Identifying social vulnerability profiles for coastal flood using supervised and unsupervised machine learning: A case study of Lekki Peninsula, Lagos, Nigeria

Coastal flooding disproportionately impacts households based on pre-existing vulnerability characteristics. Identifying these vulnerabilities is critical for effective flood risk reduction. Despite its significance, there is a paucity of techniques for identifying suitable Social Vulnerability Indic...

Celý popis

Uloženo v:
Podrobná bibliografie
Vydáno v:International journal of disaster risk reduction Ročník 127; s. 105693
Hlavní autoři: Akindejoye, Adesola, Viavattene, Christophe, Priest, Sally, Windridge, David
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2025
Témata:
Expectation maximization algorithm
Permutation feature importance
Support vector regression
Vulnerability indicators
Permutation feature importance
Support vector regression
Expectation maximization algorithm
Vulnerability indicators
ISSN:2212-4209, 2212-4209
On-line přístup:Získat plný text
Tagy: Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
Abstract Coastal flooding disproportionately impacts households based on pre-existing vulnerability characteristics. Identifying these vulnerabilities is critical for effective flood risk reduction. Despite its significance, there is a paucity of techniques for identifying suitable Social Vulnerability Indicators at a local scale. This study investigates an evidence-based indicator approach to rank factors contributing to social vulnerability to coastal flooding using a purposive sample of 1334 flood-affected households in Lekki Peninsula, Nigeria. By integrating the Expectation Maximization Algorithm with Support Vector Regression (EM-SVR), and employing permutation feature importance, we identified distinct social vulnerability clusters and their associated indicator profiles. The findings reveal that a substantial (over 60 %) of the case study had moderate level of vulnerability, with clusters of similar rankings exhibiting variations in indicator profiles. Also, significant differences within the wards were observed across all areas, especially in Ajiran/Osapa and Maroko/Okun Alfa. The EM-SVR models were evaluated using various metrics, which revealed that the EM-SVR achieved a high R-squared accuracy across the seven clusters, ranging from 88.8 % to 95.7 % for the training set and 90.2 %–96.1 % for the testing set. Furthermore, the models demonstrated a low Mean Absolute Error, ranging from 0.051 to 0.075 for training and 0.051 to 0.077 for testing. Financial instability, poor social networks, lack of insurance, and pre-existing health conditions consistently emerged as the most influential indicators across clusters. These findings offer actionable insight for decision-makers by providing a well-structured and targeted approach to identifying vulnerable households and enhancing mitigation strategies. [Display omitted] •We proposed a machine learning framework for assessing social vulnerability indicators.•Permutation features importance was used in the extraction of indicators significant to EM-SVR.•Financial stability and social networks were the most influential predictors of social vulnerability.•Some wards with moderate overall vulnerability still have pockets of extreme social vulnerability.
AbstractList Coastal flooding disproportionately impacts households based on pre-existing vulnerability characteristics. Identifying these vulnerabilities is critical for effective flood risk reduction. Despite its significance, there is a paucity of techniques for identifying suitable Social Vulnerability Indicators at a local scale. This study investigates an evidence-based indicator approach to rank factors contributing to social vulnerability to coastal flooding using a purposive sample of 1334 flood-affected households in Lekki Peninsula, Nigeria. By integrating the Expectation Maximization Algorithm with Support Vector Regression (EM-SVR), and employing permutation feature importance, we identified distinct social vulnerability clusters and their associated indicator profiles. The findings reveal that a substantial (over 60 %) of the case study had moderate level of vulnerability, with clusters of similar rankings exhibiting variations in indicator profiles. Also, significant differences within the wards were observed across all areas, especially in Ajiran/Osapa and Maroko/Okun Alfa. The EM-SVR models were evaluated using various metrics, which revealed that the EM-SVR achieved a high R-squared accuracy across the seven clusters, ranging from 88.8 % to 95.7 % for the training set and 90.2 %–96.1 % for the testing set. Furthermore, the models demonstrated a low Mean Absolute Error, ranging from 0.051 to 0.075 for training and 0.051 to 0.077 for testing. Financial instability, poor social networks, lack of insurance, and pre-existing health conditions consistently emerged as the most influential indicators across clusters. These findings offer actionable insight for decision-makers by providing a well-structured and targeted approach to identifying vulnerable households and enhancing mitigation strategies. [Display omitted] •We proposed a machine learning framework for assessing social vulnerability indicators.•Permutation features importance was used in the extraction of indicators significant to EM-SVR.•Financial stability and social networks were the most influential predictors of social vulnerability.•Some wards with moderate overall vulnerability still have pockets of extreme social vulnerability.
ArticleNumber 105693
Author Akindejoye, Adesola
Viavattene, Christophe
Windridge, David
Priest, Sally
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Adesola
  orcidid: 0000-0002-9176-5708
  surname: Akindejoye
  fullname: Akindejoye, Adesola
  email: aa5288@live.mdx.ac.uk
  organization: Flood Hazard Research Centre, Middlesex University, London, UK
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Christophe
  orcidid: 0000-0002-4358-5411
  surname: Viavattene
  fullname: Viavattene, Christophe
  organization: Flood Hazard Research Centre, Middlesex University, London, UK
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Sally
  surname: Priest
  fullname: Priest, Sally
  organization: Flood Hazard Research Centre, Middlesex University, London, UK
– sequence: 4
  givenname: David
  orcidid: 0000-0001-5507-8516
  surname: Windridge
  fullname: Windridge, David
  organization: Department of Computer Science, Middlesex University, London, UK
BookMark eNp9kMtOAzEMRSMEEq9-AZt8AC1J5o3EAiFeUgUsYB15Eqe4HZIqmanUr-FXGSgLVnhj6_peyzrHbN8Hj4ydSTGTQpYXyxktbYwzJVQxKkXZZHvsSCmpprkSzf6f-ZBNUlqKseqyVHV9xD4fLfqe3Jb8gqdgCDq-GTqPEVrqqN_ydQyOOkzchchNgNSPFteFYPmQflLDGuOGEloOfhT9H-EDzDt55B1C9KP5kl9zAwl56ge75cHxOa5WxF9w3Kahg3M-h0VI5_yJFhgJTtmBgy7h5LefsLe729ebh-n8-f7x5no-NZkQ_TSThasbYYzMK5UraPLCCmHbWmFZ2RKhUgiFyNumkK1zqmzbsjKqkRXkoKzKTli2u2tiSCmi0-tIHxC3Wgr9jVkv9Q9m_Y1Z7zCPqatdCsfXNoRRJ0PoDVqKaHptA_2b_wL_44xZ
Cites_doi 10.1007/s11069-020-04470-2
10.1051/e3sconf/20160708009
10.1098/rsta.2002.1013
10.2166/wp.2015.089
10.52968/28464359
10.4018/jagr.2013070104
10.1007/s11069-023-05978-z
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101679
10.1371/currents.RRN1279
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.02.004
10.1007/s11069-013-0558-5
10.1007/s10584-020-02896-y
10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.02.068
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2016.09.006
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.05.027
10.1016/S0899-5362(02)00153-7
10.3390/f15040681
10.1007/s40899-019-00337-y
10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106988
10.1108/JHLSCM-01-2014-0004
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.09.008
10.1177/1757975912470062
10.1007/s11069-006-9003-3
10.1038/srep11972
10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113764
10.3390/geosciences7040123
10.1111/j.1539-6924.2008.01072.x
10.1016/j.apgeog.2023.103017
10.1002/2017EF000764
10.3390/w15193408
10.1016/j.wace.2014.11.001
10.1504/IER.2011.038879
10.2495/SDP-V15-N1-107-123
10.1016/j.csr.2015.09.020
10.1007/s11069-012-0234-1
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101531
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.07.013
10.11591/ijai.v9.i1.pp73-80
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101394
10.1080/1573062X.2022.2099292
10.3390/en12020205
10.1080/19475705.2017.1294113
10.1007/s11111-009-0099-8
10.1016/j.proeng.2017.07.141
10.1023/A:1009715923555
10.1007/s11069-015-1910-8
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150065
10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109411
10.1080/10511482.2016.1164738
10.1080/10670564.2022.2052442
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101109
10.1109/OCEANS.2002.1193329
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101074
10.1023/A:1022627411411
10.1080/17477891.2015.1028018
10.1007/s11069-015-1977-2
10.1177/0956247810380141
10.1002/sim.4323
10.3758/s13428-018-1188-3
10.1080/03736245.2018.1541020
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1977.tb01600.x
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101608
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101970
10.62411/jimat.v1i2.11427
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102130
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158002
10.3390/app9173495
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.12.092
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.271
10.1038/s41598-022-19728-x
10.1111/1540-6237.8402002
10.1016/j.envres.2022.112982
10.1111/tran.12408
10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106704
10.1108/DPM-07-2013-0112
10.1007/s11069-019-03648-7
10.1016/j.csr.2018.12.006
10.1088/1755-1315/921/1/012015
10.5539/mas.v11n8p92
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102139
10.1088/2058-9565/ad9176
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.01.030
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.09.013
10.5194/nhess-9-393-2009
10.1080/19475705.2023.2173663
10.4102/jamba.v11i2.692
10.1002/ima.22181
10.1016/j.apgeog.2022.102653
10.36263/nijest.2017.02.0011
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.02.006
10.3390/app9040643
10.5194/nhess-16-2577-2016
10.1109/TNN.2004.836229
10.1080/00045608.2015.1012634
10.1016/j.isci.2022.104720
10.1016/j.envhaz.2007.04.002
10.5194/nhess-16-349-2016
10.1007/s11069-012-0151-3
10.1007/s44212-024-00061-9
10.1023/A:1005627828199
10.1007/s00254-008-1194-3
10.1155/2012/974638
10.1002/wics.199
10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2022.104628
10.15641/jcbm.1.1.76
10.1007/s11205-020-02362-3
10.1016/j.neucom.2010.11.037
10.5822/978-1-61091-586-1_6
10.1371/journal.pone.0196416
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2025
Copyright_xml – notice: 2025
DBID 6I.
