 29 06:55:06 EST 2025
Wed Dec 10 14:22:33 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess false
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Keywords “Cloud-Edge-End” collaborative architecture
Fuzzy control
STM32 microprocessor
Intelligent irrigation
Measurement and control integrated gate
Language English
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c303t-3ebdb55a84caeab431c537aeef293577ad76b27148f8b82e2b1a5595db2d87b83
OpenAccessLink https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035
ParticipantIDs crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compag_2025_111035
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_compag_2025_111035
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate December 2025
2025-12-00
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2025-12-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 12
  year: 2025
  text: December 2025
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationTitle Computers and electronics in agriculture
PublicationYear 2025
Publisher Elsevier B.V
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier B.V
References Derammelaere, Vervisch, De Viaene, Stockman (b0030) 2017; 43
Lacasta, Morales-Hernández, Brufau, García-Navarro (b0120) 2014; 70
Benzaouia, Hajji, Mellit, Rabhi (b0015) 2023; 215
Li, Mei, Zhao, Huang, Zhang, Zhang (b0125) 2021; 7
Kabi, Wa Maina, Mharakurwa, Mathenge (b0095) 2023; 14
Veerachamy, Ramar, Balaji, Sharmila (b0215) 2022; 100
Kim, Shin, Lee, Chung (b0110) 2016; 35
Gao, Camtepe, Sultan, Bui, Mahboubi, Aboutorab, Bewong, Islam, Islam, Chauhan, Gauravaram, Singh (b0045) 2024; 227
Guyard, Prost-Boucle, Sudre, Moreau, Imig, Favreau, Quatela, Clement (b0055) 2025; 21
Jain (b0075) 2023; 4
Morchid, Jebabra, Khalid, El Alami, Qjidaa, Ouazzani Jamil (b0165) 2024; 23
Adnan, Mostafa, Islam, Kisi, Kuriqi, Heddam (b0005) 2021; 191
Zhu, Zhao, Ma, Zhang, Kang, Hu (b0255) 2022; 267
Gai, Guo, Raj, Tang (b0040) 2025; 229
Wang, He, Wang, Zhou, Ouyang, Mirjalili (b0220) 2024; 680
Nikkilä, Seilonen, Koskinen (b0170) 2010; 70
Jiménez, Cárdenas, Jiménez (b0085) 2022; 192
Li, Zhang, Liu, Zhang, Li, Khan, Li, Cui (b0130) 2024; 434
Goap, Sharma, Shukla, Rama Krishna (b0050) 2018; 155
Urrea, Morales, Muñoz (b0210) 2016; 91
Jiang, Yuan, Wang, Jin (b0080) 2015; 55
Felipe, Leal, Costa, Garcia, Rocha (b0035) 2025; 102
Ilic, Jovic, Spalevic, Vujicic (b0070) 2017; 135
Yu, Dai, Wei, Wang, Liao, Cui (b0235) 2024; 302
Mateos Matilla, Lozano Murciego, Jiménez-Bravo, Sales Mendes, Leithardt (b0160) 2022; 223
Lozano, Arranja, Rijo, Mateos (b0150) 2010; 97
Ou, Ding, Feng, Chen, Yu, Liu, Srinivasan, Zhang (b0180) 2025; 647
Xing, Chen, Wang (b0230) 2025; 307
Kannazarova, Juliev, Abuduwaili, Muratov, Bekchanov (b0100) 2024; 305
Wang, Kumar, Huang, Liu (b0225) 2024; 320
Conde, Guzmán, Athelly (b0025) 2024; 217
Mateo Sanguino, Lozano Domínguez (b0155) 2024; 175
Shahverdi, Alamiyan-Harandi, Maestre (b0200) 2022; 197
Tan, Gebremariam, Rahman, Salman, Xu (b0205) 2022; 208
Yu, Wang, Yue, Liu, Mao, Gu (b0240) 2023; 17
Liu, Cui, Adamowski, Wu, Wu, Zhang, Cao (b0140) 2024; 954
Hashemi, Darzi-Naftchali, Karandish, Ritzema, Solaimani (b0060) 2024; 305
Ortiz, de Almeida, Ferreira, Costa (b0175) 2020; 160
Hashemy Shahdany, Taghvaeian, Maestre, Firoozfar (b0065) 2019; 163
Ramli, Jabbar (b0190) 2022; 2
Kluska (b0115) 2020; 540
Jin, Han (b0090) 2024; 221
Chen, Noguchi (b0020) 2023; 215
Li, Zhu, Li (b0135) 2024; 24
Pramanik, Khanna, Singh, Singh, Sudhishri, Bhatia, Ranjan (b0185) 2022; 2
Khosronejad, Herb, Sotiropoulos, Kang, Yang (b0105) 2021; 167
Zhang, Wernicke, Wulff, Bleicher, Schauer (b0245) 2023; 200
Liu, Umer, Zhao, Li, Qu (b0145) 2025; 307
Sachdev, Macwan, Patel, Doshi (b0195) 2019; 160
Benyezza, Bouhedda, Rebouh (b0010) 2021; 302
Li (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0130) 2024; 434
Kim (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0110) 2016; 35
Li (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0125) 2021; 7
Zhu (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0255) 2022; 267
Kabi (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0095) 2023; 14
Chen (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0020) 2023; 215
Kluska (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0115) 2020; 540
Pramanik (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0185) 2022; 2
Yu (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0235) 2024; 302
