An industrial experience report on applying search-based boundary input generation to cyber-physical systems

Testing Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) is crucial, as they play a central role in modern society. In the complex input space of these systems, boundary test inputs provide a valuable asset for test engineers as they identify slight input modifications that dramatically impact Quality of Service. In th...

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Veröffentlicht in:Empirical software engineering : an international journal Jg. 30; H. 4; S. 112
Hauptverfasser: Valle, Pablo, Riccio, Vincenzo, Arrieta, Aitor, Tonella, Paolo, Arratibel, Maite
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: New York Springer US 01.08.2025
Springer Nature B.V
Schlagworte:
Algorithms
Automation
Case studies
Compilers
Computer Science
Cyber-physical systems
Debugging
Elevators & escalators
Interpreters
Passengers
Programming Languages
Quality of service
Simulation
Software engineering
Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems
Subject specialists
Unmanned aerial vehicles
Cyber-physical systems
Simulation-based testing
Search-based test input generation
ISSN:1382-3256, 1573-7616
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Zusammenfassung:Testing Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) is crucial, as they play a central role in modern society. In the complex input space of these systems, boundary test inputs provide a valuable asset for test engineers as they identify slight input modifications that dramatically impact Quality of Service. In this experience paper, we propose LiftJanus , the first search-based test generator for CPS that integrates test input minimization, boundary value detection, and automated system repair. We performed an empirical study involving two real-world elevator systems provided by our industrial collaborator, Orona . Our results proved that LiftJanus generated boundary inputs twice as effective as the baselines, with the repair algorithm successfully enhancing the system’s configuration in 76.25% of the cases. Interviews with domain experts confirmed that LiftJanus is a comprehensive solution for enhancing the quality of elevator systems.
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ISSN:1382-3256
1573-7616
DOI:10.1007/s10664-025-10670-w