AAFTH
AAYXX
CITATION
DOI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693
DatabaseName ScienceDirect Open Access Titles
Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access
CrossRef
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
DatabaseTitleList
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Social Welfare & Social Work
EISSN 2212-4209
ExternalDocumentID 10_1016_j_ijdrr_2025_105693
S2212420925005175
GroupedDBID --M
.~1
0R~
1~.
4.4
457
4G.
5VS
6I.
7-5
8P~
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAFJI
AAFTH
AAIKJ
AAKOC
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AATTM
AAXKI
AAXUO
AAYWO
ABFYP
ABJNI
ABLST
ABMAC
ABMMH
ABQEM
ABQYD
ABXDB
ACDAQ
ACGFS
ACLOT
ACLVX
ACRLP
ACSBN
ACVFH
ADBBV
ADCNI
ADEZE
AEBSH
AEIPS
AEKER
AENEX
AEUPX
AFJKZ
AFPUW
AFTJW
AFXIZ
AGHFR
AGUBO
AGYEJ
AHEUO
AIEXJ
AIGII
AIIUN
AIKHN
AITUG
AKBMS
AKIFW
AKRWK
AKYEP
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMRAJ
ANKPU
AOMHK
APXCP
ATOGT
AVARZ
AXJTR
BKOJK
BLECG
BLXMC
EBS
EFJIC
EFKBS
EFLBG
EJD
FDB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
GBLVA
HZ~
IMUCA
KCYFY
KOM
M41
MO0
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
P-8
P-9
PC.
PRBVW
Q38
ROL
SDF
SPC
SPCBC
SSB
SSE
SSJ
SSO
SSZ
T5K
~G-
~HD
AAYXX
CITATION
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c300t-315f890cc147242a945d00db82e67d6ea72ea504b951bff26bb67c2917a4a2d23
ISICitedReferencesCount 1
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001536802200001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 2212-4209
IngestDate Thu Oct 09 00:30:42 EDT 2025
Sat Nov 01 16:41:41 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Keywords Permutation feature importance
Support vector regression
Expectation maximization algorithm
Vulnerability indicators
Language English
License This is an open access article under the CC BY license.
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c300t-315f890cc147242a945d00db82e67d6ea72ea504b951bff26bb67c2917a4a2d23
ORCID 0000-0002-4358-5411
0000-0002-9176-5708
0000-0001-5507-8516
OpenAccessLink https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693
ParticipantIDs crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijdrr_2025_105693
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_ijdrr_2025_105693
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate September 2025
2025-09-00
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2025-09-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 09
  year: 2025
  text: September 2025
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationTitle International journal of disaster risk reduction
PublicationYear 2025
Publisher Elsevier Ltd
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier Ltd
References Adelekan, Asiyanbi (bib1) 2016; 80
Rufat, Tate, Emrich, Antolini (bib55) 2019; 109
Mojaddadi, Pradhan, Nampak, Ahmad, Ghazali (bib78) 2017; 8
Soneye (bib99) 2014; 4
Dewan, Dewan (bib7) 2013
Jesna, Kurian, Sudheer (bib53) 2024
Hou, Yu, Wang, Huang, Wu, Xu, Li, Geng (bib81) 2019; 12
Plonsky (bib119) 2015
Kelly, Adger (bib29) 2000; 47
Simire (bib94) 2014
Cortes, Vapnik (bib145) 1995; 20
Sulong, Romali (bib156) 2022; 19
Molnar (bib159) 2018
Mavhura (bib72) 2017; 25
Finch, Emrich, Cutter (bib116) 2010; 31
Lawal, Arokoyu (bib104) 2015; 7
Acconcia, Carannante, Misuraca, Scepi (bib128) 2020; 151
Anthony, Almar, Besset, Reyns, Laibi, Ranasinghe, Ondoa, Vacchi (bib89) 2019; 173
Loki, Mindila, Cheruiyot (bib150) 2025; 15
Bera, Das, Mazumder (bib115) 2019; 249
Munyai, Nethengwe, Musyoki (bib117) 2019; 11
Dottori, Figueiredo, Martina, Molinari, Scorzini (bib155) 2016; 16
Gudiyangada Nachappa, Tavakkoli Piralilou, Gholamnia, Ghorbanzadeh, Rahmati, Blaschke (bib75) 2020; 590
Karunarathne, Lee (bib59) 2020; 49
Tien Bui, Pradhan, Lofman, Revhaug (bib149) 2012; 2012
Zarowsky, Haddad, Nguyen (bib17) 2013; 20
Shaji (bib47) 2021; 56
Cutter, Barnes, Berry, Burton, Evans, Tate, Webb (bib32) 2008; 18
Birkmann, Jamshed, McMillan, Feldmeyer, Totin, Solecki, Ibrahim, Roberts, Kerr, Poertner, Pelling, Djalante, Garschagen, Leal Filho, Guha-Sapir, Alegría (bib37) 2022; 803
El-Zein, Ahmed, Tonmoy (bib48) 2021; 121
Sung, Liaw (bib65) 2020; 46
Percival, Teeuw (bib23) 2019; 97
Englund, Passos, André, Swartling, Segnestam, Barquet (bib54) 2022
Revista de Estudios Andaluces, Gayen, Vallejo-Villalta, Mafizul Haque (bib56) 2021; 41
McLachlan, Krishnan (bib129) 2008
Wu, Liu, Wei, Song, Zhang, Zhou (bib148) 2019
Tate, Rahman, Emrich, Sampson (bib109) 2021; 106
Birkmann (bib44) 2006
Armenakis, Du, Natesan, Persad, Zhang (bib10) 2017; 7
Valyon, Horváth (bib137) 2007; 500
Schmidtlein, Deutsch, Piegorsch, Cutter (bib64) 2008; 28
Jamshed, Rana, Mirza, Birkmann (bib58) 2019; 36
Kasperson, Kasperson (bib30) 2005; 1
Obiefuna, Adeaga, Omojola, Atagbaza, Okolie (bib86) 2021; 12
Han, Ye, Zhu (bib167) 2024; 3
Ghosh, Dasgupta, Swetapadma (bib143) 2019
Cheng, Ou, Wang, Liu (bib151) 2024; 15
Mcconnell, Díaz McConnell (bib68) 2017; 27
Lin, Lin (bib142) 2003; 3
Madajewicz (bib67) 2020; 163
Uddin, Ong, Lu (bib74) 2022; 12
Liu, Wang, Ji, Fu, Li, Ali, Li, Cui (bib154) 2021; 300
Andrewin, Rodriguez-Llanes, Guha-Sapir (bib66) 2015; 5
Cardona, Van Aalst, Birkmann, Fordham, Mc Gregor, Rosa, Pulwarty, Schipper, Sinh, Décamps (bib31) 2012
Awad, Khanna (bib130) 2015
Delrieu, Douvinet, Gaume, Gruntfest, Naulin, Payrastre, Vannier, Ruin, Line Lutoff, Boudevillain, Creutin, Anquetin, Bertran Rojo, Boissier, Bonnifait, Borga, Colbeau-justin, Creton-cazanave (bib164) 2014; 6
Burges (bib131) 1998; 2
Carrington, Fieguth, Chen (bib139) 2014
Nkwunonwo, Whitworth, Baily (bib101) 2016; 16
Hadipour, Vafaie, Deilami (bib2) 2020; 12
Birkmann (bib51) 2007; 7
Abegunde (bib87) 1988
Hur, Lim (bib140) 2005
Gallopin (bib45) 1997; 58
Awosika, Dublin-Green, Folorunsho, Adekoya, Adekanmbi, Jim-Saiki (bib92) 2000
Lee, Panahi, Pourghasemi, Shahabi, Alizadeh, Shirzadi, Khosravi, Melesse, Yekrangnia, Rezaie (bib80) 2019; 9
Nwilo (bib93) 1997; 239
de Ruiter, Van Loon (bib52) 2022; 25
Mavhura, Manyangadze (bib3) 2021; 56
Lee, Vink (bib161) 2015; 17
Birkmann, Cardona, Carreño, Barbat, Pelling, Schneiderbauer, Kienberger, Keiler, Alexander, Zeil (bib36) 2013; 67
Kelly, Adger (bib166) 2000; 47
Kuyoro, Alimi, Awodele (bib144) 2022
Ma, Weiss (bib49) 2023; 32
Tapsell, Penning-Rowsell, Tunstall, Wilson (bib13) 2002; 360
Jha, Gundimeda (bib60) 2019; 35
(bib110) 2006
Ogbonna, Umeh (bib100) 2023; 4
Terti, Ruin, Anquetin, Gourley (bib21) 2015; 79
Paveglio, Edgeley, Stasiewicz (bib9) 2018; 213
Cutter, Boruff, Shirley (bib28) 2003; 84
Wang (bib118) 2024; 10
Nur, Shrestha (bib19) 2017; 198
Masterson, Peacock, Van Zandt, Grover, Schwarz, Cooper, Masterson, Peacock, Van Zandt, Grover (bib24) 2014
Abbas, Routray, Bashier Abbas, K Routray (bib57) 2014; 23
Razali, Ismail, Mustapha (bib79) 2020; 9
Olayinka, Irivbogbe (bib6) 2017; 1
Cutts, Greenlee, Prochaska, Chantrill, Contractor, Wilhoit, Abts, Hornik (bib107) 2018; 13
(bib33) 2016
Santosa, Akrom (bib169) 2024; 1
Nguyen, Van Nguyen (bib114) 2019; 5
Fatemi, Ardalan, Aguirre, Mansouri, Mohammadfam (bib38) 2017; 22
Mavhura (bib73) 2019; 101
(bib15) 2015; 7
Deria, Ghannad, Lee (bib18) 2020; 48
Olaniyan, Afiesimama (bib91) 2002; 1
Di Baldassarre, Nohrstedt, Mård, Burchardt, Albin, Bondesson, Breinl, Deegan, Fuentes, Lopez (bib8) 2018; 6
Smola, Scholkopf (bib146) 2004
Liu, Zhang, Liu, Lin, Su, Cui, Wei (bib132) 2023; 14
O'Keefe, Westgate, Wisner, O’keefe, Westgate, Wisner (bib26) 1976; vol. 260
Adelekan (bib95) 2010; 22
Byrne (bib126) 2024
Oyang, Hwang, Ou, Chen, Chen (bib141) 2005; 16
Andrade, Szlafsztein (bib102) 2018; 630
Monte, Goldenfum, Michel, Cavalcanti, de Albuquerque Cavalcanti (bib27) 2021; 52
Chakraborty, Rus, Henstra, Thistlethwaite, Scott (bib103) 2020; 43
Birkmann (bib40) 2013
Enderami, Sutley (bib61) 2024
Adger, Agnew (bib41) 2004; vol 122
Guerrero, Contreras, Chamorro, Martínez, Echaveguren (bib22) 2023; 117
Almar, Kestenare, Reyns, Jouanno, Anthony, Laibi, Hemer, Du Penhoat, Ranasinghe (bib88) 2015; 110
Islam, Talukdar, Mahato, Kundu, Eibek, Pham, Kuriqi, Linh (bib76) 2021; 12
Jones (bib121) 2011; 30
Deroliya, Ghosh, Mohanty, Ghosh, Rao, Karmakar (bib77) 2022; 851
Osanyintuyi, Wang, Mokhtar (bib90) 2022; 194
Montgomery, Chakraborty (bib162) 2013; 4
Dempster, Laird, Rubin (bib123) 1977; 39
Hamad (bib134) 2020; 8
Houston, Werritty, Ball, Black (bib12) 2021; 46
Brody, Highfield, Ryu, Spanel-Weber (bib85) 2007; 40
Guragain, Doneys (bib113) 2022; 14
de Brito, Evers, Höllermann (bib42) 2017; 24
Ajaero (bib98) 2024
Bouramtane, Kacimi, Bouramtane, Aziz, Abraham, Omari, Valles, Leblanc, Kassou, Beqqali, Bahaj, Morarech, Yameogo, Barbiero (bib63) 2021
Frénay, Verleysen (bib138) 2011; 74
Hadipour, Vafaie, Kerle (bib4) 2020; 188
Rufat, Tate, Burton, Maroof (bib46) 2015; 14
Adepelumi, Ako, Ajayi, Afolabi, Omotoso (bib82) 1999; 56
Morrison, Beevers, Wright, Stewart (bib71) 2022
Harahap (bib105) 2021; 921
Jamshed, Birkmann, Ahmad Rana, Feldmeyer (bib43) 2020; 118
Orr, Twigger-Ross, Brooks, Sadauskis (bib20) 2016; 7
Ihenyen (bib97) 2003; 36
Kwon, Basukala, Lee, Lee, Kang (bib124) 2016; 26
Deng, Han (bib125) 2018
Wang, Fan, Bhatt, Davatzikos (bib135) 2010; 50
Garbutt, Ellul, Fujiyama (bib112) 2015; 14
Flanagan, Gregory, Hallisey, Heitgerd, Lewis (bib160) 2011; 8
Johnson, Blackett, Allison, Broadbent (bib127) 2023; 15
Hinojos, McPhillips, Stempel, Grady (bib70) 2023; 157
Molnar (bib158) 2020
Styles, Viavattene, Priest (bib108) 2014
Wang, Yarnal (bib163) 2012; 63
Moroke, Schoeman, Schoeman (bib25) 2020; 15
Alexander, Alexander (bib35) 2000
Mangkunegara, Purwono (bib147) 2022
Oulahen, Mortsch, Tang, Harford (bib106) 2015; 105
Ireland, Thomalla (bib168) 2011; 3
Kwak, Park (bib152) 2019; 9