Benyezza (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0010) 2021; 302
Lozano (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0150) 2010; 97
Morchid (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0165) 2024; 23
Mateos Matilla (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0160) 2022; 223
Ou (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0180) 2025; 647
Ramli (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0190) 2022; 2
Jain (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0075) 2023; 4
Jin (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0090) 2024; 221
Veerachamy (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0215) 2022; 100
Nikkilä (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0170) 2010; 70
Wang (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0220) 2024; 680
Adnan (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0005) 2021; 191
Felipe (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0035) 2025; 102
Lacasta (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0120) 2014; 70
Sachdev (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0195) 2019; 160
Wang (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0225) 2024; 320
Conde (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0025) 2024; 217
Ilic (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0070) 2017; 135
Jiang (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0080) 2015; 55
Jiménez (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0085) 2022; 192
Yu (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0240) 2023; 17
Ortiz (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0175) 2020; 160
Hashemi (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0060) 2024; 305
Guyard (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0055) 2025; 21
Benzaouia (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0015) 2023; 215
Derammelaere (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0030) 2017; 43
Li (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0135) 2024; 24
Mateo Sanguino (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0155) 2024; 175
Urrea (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0210) 2016; 91
Kannazarova (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0100) 2024; 305
Hashemy Shahdany (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0065) 2019; 163
Zhang (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0245) 2023; 200
Gao (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0045) 2024; 227
Xing (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0230) 2025; 307
Shahverdi (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0200) 2022; 197
Khosronejad (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0105) 2021; 167
Goap (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0050) 2018; 155
Liu (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0140) 2024; 954
Gai (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0040) 2025; 229
Liu (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0145) 2025; 307
Tan (10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0205) 2022; 208
References_xml – volume: 167
  year: 2021
  ident: b0105
  article-title: Assessment of Parshall flumes for discharge measurement of open-channel flows: a comparative numerical and field case study
  publication-title: Measurement
– volume: 307
  year: 2025
  ident: b0145
  article-title: Does water rights trading cause economic losses from agricultural water scarcity? evidence from 264 chinese cities
  publication-title: Agric Water Manag
– volume: 163
  year: 2019
  ident: b0065
  article-title: Developing a centralized automatic control system to increase flexibility of water delivery within predictable and unpredictable irrigation water demands
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
– volume: 35
  start-page: 162
  year: 2016
  end-page: 172
  ident: b0110
  article-title: Simplified torque modulated microstepping for position control of permanent magnet stepper motors
  publication-title: Mechatronics
– volume: 70
  start-page: 978
  year: 2014
  end-page: 987
  ident: b0120
  article-title: Simulation of PID Control Applied to Irrigation Channels
  publication-title: Procedia Eng.
– volume: 954
  year: 2024
  ident: b0140
  article-title: Assessing the impact of various irrigation technologies on agricultural production: a water-energy‑carbon nexus perspective
  publication-title: Sci. Total Environ.