Win, Zin, Kawasaki, San (bib157) 2018; 28
Goto, Suarez, Ye (bib62) 2022; 140
Gallopín (bib39) 2006; 16
Chukwuemeka Osmond, Olufemi Daniel, Caleb Abiodun, Mayowa Fadeke (bib83) 2014; 5
Obiefuna, Omojola, Adeaga, Uduma-Olugu (bib5) 2017; 1
Lorah, Womack (bib122) 2019; 51
Neath, Cavanaugh (bib120) 2012; 4
(bib84) 1980
Ekanade, Ayanlade, Orimoogunje (bib96) 2011; 12
(bib11) 2017
Balica, Wright, van der Meulen (bib16) 2012; 64
Watson, Kashefi, Medd, Walker, Tapsell, Twigger-Ross (bib14) 2008
(bib50) 2021
Priest, Wilson, Tapsell, Penning-Rowsell, Viavattene, Fernández-Bilbao (bib111) 2007
Adger (bib34) 2006; 16
Chakraborty, Rus, Henstra, Thistlethwaite, Minano, Scott (bib69) 2022; 210
Youssef, Reza, Ali, Saleh (bib133) 2023
Dhhan, Midi, Alameer (bib136) 2017; 11
Fekete (bib165) 2009; 9
Osanyintuyi (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib90) 2022; 194
Olaniyan (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib91) 2002; 1
Terti (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib21) 2015; 79
Ekanade (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib96) 2011; 12
Birkmann (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib44) 2006
Madajewicz (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib67) 2020; 163
Schmidtlein (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib64) 2008; 28
Armenakis (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib10) 2017; 7
Birkmann (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib51) 2007; 7
Abegunde (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib87) 1988
Kelly (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib29) 2000; 47
Nwilo (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib93) 1997; 239
Lee (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib161) 2015; 17
Jones (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib121) 2011; 30
Cortes (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib145) 1995; 20
Lorah (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib122) 2019; 51
Cutts (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib107) 2018; 13
Di Baldassarre (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib8) 2018; 6
Gudiyangada Nachappa (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib75) 2020; 590
(10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib33) 2016
Hadipour (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib4) 2020; 188
Lin (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib142) 2003; 3
Cardona (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib31) 2012
Hou (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib81) 2019; 12
Zarowsky (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib17) 2013; 20
Styles (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib108)
Deng (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib125) 2018
Hadipour (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib2) 2020; 12
Adelekan (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib1) 2016; 80
Munyai (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib117) 2019; 11
Byrne (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib126) 2024
Harahap (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib105) 2021; 921
Fatemi (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib38) 2017; 22
Molnar (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib158) 2020
Garbutt (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib112) 2015; 14
Oyang (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib141) 2005; 16
Watson (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib14) 2008
Delrieu (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib164) 2014; 6
Finch (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib116) 2010; 31
Moroke (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib25) 2020; 15
Deroliya (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib77) 2022; 851
Uddin (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib74) 2022; 12
Ajaero (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib98) 2024
Wang (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib163) 2012; 63
Hinojos (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib70) 2023; 157
Kuyoro (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib144) 2022
Orr (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib20) 2016; 7
Simire (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib94)
Paveglio (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib9) 2018; 213
Acconcia (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib128) 2020; 151
Houston (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib12) 2021; 46
Neath (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib120) 2012; 4
Revista de Estudios Andaluces (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib56) 2021; 41
Nkwunonwo (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib101) 2016; 16
Kwon (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib124) 2016; 26
Lee (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib80) 2019; 9
Shaji (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib47) 2021; 56
Mangkunegara (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib147) 2022
Gallopin (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib45) 1997; 58
Kwak (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib152) 2019; 9
Wu (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib148) 2019
Mavhura (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib72) 2017; 25
Cutter (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib32) 2008; 18
Alexander (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib35) 2000
Adepelumi (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib82) 1999; 56
de Ruiter (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib52) 2022; 25
Englund (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib54) 2022
Hamad (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib134) 2020; 8
Kelly (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib166) 2000; 47
Ogbonna (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib100) 2023; 4
Ghosh (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib143) 2019
McLachlan (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib129) 2008
Anthony (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib89) 2019; 173
Awad (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib130) 2015
Molnar (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib159)
Guerrero (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib22) 2023; 117
Islam (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib76) 2021; 12
Jesna (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib53) 2024
Chakraborty (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib69) 2022; 210
(10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib15) 2015; 7
Bera (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib115) 2019; 249
Cutter (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib28) 2003; 84
Youssef (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib133) 2023
Liu (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib154) 2021; 300
Han (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib167) 2024; 3
Birkmann (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib36) 2013; 67
Bouramtane (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib63) 2021
Abbas (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib57) 2014; 23
Goto (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib62) 2022; 140
Percival (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib23) 2019; 97
Monte (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib27) 2021; 52
Kasperson (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib30) 2005; 1
Burges (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib131) 1998; 2
Cheng (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib151) 2024; 15
Birkmann (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib37) 2022; 803
(10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib84) 1980
Karunarathne (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib59) 2020; 49
Ihenyen (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib97) 2003; 36
Obiefuna (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib5) 2017; 1
Ma (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib49) 2023; 32
Tien Bui (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib149) 2012; 2012
Carrington (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib139) 2014
Deria (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib18) 2020; 48
Obiefuna (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib86) 2021; 12
Win (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib157) 2018; 28
Fekete (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib165) 2009; 9
Dewan (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib7) 2013
Montgomery (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib162) 2013; 4
Jamshed (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib58) 2019; 36
Enderami (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib61) 2024
Flanagan (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib160) 2011; 8
Soneye (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib99) 2014; 4
Tapsell (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib13) 2002; 360
Jamshed (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib43) 2020; 118
Johnson (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib127) 2023; 15
Birkmann (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib40) 2013
Mojaddadi (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib78) 2017; 8
Nur (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib19) 2017; 198
Rufat (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib55) 2019; 109
Awosika (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib92) 2000
Hur (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib140) 2005
Lawal (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib104) 2015; 7
Ireland (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib168) 2011; 3
Sulong (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib156) 2022; 19
Mavhura (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib73) 2019; 101
de Brito (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib42) 2017; 24
Brody (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib85) 2007; 40
Mcconnell (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib68) 2017; 27
Mavhura (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib3) 2021; 56
Dottori (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib155) 2016; 16
Gallopín (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib39) 2006; 16
Oulahen (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib106) 2015; 105
Adger (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib34) 2006; 16
Valyon (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib137) 2007; 500
Plonsky (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib119) 2015
Andrade (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib102) 2018; 630
Sung (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib65) 2020; 46
Jha (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib60) 2019; 35
Smola (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib146) 2004
Dempster (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib123) 1977; 39
O'Keefe (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib26) 1976; vol. 260
Andrewin (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib66) 2015; 5
Guragain (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib113) 2022; 14
Wang (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib135) 2010; 50
Adelekan (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib95) 2010; 22
Loki (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib150) 2025; 15
Olayinka (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib6) 2017; 1
Balica (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib16) 2012; 64
Chukwuemeka Osmond (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib83) 2014; 5
Almar (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib88) 2015; 110
Liu (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib132) 2023; 14
Rufat (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib46) 2015; 14
El-Zein (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib48) 2021; 121
Wang (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib118) 2024; 10
(10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib50) 2021
Priest (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib111) 2007
Morrison (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib71)
Frénay (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib138) 2011; 74
Santosa (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib169) 2024; 1
Chakraborty (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib103) 2020; 43
Nguyen (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib114) 2019; 5
Masterson (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib24) 2014
Adger (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib41) 2004; vol 122
Dhhan (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib136) 2017; 11
Tate (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib109) 2021; 106
Razali (10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib79) 2020; 9
References_xml – start-page: 231
  year: 1988
  end-page: 238
  ident: bib87
  article-title: Shoreline erosion and land use management on the active sand barrier beaches around Lagos: a new focus in environmental management in Sada, PO & FO Odemerho
  publication-title: Environmental Issues and Management in Nigerian Development. Evans Brothers, Ibadan
– start-page: 55
  year: 2006
  end-page: 77
  ident: bib44
  article-title: Indicators and criteria for measuring vulnerability: theoretical bases and requirements
  publication-title: Measuring Vulnerability to Natural Hazards: Towards Disaster Resilient Societies
– volume: 7
  start-page: 36
  year: 2015
  end-page: 42
  ident: bib15
  article-title: Societal impacts and vulnerability to floods in Bangladesh and Nepal
  publication-title: Weather Clim. Extrem.
– volume: 56
  year: 2021
  ident: bib3
  article-title: A comprehensive spatial analysis of social vulnerability to natural hazards in Zimbabwe: driving factors and policy implications
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
– volume: 12
  year: 2020
  ident: bib2
  article-title: Coastal flooding risk assessment using a GIS-based spatial multi-criteria decision analysis approach
  publication-title: Water (Switzerland)
– volume: 163
  start-page: 2029
  year: 2020
  end-page: 2053
  ident: bib67
  article-title: Who is vulnerable and who is resilient to coastal flooding? Lessons from Hurricane Sandy in New York City
  publication-title: Clim. Change
– volume: 46
  start-page: 102
  year: 2021
  end-page: 119
  ident: bib12
  article-title: Environmental vulnerability and resilience: social differentiation in short- and long-term flood impacts
  publication-title: Trans. Inst. Br. Geogr.
– volume: 1
  start-page: 561
  year: 2002
  end-page: 568
  ident: bib91
  article-title: On marine winds, waves and swells over West African coast for effective coastal management-a case study of Victoria Island beach in Nigeria
  publication-title: OCEANS’02 MTS/IEEE
– volume: 64
  start-page: 73
  year: 2012
  end-page: 105
  ident: bib16
  article-title: A flood vulnerability index for coastal cities and its use in assessing climate change impacts
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
– start-page: 61
  year: 2018
  end-page: 86
  ident: bib125
  article-title: Probabilistic models for clustering
  publication-title: Data Clustering
– start-page: 6397
  year: 2014
  end-page: 6401
  ident: bib139
  article-title: A new mercer sigmoid kernel for clinical data classification
  publication-title: 2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
– volume: 14
  year: 2022
  ident: bib113
  article-title: Social, economic, environmental, and physical vulnerability assessment: an index-based gender analysis of flood prone areas of Koshi River Basin in Nepal
  publication-title: Sustainability Article
– volume: 8
  start-page: 1080
  year: 2017
  end-page: 1102
  ident: bib78
  article-title: Ensemble machine-learning-based geospatial approach for flood risk assessment using multi-sensor remote-sensing data and GIS
  publication-title: Geomat. Nat. Hazards Risk
– volume: 14
  start-page: 156
  year: 2015
  end-page: 186
  ident: bib112
  article-title: Mapping social vulnerability to flood hazard in Norfolk, England
  publication-title: Environ. Hazards
– volume: 22
  start-page: 433
  year: 2010
  end-page: 450
  ident: bib95
  article-title: Vulnerability of poor urban coastal communities to flooding in Lagos, Nigeria
  publication-title: Environ. Urbanization
– volume: 15
  start-page: 681
  year: 2024
  ident: bib151
  article-title: Remote sensing estimation of forest carbon stock based on machine learning algorithms
  publication-title: Forests
– start-page: 111
  year: 1980
  ident: bib84
  article-title: Lekki Peninsula Development Scheme Report
– year: 2013
  ident: bib7
  article-title: Hazards, Risk, and Vulnerability
– volume: 31
  start-page: 179
  year: 2010
  end-page: 202
  ident: bib116
  article-title: Disaster disparities and differential recovery in New Orleans
  publication-title: Popul. Environ.
– volume: 47
  start-page: 325
  year: 2000
  end-page: 352
  ident: bib29
  article-title: Theory and practice in assessing vulnerability to climate change andFacilitating adaptation
  publication-title: Clim. Change
– year: 2018
  ident: bib159
  article-title: A guide for making black box models explainable
– year: 2022
  ident: bib54
  article-title: Constructing a Social Vulnerability Index for Flooding : Insights from a Municipality in Sweden
– volume: 43
  year: 2020
  ident: bib103
  article-title: A place-based socioeconomic status index: measuring social vulnerability to flood hazards in the context of environmental justice
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
– year: 2008
  ident: bib129
  article-title: The EM Algorithm and Extensions
– volume: 500
  start-page: 1
  year: 2007
  ident: bib137
  article-title: Extended least squares LS–SVM
  publication-title: Training
– volume: vol. 260
  start-page: 566
  year: 1976
  end-page: 567
  ident: bib26
  publication-title: No Title
– volume: 18
  start-page: 598
  year: 2008
  end-page: 606
  ident: bib32
  article-title: A place-based model for understanding community resilience to natural disasters
  publication-title: Glob. Environ. Change
– volume: 15
  start-page: 3408
  year: 2023
  ident: bib127
  article-title: Measuring social vulnerability to climate change at the coast: embracing complexity and context for more accurate and equitable analysis
  publication-title: Water
– start-page: 199
  year: 2004
  end-page: 222
  ident: bib146
  article-title: A Tutorial on Support Vector Regression
– volume: 198
  start-page: 958
  year: 2017
  end-page: 967
  ident: bib19
  article-title: An integrative perspective on community vulnerability to flooding in cities of developing countries
  publication-title: Procedia Eng.