– volume: 192
  year: 2022
  ident: b0085
  article-title: Intelligent IoT-multiagent precision irrigation approach for improving water use efficiency in irrigation systems at farm and district scales
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
– volume: 160
  start-page: 712
  year: 2019
  end-page: 717
  ident: b0195
  article-title: Voice-controlled autonomous vehicle using IoT
  publication-title: Procedia Comput. Sci.
– volume: 191
  year: 2021
  ident: b0005
  article-title: Estimating reference evapotranspiration using hybrid adaptive fuzzy inferencing coupled with heuristic algorithms
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
– volume: 17
  start-page: 315
  year: 2023
  end-page: 336
  ident: b0240
  article-title: Wireless Self-powered vibration sensor system for intelligent spindle monitoring
  publication-title: SDHM
– volume: 4
  year: 2023
  ident: b0075
  article-title: Experimental performance of smart IoT-enabled drip irrigation system using and controlled through web-based applications
  publication-title: Smart Agric. Technol.
– volume: 223
  start-page: 14
  year: 2022
  end-page: 29
  ident: b0160
  article-title: Low-cost Edge Computing devices and novel user interfaces for monitoring pivot irrigation systems based on internet of things and LoRaWAN technologies
  publication-title: Biosyst. Eng.
– volume: 215
  year: 2023
  ident: b0020
  article-title: Remote safety system for a robot tractor using a monocular camera and a YOLO-based method
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
– volume: 229
  year: 2025
  ident: b0040
  article-title: Robust crop row detection using discrete Fourier transform (DFT) for vision-based in-field navigation
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
– volume: 43
  start-page: 6
  year: 2017
  end-page: 17
  ident: b0030
  article-title: Sensorless load angle control for two-phase hybrid stepper motors
  publication-title: Mechatronics
– volume: 217
  year: 2024
  ident: b0025
  article-title: Adaptive and predictive decision support system for irrigation scheduling: an approach integrating humans in the control loop
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
– volume: 100
  year: 2022
  ident: b0215
  article-title: Autonomous application controls on smart irrigation
  publication-title: Comput. Electr. Eng.
– volume: 14
  year: 2023
  ident: b0095
  article-title: Low cost, LoRa based river water level data acquisition system
  publication-title: HardwareX
– volume: 155
  start-page: 41
  year: 2018
  end-page: 49
  ident: b0050
  article-title: An IoT based smart irrigation management system using machine learning and open source technologies
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
– volume: 302
  year: 2021
  ident: b0010
  article-title: Zoning irrigation smart system based on fuzzy control technology and IoT for water and energy saving
  publication-title: J. Clean. Prod.
– volume: 135
  start-page: 1
  year: 2017
  end-page: 3
  ident: b0070
  article-title: Water cycle estimation by neuro-fuzzy approach
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
– volume: 102
  year: 2025
  ident: b0035
  article-title: A reliability-based framework for comparing ultrasonic flowmeter calibration methods
  publication-title: Flow Meas. Instrum.
– volume: 2
  start-page: 212
  year: 2022
  end-page: 225
  ident: b0190
  article-title: Design and implementation of solar-powered with IoT-Enabled portable irrigation system
  publication-title: Internet Things Cyber-Phys. Syst.
– volume: 208
  start-page: 486
  year: 2022
  end-page: 493
  ident: b0205
  article-title: Design and implementation of soil moisture monitoring and irrigation system based on ARM and IoT
  publication-title: Procedia Comput. Sci.
– volume: 307
  year: 2025
  ident: b0230
  article-title: Enhancing water use efficiency and fruit quality in jujube cultivation: a review of advanced irrigation techniques and precision management strategies
  publication-title: Agric Water Manag
– volume: 540
  start-page: 202
  year: 2020
  end-page: 220
  ident: b0115
  article-title: Adaptive fuzzy control of state-feedback time-delay systems with uncertain parameters
  publication-title: Inf. Sci.
– volume: 70
  start-page: 328
  year: 2010
  end-page: 336
  ident: b0170
  article-title: Software architecture for farm management information systems in precision agriculture
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
– volume: 267
  year: 2022
  ident: b0255
  article-title: Drip irrigation strategy for tomatoes grown in greenhouse on the basis of fuzzy Borda and K-means analysis method
  publication-title: Agric Water Manag
– volume: 2
  year: 2022
  ident: b0185
  article-title: Automation of soil moisture sensor-based basin irrigation system
  publication-title: Smart Agric. Technol.