– volume: 52
  year: 2021
  ident: bib27
  article-title: Terminology of natural hazards and disasters: a review and the case of Brazil
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
– year: 2021
  ident: bib50
  publication-title: 59 International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction
– volume: 16
  start-page: 268
  year: 2006
  end-page: 281
  ident: bib34
  article-title: Vulnerability
  publication-title: Glob. Environ. Change
– volume: 32
  start-page: 106
  year: 2023
  end-page: 122
  ident: bib49
  article-title: Strong State or vulnerable homeland: how Chinese State media sought to combat democratic diffusion during the 2019 Hong Kong protests
  publication-title: J. Contemp. China
– volume: 4
  start-page: 179
  year: 2014
  end-page: 197
  ident: bib99
  article-title: An overview of humanitarian relief supply chains for victims of perennial flood disasters in Lagos, Nigeria (2010-2012)
  publication-title: J. Humanit. Logist. Supply Chain Manag.
– year: 2014
  ident: bib108
  article-title: Resilience-increasing strategies for coasts-toolkit library of coastal vulnerability indicators guidance document
– volume: 173
  start-page: 93
  year: 2019
  end-page: 103
  ident: bib89
  article-title: Response of the Bight of Benin (Gulf of Guinea, West Africa) coastline to anthropogenic and natural forcing, part 2: sources and patterns of sediment supply, sediment cells, and recent shoreline change
  publication-title: Cont. Shelf Res.
– volume: 15
  start-page: 107
  year: 2020
  end-page: 123
  ident: bib25
  article-title: Neighbourhood sustainability assessment model for developing countries: a comprehensive approach to urban quality of life
  publication-title: Int. J. Sustain. Dev. Plann.
– year: 2024
  ident: bib126
  article-title: REPAIRING THE EM ALGORITHM: PART TWO-THE MISSING-DATA MODEL
– volume: vol 122
  year: 2004
  ident: bib41
  publication-title: New Indicators of Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity
– year: 2006
  ident: bib110
  article-title: Flood risks to people (Phase 2) FD2321/TR1.
– volume: 590
  year: 2020
  ident: bib75
  article-title: Flood susceptibility mapping with machine learning, multi-criteria decision analysis and ensemble using Dempster Shafer Theory
  publication-title: J. Hydrol.
– volume: 194
  year: 2022
  ident: bib90
  article-title: Nearly five decades of changing shoreline mobility along the densely developed Lagos barrier-lagoon coast of Nigeria: a remote sensing approach
  publication-title: J. Afr. Earth Sci.
– volume: 49
  year: 2020
  ident: bib59
  article-title: Developing a multi-facet social vulnerability measure for flood disasters at the micro-level assessment
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
– volume: 41
  year: 2021
  ident: bib56
  article-title: Assessment of social vulnerability in Malaga Province, Spain: a comparison of indicator standardization techniques
  publication-title: Revista de Estudios Andaluces
– volume: 46
  year: 2020
  ident: bib65
  article-title: A GIS-based approach for assessing social vulnerability to flood and debris flow hazards
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
– volume: 921
  year: 2021
  ident: bib105
  article-title: Relevant indicators of social vulnerability during response phase context of flooding inTebingTinggi City, North Sumatra Indonesia
  publication-title: IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci.
– volume: 5
  start-page: 1917
  year: 2019
  end-page: 1927
  ident: bib114
  article-title: Application of flood vulnerability index in flood vulnerability assessment: a case study in Mai Hoa Commune, Tuyen Hoa District, Quang Binh Province
  publication-title: Sustain Water Resou Manag
– start-page: 1
  year: 2022
  end-page: 7
  ident: bib144
  article-title: Comparative analysis of the performance of various support vector machine kernels
  publication-title: 2022 5th Information Technology for Education and Development (ITED)
– volume: 58
  start-page: 13
  year: 1997
  end-page: 27
  ident: bib45
  article-title: Indicators and their use: information for decision-making
  publication-title: Scope-Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment International Council of Scientific Unions
– volume: 7
  start-page: 20
  year: 2007
  end-page: 31
  ident: bib51
  article-title: Risk and vulnerability indicators at different scales: applicability, usefulness and policy implications
  publication-title: Environ. Hazards
– volume: 9
  start-page: 643
  year: 2019
  ident: bib152
  article-title: Impact of texture information on crop classification with machine learning and UAV images
  publication-title: Appl. Sci.
– year: 2022
  ident: bib71
  article-title: The impact of data spatial resolution on flood vulnerability assessment
– volume: 23
  start-page: 395
  year: 2014
  end-page: 419
  ident: bib57
  article-title: Vulnerability to flood-induced public health risks in Sudan
  publication-title: Disaster Prev. Manag.
– start-page: 24
  year: 2019
  end-page: 28
  ident: bib143
  article-title: A study on support vector machine based linear and non-linear pattern classification
  publication-title: 2019 International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems (ICISS)
– volume: 15
  year: 2025
  ident: bib150
  article-title: Hyper‐parameter optimization of kernel functions on multi‐class text categorization: a comparative evaluation
  publication-title: Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Data Min. Knowl. Discov.
– volume: 35
  year: 2019
  ident: bib60
  article-title: An integrated assessment of vulnerability to floods using composite index – a district level analysis for Bihar, India
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
– volume: 210
  year: 2022
  ident: bib69
  article-title: Exploring spatial heterogeneity and environmental injustices in exposure to flood hazards using geographically weighted regression
  publication-title: Environ. Res.
– volume: 74
  start-page: 2526
  year: 2011
  end-page: 2531
  ident: bib138
  article-title: Parameter-insensitive kernel in extreme learning for non-linear support vector regression
  publication-title: Neurocomputing
– volume: 249
  year: 2019
  ident: bib115
  article-title: A multi-objective framework for multidimensional vulnerability assessment – case of a coastal district of West Bengal, India
  publication-title: J. Environ. Manag.
– year: 2021
  ident: bib63
  article-title: Multivariate Analysis and Machine Learning Approach for Mapping the Variability and Vulnerability of Urban Moroccoflooding : the Case of Tangier City ,
– volume: 79
  start-page: 1481
  year: 2015
  end-page: 1497
  ident: bib21
  article-title: Dynamic vulnerability factors for impact-based flash flood prediction
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
– volume: 40
  start-page: 413
  year: 2007
  end-page: 428
  ident: bib85
  article-title: Examining the relationship between wetland alteration and watershed flooding in Texas and Florida
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
– volume: 4
  year: 2023
  ident: bib100
  article-title: Flood-risk insurance in flood-prone areas of Nigerian cities: a case study of Agiliti, Ketu, Lagos
  publication-title: African J Housing Sustain Development
– volume: 80
  start-page: 445
  year: 2016
  end-page: 469
  ident: bib1
  article-title: Flood risk perception in flood-affected communities in Lagos, Nigeria
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
– start-page: 80
  year: 2013
  end-page: 106
  ident: bib40
  article-title: Data, indicators and criteria for measuring vulnerability: theoretical bases and requirements
  publication-title: Measuring Vulnerability to Natural Hazards: Towards Disaster Resilient Societies
– volume: 20
  start-page: 273
  year: 1995
  end-page: 297
  ident: bib145
  article-title: Support-vector networks
  publication-title: Mach. Learn.
– volume: 16
  start-page: 349
  year: 2016
  end-page: 369
  ident: bib101
  article-title: Urban flood risk management in the Lagos region of Nigeria
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.
– volume: 5
  start-page: 218
  year: 2014
  end-page: 235
  ident: bib83
  article-title: Journal of sustainable development studies comparative study of rental values of two gated estates in Lekki peninsula Lagos
– volume: 7
  start-page: 123
  year: 2017
  ident: bib10
  article-title: Flood risk assessment in urban areas based on spatial analytics and social factors
  publication-title: Geosciences
– volume: 14
  start-page: 470
  year: 2015
  end-page: 486
  ident: bib46
  article-title: Social vulnerability to floods: review of case studies and implications for measurement
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
– volume: 16
  start-page: 2577
  year: 2016
  end-page: 2591
  ident: bib155
  article-title: INSYDE: a synthetic, probabilistic flood damage model based on explicit cost analysis
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.
– volume: 13
  year: 2018
  ident: bib107
  article-title: Is a clean river fun for all? Recognizing social vulnerability in watershed planning
  publication-title: PLoS One
– volume: 16
  start-page: 293
  year: 2006
  end-page: 303
  ident: bib39
  article-title: Linkages between vulnerability, resilience, and adaptive capacity
  publication-title: Glob. Environ. Change
– volume: 56
  start-page: 927
  year: 1999
  end-page: 933
  ident: bib82
  article-title: Delineation of saltwater intrusion into the freshwater aquifer of Lekki Peninsula, Lagos, Nigeria
  publication-title: Environ. Geol.
– volume: 27
  start-page: 60
  year: 2017
  end-page: 79
  ident: bib68
  article-title: Rented, crowded, and unaffordable? Social vulnerabilities and the accumulation of precarious housing conditions in Los Angeles
  publication-title: Housing Policy Debate
– volume: 84
  start-page: 242
  year: 2003
  end-page: 261
  ident: bib28
  article-title: Social vulnerability to environmental hazards
  publication-title: Soc. Sci. Q.
– volume: 8
  start-page: 459
  year: 2020
  end-page: 464
  ident: bib134
  article-title: An assessment of artificial neural networks, support vector machines and decision trees for land cover classification using sentinel-2A data
  publication-title: Sciences
– volume: 106
  start-page: 435
  year: 2021
  end-page: 457
  ident: bib109
  article-title: Flood exposure and social vulnerability in the United States
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1
  year: 2019
  end-page: 8
  ident: bib117
  article-title: An assessment of flood vulnerability and adaptation: a case study of Hamutsha-Muungamunwe village, Makhado municipality
  publication-title: Jàmbá: J Disaster Risk Studies
– volume: 56
  year: 2021
  ident: bib47
  article-title: Evaluating social vulnerability of people inhabiting a tropical coast in Kerala, south west coast of India
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
– volume: 10
  year: 2024
  ident: bib118
  article-title: Near-optimal quantum kernel principal component analysis
  publication-title: Quantum Sci. Technol.
– volume: 39
  start-page: 1
  year: 1977
  end-page: 22
  ident: bib123
  article-title: Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm
  publication-title: J. Roy. Stat. Soc. B
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1519
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1535
  ident: bib135
  article-title: High-dimensional pattern regression using machine learning: from medical images to continuous clinical variables
  publication-title: Neuroimage
– year: 2014
  ident: bib94
  article-title: The ocean can consume us, yet we can't help ourselves
– volume: 140
  year: 2022
  ident: bib62
  article-title: Spatial analysis of social vulnerability in São Paulo city, Brazil
  publication-title: Appl. Geogr.
– volume: 36
  start-page: 233
  year: 2003
  end-page: 244
  ident: bib97
  article-title: Recent sedimentology and ocean dynamics of the Western Nigerian continental shelf and coastline
  publication-title: J. Afr. Earth Sci.
– year: 2017
  ident: bib11
  article-title: Understanding disaster risk
– volume: 109
  start-page: 1131
  year: 2019
  end-page: 1153
  ident: bib55
  article-title: How valid are social vulnerability models?
  publication-title: Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr.
– year: 2000
  ident: bib35
  article-title: Confronting Catastrophe: New Perspectives on Natural Disasters
– volume: 117
  start-page: 3067
  year: 2023
  end-page: 3102
  ident: bib22
  article-title: Social vulnerability in Chile: challenges for multi-scale analysis and disaster risk reduction
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
– volume: 118
  year: 2020
  ident: bib43
  article-title: The effect of spatial proximity to cities on rural vulnerability against flooding: an indicator based approach
  publication-title: Ecol. Indic.
– volume: 7
  year: 2015
  ident: bib104
  article-title: Modelling social vulnerability in sub-saharan West Africa using a geographical information system
  publication-title: Jamba -J Disaster Risk Studies
– volume: 5
  year: 2015
  ident: bib66
  article-title: Determinants of the lethality of climate-related disasters in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM): a cross-country analysis
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.
– volume: 12
  year: 2021
  ident: bib86
  article-title: Flood risks to urban development on a coastal barrier landscape of Lekki Peninsula in Lagos, Nigeria
  publication-title: Sci. Afr.
– volume: 6
  start-page: 135
  year: 2014
  end-page: 153
  ident: bib164
  publication-title: American Meteorological Society Social and Hydrological Responses to Extreme Precipitations:: An Interdisciplinary Strategy for Postflood Investigation Social and Hydrological Responses to Extreme Precipitations: An Interdisciplinary Strategy for Postfloo. And Society
– volume: 121
  year: 2021
  ident: bib48
  article-title: Geophysical and social vulnerability to floods at municipal scale under climate change: the case of an inner-city suburb of Sydney
  publication-title: Ecol. Indic.
– year: 2019
  ident: bib148
  article-title: Flash Flood Forecasting Using Support Vector Regression Model in a Small Mountainous Catchment
– volume: 213
  start-page: 425
  year: 2018
  end-page: 439
  ident: bib9
  article-title: Assessing influences on social vulnerability to wildfire using surveys, spatial data and wildfire simulations
  publication-title: J. Environ. Manag.
– volume: 36
  year: 2019
  ident: bib58
  article-title: Assessing relationship between vulnerability and capacity: an empirical study on rural flooding in Pakistan
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
– volume: 4
  start-page: 199
  year: 2012
  end-page: 203
  ident: bib120
  article-title: The Bayesian information criterion: background, derivation, and applications
  publication-title: Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Comput. Stat.
– year: 2024
  ident: bib53
  article-title: A New Framework Integrating Flood Inundation Modeling and Multicriteria decision-making for Enhanced Flood Risk Mapping
– volume: 25
  start-page: 248
  year: 2017
  end-page: 258
  ident: bib72
  article-title: Applying a systems-thinking approach to community resilience analysis using rural livelihoods: the case of Muzarabani district, Zimbabwe
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
– volume: 101
  start-page: 72
  year: 2019
  end-page: 90
  ident: bib73
  article-title: Analysing drivers of vulnerability to flooding: a systems approach
  publication-title: S. Afr. Geogr. J.
– year: 2024
  ident: bib98
  article-title: Eko Resilience (Re) Designing Residential Communities that Are Resilient for the Urban Poor in Lagos, the Coastal City
– volume: 110
  start-page: 48
  year: 2015
  end-page: 59
  ident: bib88
  article-title: Response of the Bight of Benin (Gulf of Guinea, West Africa) coastline to anthropogenic and natural forcing, Part1: wave climate variability and impacts on the longshore sediment transport
  publication-title: Cont. Shelf Res.
– volume: 14
  year: 2023
  ident: bib132
  article-title: Seismic vulnerability and risk assessment at the urban scale using support vector machine and GIScience technology : a case study of the Lixia District in Jinan City , China
  publication-title: Geomat. Nat. Hazards Risk
– volume: 1
  start-page: 244
  year: 2017
  end-page: 255
  ident: bib6
  article-title: Flood vulnerability mapping of Lagos Island and Eti-Osa local government areas using a multi-criteria decision making approach
  publication-title: Nigerian J Environ Sci Technol
– volume: 3
  start-page: 16
  year: 2003
  ident: bib142
  article-title: A study on sigmoid kernels for SVM and the training of non-PSD kernels by SMO-type methods
  publication-title: Neural Comput.
– year: 2007
  ident: bib111
  article-title: Building a Model to Estimate Risk to Life for European Flood Events, Milestone Report T1-07-10 for Floodsite
– volume: 851
  year: 2022
  ident: bib77
  article-title: A novel flood risk mapping approach with machine learning considering geomorphic and socio-economic vulnerability dimensions
  publication-title: Sci. Total Environ.
– volume: 1
  year: 2005
  ident: bib30
  article-title: The social contours of risk: publics
  publication-title: Risk Communication and the Social Amplification of Risk
– volume: 7
  start-page: 8009
  year: 2016
  ident: bib20
  article-title: ‘Pieces of kit’are not enough: the role of infrastructure in community resilience
  publication-title: E3S Web of Conferences
– volume: 97
  start-page: 355
  year: 2019
  end-page: 377
  ident: bib23
  article-title: A methodology for urban micro-scale coastal flood vulnerability and risk assessment and mapping
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
– volume: 3
  start-page: 1
  year: 2024
  end-page: 12
  ident: bib167
  article-title: The unequal impact of disasters: assessing the interplay between social vulnerability, public assistance, flood insurance, and migration in the US
  publication-title: Urban Informatics
– volume: 20
  start-page: 3
  year: 2013
  end-page: 9
  ident: bib17
  article-title: Beyond ‘vulnerable groups’: contexts and dynamics of vulnerability
  publication-title: Global Health Promotion
– volume: 6
  start-page: 305
  year: 2018
  end-page: 310
  ident: bib8
  article-title: An integrative research framework to unravel the interplay of natural hazards and vulnerabilities
  publication-title: Earths Future
– volume: 26
  start-page: 225
  year: 2016
  end-page: 232
  ident: bib124
  article-title: Brain image segmentation using a combination of expectation‐maximization algorithm and watershed transform
  publication-title: Int. J. Imag. Syst. Technol.
– volume: 12
  year: 2021
  ident: bib76
  article-title: Flood susceptibility modelling using advanced ensemble machine learning models
  publication-title: Geosci. Front.
– volume: 17
  start-page: 1045
  year: 2015
  end-page: 1061
  ident: bib161
  article-title: No title
  publication-title: Water Policy
– volume: 22
  start-page: 219
  year: 2017
  end-page: 227
  ident: bib38
  article-title: Social vulnerability indicators in disasters: findings from a systematic review
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
– year: 2016
  ident: bib33
  article-title: UN (2016). Report of the open-ended Intergovernmental Expert Working Group on Indicators and Terminology Relating to Disaster Risk Reduction
– start-page: 65
  year: 2012
  end-page: 108
  ident: bib31
  article-title: Determinants of risk: exposure and vulnerability
  publication-title: Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation: Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
– volume: 12
  start-page: 48
  year: 2011
  end-page: 62
  ident: bib96
  article-title: Climate change impacts on coastal urban settlements in Nigeria
  publication-title: Interdiscipl. Environ. Rev.