– volume: 23
  year: 2024
  ident: b0165
  article-title: IoT-based smart irrigation management system to enhance agricultural water security using embedded systems, telemetry data, and cloud computing
  publication-title: Results Eng.
– volume: 647
  year: 2025
  ident: b0180
  article-title: How to stop groundwater drawdown in North China Plain? Combining agricultural management strategies and climate change
  publication-title: J. Hydrol.
– volume: 197
  year: 2022
  ident: b0200
  article-title: Double Q-PI architecture for smart model-free control of canals
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
– volume: 97
  start-page: 91
  year: 2010
  end-page: 100
  ident: b0150
  article-title: Simulation of automatic control of an irrigation canal
  publication-title: Agric Water Manag
– volume: 305
  year: 2024
  ident: b0100
  article-title: Drainage in irrigated agriculture: Bibliometric analysis for the period of 2017–2021
  publication-title: Agric Water Manag
– volume: 221
  year: 2024
  ident: b0090
  article-title: Robotic arms in precision agriculture: a comprehensive review of the technologies, applications, challenges, and future prospects
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
– volume: 680
  year: 2024
  ident: b0220
  article-title: A novel discrete differential evolution algorithm combining transfer function with modulo operation for solving the multiple knapsack problem
  publication-title: Inf. Sci.
– volume: 320
  year: 2024
  ident: b0225
  article-title: Water resource management and policy evaluation in Middle Eastern countries: Achieving sustainable development goal 6
  publication-title: Desalin. Water Treat.
– volume: 227
  year: 2024
  ident: b0045
  article-title: Security threats to agricultural artificial intelligence: Position and perspective
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
– volume: 21
  year: 2025
  ident: b0055
  article-title: An open source ultrasonic flowmeter for monitoring the input/output flow rates of wastewater treatment plants
  publication-title: HardwareX
– volume: 302
  year: 2024
  ident: b0235
  article-title: Rice yield and water productivity in response to water-saving irrigation practices in China: a meta-analysis
  publication-title: Agric Water Manag
– volume: 175
  year: 2024
  ident: b0155
  article-title: Design and stabilization of a Coandă effect-based UAV: Comparative study between fuzzy logic and PID control approaches
  publication-title: Rob. Auton. Syst.
– volume: 91
  start-page: 266
  year: 2016
  end-page: 275
  ident: b0210
  article-title: Design and implementation of an error detection and correction method compatible with MODBUS-RTU by means of systematic codes
  publication-title: Measurement
– volume: 7
  start-page: 798
  year: 2021
  end-page: 807
  ident: b0125
  article-title: Energy conscious management for smart metro traction power supply system with 4G communication loop
  publication-title: Energy Rep.
– volume: 24
  year: 2024
  ident: b0135
  article-title: Cloud-Edge-End Collaborative Federated Learning: Enhancing Model Accuracy and Privacy in Non-IID Environments
  publication-title: Sensors
– volume: 200
  year: 2023
  ident: b0245
  article-title: Design and validation of a dual-functional damper based on a stepper motor for energy harvesting and vibration control
  publication-title: Mech. Syst. Sig. Process.
– volume: 160
  start-page: 299
  year: 2020
  end-page: 310
  ident: b0175
  article-title: Experimental vs. simulation analysis of LoRa for vehicular communications
  publication-title: Comput. Commun.
– volume: 434
  year: 2024
  ident: b0130
  article-title: Optimization of agricultural planting structure in irrigation areas of Heilongjiang province considering the constraints of water resource system resilience
  publication-title: J. Clean. Prod.
– volume: 215
  year: 2023
  ident: b0015
  article-title: Fuzzy-IoT smart irrigation system for precision scheduling and monitoring
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
– volume: 305
  year: 2024
  ident: b0060
  article-title: Enhancing agricultural sustainability with water and crop management strategies in modern irrigation and drainage networks
  publication-title: Agric Water Manag
– volume: 55
  start-page: 637
  year: 2015
  end-page: 644
  ident: b0080
  article-title: Design and analyze of transient-induced latch-up in RS485 transceiver with on-chip TVS
  publication-title: Microelectron. Reliab.