– volume: 3
  year: 2011
  ident: bib168
  article-title: The role of collective action in enhancing communities' adaptive capacity to environmental risk: an exploration of two case studies from Asia
  publication-title: PLoS Currents
– volume: 2012
  year: 2012
  ident: bib149
  article-title: Landslide susceptibility assessment in Vietnam using support vector machines, decision tree, and Naive Bayes Models
  publication-title: Math. Probl Eng.
– volume: 105
  start-page: 473
  year: 2015
  end-page: 495
  ident: bib106
  article-title: Unequal vulnerability to flood hazards: “ground Truthing” a social vulnerability index of five municipalities in Metro Vancouver, Canada
  publication-title: Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr.
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1
  year: 2017
  end-page: 92
  ident: bib136
  article-title: Robust support vector regression model in the presence of outliers and leverage points
  publication-title: Mod. Appl. Sci.
– volume: 360
  start-page: 1511
  year: 2002
  end-page: 1525
  ident: bib13
  article-title: Vulnerability to flooding: health and social dimensions
  publication-title: Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
– year: 2000
  ident: bib92
  article-title: Study of Main Drainage Channels of Victoria and Ikoyi Islands in Lagos Nigeria and their Response to Tidal and Sea Level Changes
– year: 2015
  ident: bib130
  article-title: Efficient Learning Machines: Theories, Concepts, and Applications for Engineers and System Designers
– start-page: 97
  year: 2014
  end-page: 112
  ident: bib24
  article-title: Assessing social vulnerability
  publication-title: Planning for Community Resilience: A Handbook for Reducing Vulnerability to Disasters
– start-page: 928
  year: 2005
  end-page: 933
  ident: bib140
  article-title: Customer churning prediction using support vector machines in online auto insurance service
  publication-title: International Symposium on Neural Networks
– volume: 4
  start-page: 58
  year: 2013
  end-page: 79
  ident: bib162
  article-title: Social vulnerability to coastal and inland flood hazards: a comparison of GIS-based spatial interpolation methods
  publication-title: Int. J. Appl. Geospatial Res. (IJAGR)
– volume: 239
  start-page: 325
  year: 1997
  end-page: 330
  ident: bib93
  article-title: Managing the impacts of storm surges on Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria
  publication-title: IAHS Publications-Series of Proceedings and Reports-Intern Assoc Hydrological Sciences
– volume: 1
  start-page: 14
  year: 2017
  end-page: 28
  ident: bib5
  article-title: Groins or not: some environmental challenges to urban development on a Lagos coastal barrier island of Lekki Peninsula
  publication-title: J Construct Business Manag
– volume: 9
  start-page: 3495
  year: 2019
  ident: bib80
  article-title: Sevucas: a novel gis-based machine learning software for seismic vulnerability assessment
  publication-title: Appl. Sci.
– volume: 25
  year: 2022
  ident: bib52
  article-title: The challenges of dynamic vulnerability and how to assess it
  publication-title: iScience
– volume: 8
  year: 2011
  ident: bib160
  article-title: A social vulnerability index for disaster management
  publication-title: J. Homel. Secur. Emerg. Manag.
– volume: 30
  start-page: 3050
  year: 2011
  end-page: 3056
  ident: bib121
  article-title: Bayesian information criterion for longitudinal and clustered data
  publication-title: Stat. Med.
– volume: 63
  start-page: 349
  year: 2012
  end-page: 373
  ident: bib163
  article-title: The vulnerability of the elderly to hurricane hazards in Sarasota, Florida
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
– volume: 9
  start-page: 393
  year: 2009
  end-page: 403
  ident: bib165
  article-title: Validation of a social vulnerability index in context to river-floods in Germany
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.
– start-page: 1
  year: 2024
  end-page: 24
  ident: bib61
  article-title: Social vulnerability score: a scalable index for representing social vulnerability in virtual community resilience testbeds
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
– volume: 19
  start-page: 859
  year: 2022
  end-page: 878
  ident: bib156
  article-title: The role of socio-economic and property variables in the establishment of flood depth-damage curve for the data-scarce area in Malaysia
  publication-title: Urban Water J.
– start-page: 427
  year: 2022
  end-page: 432
  ident: bib147
  article-title: Analysis of DNA sequence classification using SVM model with hyperparameter tuning grid search CV
  publication-title: 2022 IEEE International Conference on Cybernetics and Computational Intelligence (Cyberneticscom)
– volume: 24
  start-page: 119
  year: 2017
  end-page: 128
  ident: bib42
  article-title: Prioritization of flood vulnerability, coping capacity and exposure indicators through the Delphi technique: a case study in Taquari-Antas basin, Brazil
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
– start-page: 16081
  year: 2023
  end-page: 16105
  ident: bib133
  article-title: Flood vulnerability mapping and urban sprawl suitability using FR , LR , and SVM models
  publication-title: Environ. Sci. Pollut. Control Ser.
– volume: 47
  start-page: 325
  year: 2000
  end-page: 352
  ident: bib166
  publication-title: Theory and Practice in Assessing Vulnerability to Climate Change and Facilitating Adaptation. Climatic Change
– volume: 28
  start-page: 1099
  year: 2008
  end-page: 1114
  ident: bib64
  article-title: A sensitivity analysis of the social vulnerability index
  publication-title: Risk Anal.
– volume: 12
  year: 2022
  ident: bib74
  article-title: Machine learning in project analytics: a data-driven framework and case study
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.
– start-page: 163
  year: 2008
  ident: bib14
  article-title: Institutional and social responses to flooding from a resilience perspective
  publication-title: Flood Risk Management: Research and Practice
– volume: 9
  start-page: 73
  year: 2020
  ident: bib79
  article-title: Machine learning approach for flood risks prediction
  publication-title: IAES Int. J. Artif. Intell.
– volume: 630
  start-page: 903
  year: 2018
  end-page: 912
  ident: bib102
  article-title: Vulnerability assessment including tangible and intangible components in the index composition: an Amazon case study of flooding and flash flooding
  publication-title: Sci. Total Environ.
– volume: 803
  year: 2022
  ident: bib37
  article-title: Understanding human vulnerability to climate change: a global perspective on index validation for adaptation planning
  publication-title: Sci. Total Environ.
– volume: 151
  start-page: 1
  year: 2020
  end-page: 31
  ident: bib128
  article-title: Measuring vulnerability to poverty with latent transition analysis
  publication-title: Soc. Indic. Res.
– volume: 16
  start-page: 225
  year: 2005
  end-page: 236
  ident: bib141
  article-title: Data classification with radial basis function networks based on a novel kernel density estimation algorithm
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Neural Network.
– volume: 188
  year: 2020
  ident: bib4
  article-title: An indicator-based approach to assess social vulnerability of coastal areas to sea-level rise and flooding: a case study of Bandar Abbas city, Iran
  publication-title: Ocean and Coastal Management Journal
– volume: 12
  start-page: 205
  year: 2019
  ident: bib81
  article-title: Risk assessment and its visualization of power tower under typhoon disaster based on machine learning algorithms
  publication-title: Energies
– volume: 48
  year: 2020
  ident: bib18
  article-title: Evaluating implications of flood vulnerability factors with respect to income levels for building long-term disaster resilience of low-income communities
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
– year: 2015
  ident: bib119
  article-title: Advancing quantitative methods in second language research
  publication-title: Advancing Quantitative Methods in Second Language Research
– year: 2020
  ident: bib158
  article-title: Interpretable Machine Learning
– volume: 1
  start-page: 30
  year: 2024
  end-page: 34
  ident: bib169
  article-title: Quantum support vector regression for predicting corrosion inhibition of drugs
  publication-title: J Multiscale Mater Informatics
– volume: 157
  year: 2023
  ident: bib70
  article-title: Social and environmental vulnerability to flooding: investigating cross-scale hypotheses
  publication-title: Appl. Geogr.
– volume: 2
  start-page: 121
  year: 1998
  end-page: 167
  ident: bib131
  article-title: A tutorial on support vector machines for pattern recognition
  publication-title: Data Min. Knowl. Discov.
– volume: 300
  year: 2021
  ident: bib154
  article-title: Measurement and analysis of regional flood disaster resilience based on a support vector regression model refined by the selfish herd optimizer with elite opposition-based learning
  publication-title: J. Environ. Manag.