– volume: 70
  start-page: 978
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0120
  article-title: Simulation of PID Control Applied to Irrigation Channels
  publication-title: Procedia Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2014.02.109
– volume: 215
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0015
  article-title: Fuzzy-IoT smart irrigation system for precision scheduling and monitoring
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2023.108407
– volume: 221
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0090
  article-title: Robotic arms in precision agriculture: a comprehensive review of the technologies, applications, challenges, and future prospects
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2024.108938
– volume: 43
  start-page: 6
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0030
  article-title: Sensorless load angle control for two-phase hybrid stepper motors
  publication-title: Mechatronics
  doi: 10.1016/j.mechatronics.2017.02.003
– volume: 434
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0130
  article-title: Optimization of agricultural planting structure in irrigation areas of Heilongjiang province considering the constraints of water resource system resilience
  publication-title: J. Clean. Prod.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.140329
– volume: 97
  start-page: 91
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0150
  article-title: Simulation of automatic control of an irrigation canal
  publication-title: Agric Water Manag
  doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2009.08.016
– volume: 7
  start-page: 798
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0125
  article-title: Energy conscious management for smart metro traction power supply system with 4G communication loop
  publication-title: Energy Rep.
  doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2021.01.084
– volume: 160
  start-page: 712
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0195
  article-title: Voice-controlled autonomous vehicle using IoT
  publication-title: Procedia Comput. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2019.11.022
– volume: 305
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0060
  article-title: Enhancing agricultural sustainability with water and crop management strategies in modern irrigation and drainage networks
  publication-title: Agric Water Manag
  doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109110
– volume: 191
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0005
  article-title: Estimating reference evapotranspiration using hybrid adaptive fuzzy inferencing coupled with heuristic algorithms
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2021.106541
– volume: 4
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0075
  article-title: Experimental performance of smart IoT-enabled drip irrigation system using and controlled through web-based applications
  publication-title: Smart Agric. Technol.
– volume: 135
  start-page: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0070
  article-title: Water cycle estimation by neuro-fuzzy approach
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2017.01.025
– volume: 954
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0140
  article-title: Assessing the impact of various irrigation technologies on agricultural production: a water-energy‑carbon nexus perspective
  publication-title: Sci. Total Environ.
  doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176809
– volume: 102
  year: 2025
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0035
  article-title: A reliability-based framework for comparing ultrasonic flowmeter calibration methods
  publication-title: Flow Meas. Instrum.
  doi: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102766
– volume: 14
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0095
  article-title: Low cost, LoRa based river water level data acquisition system
  publication-title: HardwareX
  doi: 10.1016/j.ohx.2023.e00414
– volume: 160
  start-page: 299
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0175
  article-title: Experimental vs. simulation analysis of LoRa for vehicular communications
  publication-title: Comput. Commun.
  doi: 10.1016/j.comcom.2020.06.006
– volume: 208
  start-page: 486
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0205
  article-title: Design and implementation of soil moisture monitoring and irrigation system based on ARM and IoT
  publication-title: Procedia Comput. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2022.10.067
– volume: 100
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0215
  article-title: Autonomous application controls on smart irrigation
  publication-title: Comput. Electr. Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compeleceng.2022.107855
– volume: 70
  start-page: 328
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0170
  article-title: Software architecture for farm management information systems in precision agriculture
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2009.08.013
– volume: 680
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0220
  article-title: A novel discrete differential evolution algorithm combining transfer function with modulo operation for solving the multiple knapsack problem
  publication-title: Inf. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ins.2024.121170
– volume: 267
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0255
  article-title: Drip irrigation strategy for tomatoes grown in greenhouse on the basis of fuzzy Borda and K-means analysis method
  publication-title: Agric Water Manag
  doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107598
– volume: 175
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0155
  article-title: Design and stabilization of a Coandă effect-based UAV: Comparative study between fuzzy logic and PID control approaches
  publication-title: Rob. Auton. Syst.
  doi: 10.1016/j.robot.2024.104662
– volume: 24
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0135
  article-title: Cloud-Edge-End Collaborative Federated Learning: Enhancing Model Accuracy and Privacy in Non-IID Environments
  publication-title: Sensors
  doi: 10.3390/s24248028
– volume: 55
  start-page: 637
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0080
  article-title: Design and analyze of transient-induced latch-up in RS485 transceiver with on-chip TVS
  publication-title: Microelectron. Reliab.
  doi: 10.1016/j.microrel.2014.12.012
– volume: 302
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0235
  article-title: Rice yield and water productivity in response to water-saving irrigation practices in China: a meta-analysis
  publication-title: Agric Water Manag
  doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109006
– volume: 2
  start-page: 212
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0190
  article-title: Design and implementation of solar-powered with IoT-Enabled portable irrigation system
  publication-title: Internet Things Cyber-Phys. Syst.
  doi: 10.1016/j.iotcps.2022.12.002
– volume: 223
  start-page: 14
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0160
  article-title: Low-cost Edge Computing devices and novel user interfaces for monitoring pivot irrigation systems based on internet of things and LoRaWAN technologies
  publication-title: Biosyst. Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2021.07.010
– volume: 23
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0165
  article-title: IoT-based smart irrigation management system to enhance agricultural water security using embedded systems, telemetry data, and cloud computing
  publication-title: Results Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.rineng.2024.102829
– volume: 305
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0100
  article-title: Drainage in irrigated agriculture: Bibliometric analysis for the period of 2017–2021
  publication-title: Agric Water Manag
  doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109118
– volume: 227
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0045
  article-title: Security threats to agricultural artificial intelligence: Position and perspective
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2024.109557
– volume: 647
  year: 2025
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0180
  article-title: How to stop groundwater drawdown in North China Plain? Combining agricultural management strategies and climate change
  publication-title: J. Hydrol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132352
– volume: 163
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0065
  article-title: Developing a centralized automatic control system to increase flexibility of water delivery within predictable and unpredictable irrigation water demands
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2019.104862
– volume: 217
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0025
  article-title: Adaptive and predictive decision support system for irrigation scheduling: an approach integrating humans in the control loop
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2024.108640
– volume: 2
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0185
  article-title: Automation of soil moisture sensor-based basin irrigation system
  publication-title: Smart Agric. Technol.
– volume: 302
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0010
  article-title: Zoning irrigation smart system based on fuzzy control technology and IoT for water and energy saving
  publication-title: J. Clean. Prod.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127001
– volume: 91
  start-page: 266
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0210
  article-title: Design and implementation of an error detection and correction method compatible with MODBUS-RTU by means of systematic codes
  publication-title: Measurement
  doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2016.05.055
– volume: 35
  start-page: 162
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0110
  article-title: Simplified torque modulated microstepping for position control of permanent magnet stepper motors
  publication-title: Mechatronics
  doi: 10.1016/j.mechatronics.2016.02.002
– volume: 307
  year: 2025
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0230
  article-title: Enhancing water use efficiency and fruit quality in jujube cultivation: a review of advanced irrigation techniques and precision management strategies
  publication-title: Agric Water Manag
  doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109243
– volume: 17
  start-page: 315
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0240
  article-title: Wireless Self-powered vibration sensor system for intelligent spindle monitoring
  publication-title: SDHM
  doi: 10.32604/sdhm.2022.024899
– volume: 215
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0020
  article-title: Remote safety system for a robot tractor using a monocular camera and a YOLO-based method
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2023.108409
– volume: 21
  year: 2025
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0055
  article-title: An open source ultrasonic flowmeter for monitoring the input/output flow rates of wastewater treatment plants
  publication-title: HardwareX
  doi: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00613
– volume: 192
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0085
  article-title: Intelligent IoT-multiagent precision irrigation approach for improving water use efficiency in irrigation systems at farm and district scales
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2021.106635
– volume: 155
  start-page: 41
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0050
  article-title: An IoT based smart irrigation management system using machine learning and open source technologies
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2018.09.040
– volume: 167
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0105
  article-title: Assessment of Parshall flumes for discharge measurement of open-channel flows: a comparative numerical and field case study
  publication-title: Measurement
  doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2020.108292
– volume: 320
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0225
  article-title: Water resource management and policy evaluation in Middle Eastern countries: Achieving sustainable development goal 6
  publication-title: Desalin. Water Treat.
  doi: 10.1016/j.dwt.2024.100829
– volume: 307
  year: 2025
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0145
  article-title: Does water rights trading cause economic losses from agricultural water scarcity? evidence from 264 chinese cities
  publication-title: Agric Water Manag
  doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109233
– volume: 540
  start-page: 202
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0115
  article-title: Adaptive fuzzy control of state-feedback time-delay systems with uncertain parameters
  publication-title: Inf. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ins.2020.06.015
– volume: 197
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0200
  article-title: Double Q-PI architecture for smart model-free control of canals
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2022.106940
– volume: 200
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0245
  article-title: Design and validation of a dual-functional damper based on a stepper motor for energy harvesting and vibration control
  publication-title: Mech. Syst. Sig. Process.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ymssp.2023.110568
– volume: 229
  year: 2025
  ident: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035_b0040
  article-title: Robust crop row detection using discrete Fourier transform (DFT) for vision-based in-field navigation
  publication-title: Comput. Electron. Agric.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2024.109666
SSID ssj0016987
Score 2.4472969
Snippet •The “Cloud-Edge-End” architecture enables real-time, precise irrigation management.•The Integrated system features precision control, stable performance, and...
SourceID crossref
elsevier
SourceType Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 111035
SubjectTerms Fuzzy control
Intelligent irrigation
Measurement and control integrated gate
STM32 microprocessor
“Cloud-Edge-End” collaborative architecture
Title Design of an integrated gate irrigation system with measurement and control based on Cloud-Edge-End collaboration and fuzzy algorithm
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.111035
Volume 239
WOSCitedRecordID wos001592456300004&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVESC
  databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021
  issn: 0168-1699
  databaseCode: AIEXJ
  dateStart: 19950101
  customDbUrl:
  isFulltext: true
  dateEnd: 99991231
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0016987
  providerName: Elsevier
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3Nb9MwFLdKxwEOiE8xvuQDtyrT8uHYOVajCNBUITFQOEV27FSdumQK7bTtvuv-Zp798rUVIUDiEkVunlP5_dr34fd-JuStVML4MZeeH8fMi8IcflKqMF5gVBImwo-4I57_dsjnc5GmyefR6LrthTlb8bIU5-fJ6X9VNYyBsm3r7F-ou5sUBuAelA5XUDtc_0jx71xNhtvfL3s2CD2x-bLJsq4dpwboHDmcMRF70mcKm0Y3LGC3Nk7b_YSDVbXR3kwvjDdznw_RYyWKzeXlxUSuFlUNE54Mfd724Ahkg-7P3XGVuHJRN-wf_SZRk8JOwaoCpDr0drnt7625tZU_yIFwuLyo-sH5EhtOymFOI2C36kO2m20w9xlDwBvjeUrtn3eAVEhbhgBzEsd7rpJ_sWdfYq3DPnKj3KLY_mKntjODPwjxoZ_eITsBZ4kYk53px1n6qduXihOBDfjNV2mbMV3F4Pa7fu3sDByYo4fkQRN50Cki5hEZmfIxuT_t1_8JuULs0KqgsqQ9dqjFDu2xQxE71GKHDrADUpo22KEOOxQevokdegM7TsJhh3bYeUq-vp8dHXzwmnM6vBwcoLUXGqUVY1JEuTRSgUuas5BLYwrwJRnnUvNYBRwC70IoEZhA-RICWaZVoAVXInxGxmVVmueESsGMllzzfZFEspDSl7EUOZgdk-iQR7vEaxc0O0U6lqytUzzOUAGZVUCGCtglvF31rHEp0VXMACi_lXzxz5Ivyb0e06_IeF1vzGtyNz9bL3_UbxpE_QT_qKSM
linkProvider Elsevier
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Design+of+an+integrated+gate+irrigation+system+with+measurement+and+control+based+on+Cloud-Edge-End+collaboration+and+fuzzy+algorithm&rft.jtitle=Computers+and+electronics+in+agriculture&rft.au=Wang%2C+Xingchen&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Ying&rft.au=Jin%2C+Liyong&rft.au=Ni%2C+Jun&rft.date=2025-12-01&rft.pub=Elsevier+B.V&rft.issn=0168-1699&rft.volume=239&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.compag.2025.111035&rft.externalDocID=S016816992501141X
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0168-1699&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0168-1699&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0168-1699&client=summon