– volume: 51
  start-page: 440
  year: 2019
  end-page: 450
  ident: bib122
  article-title: Value of sample size for computation of the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) in multilevel modeling
  publication-title: Behav. Res. Methods
– volume: 67
  start-page: 193
  year: 2013
  end-page: 211
  ident: bib36
  article-title: Framing vulnerability, risk and societal responses: the MOVE framework
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
– volume: 28
  start-page: 688
  year: 2018
  end-page: 700
  ident: bib157
  article-title: Establishment of flood damage function models: a case study in the Bago River Basin, Myanmar
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
– volume: 106
  start-page: 435
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib109
  article-title: Flood exposure and social vulnerability in the United States
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
  doi: 10.1007/s11069-020-04470-2
– volume: 7
  start-page: 8009
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib20
  article-title: ‘Pieces of kit’are not enough: the role of infrastructure in community resilience
  publication-title: E3S Web of Conferences
  doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/20160708009
– volume: 360
  start-page: 1511
  issue: 1796
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib13
  article-title: Vulnerability to flooding: health and social dimensions
  publication-title: Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
  doi: 10.1098/rsta.2002.1013
– volume: 17
  start-page: 1045
  issue: 6
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib161
  article-title: No title
  publication-title: Water Policy
  doi: 10.2166/wp.2015.089
– volume: 4
  issue: 2
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib100
  article-title: Flood-risk insurance in flood-prone areas of Nigerian cities: a case study of Agiliti, Ketu, Lagos
  publication-title: African J Housing Sustain Development
  doi: 10.52968/28464359
– volume: 4
  start-page: 58
  issue: 3
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib162
  article-title: Social vulnerability to coastal and inland flood hazards: a comparison of GIS-based spatial interpolation methods
  publication-title: Int. J. Appl. Geospatial Res. (IJAGR)
  doi: 10.4018/jagr.2013070104
– volume: 500
  start-page: 1
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib137
  article-title: Extended least squares LS–SVM
  publication-title: Training
– start-page: 199
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib146
– volume: 117
  start-page: 3067
  issue: 3
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib22
  article-title: Social vulnerability in Chile: challenges for multi-scale analysis and disaster risk reduction
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
  doi: 10.1007/s11069-023-05978-z
– volume: 49
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib59
  article-title: Developing a multi-facet social vulnerability measure for flood disasters at the micro-level assessment
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101679
– volume: 3
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib168
  article-title: The role of collective action in enhancing communities' adaptive capacity to environmental risk: an exploration of two case studies from Asia
  publication-title: PLoS Currents
  doi: 10.1371/currents.RRN1279
– year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib130
– volume: 16
  start-page: 293
  issue: 3
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib39
  article-title: Linkages between vulnerability, resilience, and adaptive capacity
  publication-title: Glob. Environ. Change
  doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.02.004
– volume: 67
  start-page: 193
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib36
  article-title: Framing vulnerability, risk and societal responses: the MOVE framework
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
  doi: 10.1007/s11069-013-0558-5
– year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib50
  publication-title: 59 International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction
– volume: 163
  start-page: 2029
  issue: 4
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib67
  article-title: Who is vulnerable and who is resilient to coastal flooding? Lessons from Hurricane Sandy in New York City
  publication-title: Clim. Change
  doi: 10.1007/s10584-020-02896-y
– volume: 213
  start-page: 425
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib9
  article-title: Assessing influences on social vulnerability to wildfire using surveys, spatial data and wildfire simulations
  publication-title: J. Environ. Manag.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.02.068
– start-page: 16081
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib133
  article-title: Flood vulnerability mapping and urban sprawl suitability using FR , LR , and SVM models
  publication-title: Environ. Sci. Pollut. Control Ser.
– volume: 12
  issue: 9
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib2
  article-title: Coastal flooding risk assessment using a GIS-based spatial multi-criteria decision analysis approach
  publication-title: Water (Switzerland)
– volume: 22
  start-page: 219
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib38
  article-title: Social vulnerability indicators in disasters: findings from a systematic review
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2016.09.006
– start-page: 231
  year: 1988
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib87
  article-title: Shoreline erosion and land use management on the active sand barrier beaches around Lagos: a new focus in environmental management in Sada, PO & FO Odemerho
  publication-title: Environmental Issues and Management in Nigerian Development. Evans Brothers, Ibadan
– start-page: 61
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib125
  article-title: Probabilistic models for clustering
– volume: 24
  start-page: 119
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib42
  article-title: Prioritization of flood vulnerability, coping capacity and exposure indicators through the Delphi technique: a case study in Taquari-Antas basin, Brazil
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.05.027
– volume: 36
  start-page: 233
  issue: 3
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib97
  article-title: Recent sedimentology and ocean dynamics of the Western Nigerian continental shelf and coastline
  publication-title: J. Afr. Earth Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/S0899-5362(02)00153-7
– volume: 15
  start-page: 681
  issue: 4
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib151
  article-title: Remote sensing estimation of forest carbon stock based on machine learning algorithms
  publication-title: Forests
  doi: 10.3390/f15040681
– volume: 5
  start-page: 1917
  issue: 4
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib114
  article-title: Application of flood vulnerability index in flood vulnerability assessment: a case study in Mai Hoa Commune, Tuyen Hoa District, Quang Binh Province
  publication-title: Sustain Water Resou Manag
  doi: 10.1007/s40899-019-00337-y
– volume: 121
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib48
  article-title: Geophysical and social vulnerability to floods at municipal scale under climate change: the case of an inner-city suburb of Sydney
  publication-title: Ecol. Indic.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106988
– volume: 4
  start-page: 179
  issue: 2
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib99
  article-title: An overview of humanitarian relief supply chains for victims of perennial flood disasters in Lagos, Nigeria (2010-2012)
  publication-title: J. Humanit. Logist. Supply Chain Manag.
  doi: 10.1108/JHLSCM-01-2014-0004
– volume: 25
  start-page: 248
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib72
  article-title: Applying a systems-thinking approach to community resilience analysis using rural livelihoods: the case of Muzarabani district, Zimbabwe
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.09.008
– volume: 6
  start-page: 135
  issue: 1
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib164
– volume: 20
  start-page: 3
  issue: 1_suppl
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib17
  article-title: Beyond ‘vulnerable groups’: contexts and dynamics of vulnerability
  publication-title: Global Health Promotion
  doi: 10.1177/1757975912470062
– year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib111
– year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib54
– start-page: 1
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib61
  article-title: Social vulnerability score: a scalable index for representing social vulnerability in virtual community resilience testbeds
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
– volume: 40
  start-page: 413
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib85
  article-title: Examining the relationship between wetland alteration and watershed flooding in Texas and Florida
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
  doi: 10.1007/s11069-006-9003-3
– volume: 5
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib66
  article-title: Determinants of the lethality of climate-related disasters in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM): a cross-country analysis
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.
  doi: 10.1038/srep11972
– volume: 300
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib154
  article-title: Measurement and analysis of regional flood disaster resilience based on a support vector regression model refined by the selfish herd optimizer with elite opposition-based learning
  publication-title: J. Environ. Manag.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113764
– volume: 7
  start-page: 123
  issue: 4
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib10
  article-title: Flood risk assessment in urban areas based on spatial analytics and social factors
  publication-title: Geosciences
  doi: 10.3390/geosciences7040123
– volume: 28
  start-page: 1099
  issue: 4
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib64
  article-title: A sensitivity analysis of the social vulnerability index
  publication-title: Risk Anal.
  doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2008.01072.x
– volume: 157
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib70
  article-title: Social and environmental vulnerability to flooding: investigating cross-scale hypotheses
  publication-title: Appl. Geogr.
  doi: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2023.103017
– volume: 6
  start-page: 305
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib8
  article-title: An integrative research framework to unravel the interplay of natural hazards and vulnerabilities
  publication-title: Earths Future
  doi: 10.1002/2017EF000764
– ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib94
– volume: 15
  start-page: 3408
  issue: 19
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib127
  article-title: Measuring social vulnerability to climate change at the coast: embracing complexity and context for more accurate and equitable analysis
  publication-title: Water
  doi: 10.3390/w15193408
– volume: 5
  start-page: 218
  issue: 2
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib83
  article-title: Journal of sustainable development studies comparative study of rental values of two gated estates in Lekki peninsula Lagos
– volume: 7
  start-page: 36
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib15
  article-title: Societal impacts and vulnerability to floods in Bangladesh and Nepal
  publication-title: Weather Clim. Extrem.
  doi: 10.1016/j.wace.2014.11.001
– volume: 12
  start-page: 48
  issue: 1
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib96
  article-title: Climate change impacts on coastal urban settlements in Nigeria
  publication-title: Interdiscipl. Environ. Rev.
  doi: 10.1504/IER.2011.038879
– volume: 14
  issue: 16
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib113
  article-title: Social, economic, environmental, and physical vulnerability assessment: an index-based gender analysis of flood prone areas of Koshi River Basin in Nepal
  publication-title: Sustainability Article
– year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib35
– volume: 15
  start-page: 107
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib25
  article-title: Neighbourhood sustainability assessment model for developing countries: a comprehensive approach to urban quality of life
  publication-title: Int. J. Sustain. Dev. Plann.
  doi: 10.2495/SDP-V15-N1-107-123
– volume: 110
  start-page: 48
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib88
  article-title: Response of the Bight of Benin (Gulf of Guinea, West Africa) coastline to anthropogenic and natural forcing, Part1: wave climate variability and impacts on the longshore sediment transport
  publication-title: Cont. Shelf Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.csr.2015.09.020
– volume: 7
  issue: 1
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib104
  article-title: Modelling social vulnerability in sub-saharan West Africa using a geographical information system
  publication-title: Jamba -J Disaster Risk Studies
– volume: 64
  start-page: 73
  issue: 1
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib16
  article-title: A flood vulnerability index for coastal cities and its use in assessing climate change impacts
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
  doi: 10.1007/s11069-012-0234-1
– volume: 58
  start-page: 13
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib45
  article-title: Indicators and their use: information for decision-making
  publication-title: Scope-Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment International Council of Scientific Unions
– volume: 46
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib65
  article-title: A GIS-based approach for assessing social vulnerability to flood and debris flow hazards
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101531
– volume: 18
  start-page: 598
  issue: 4
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib32
  article-title: A place-based model for understanding community resilience to natural disasters
  publication-title: Glob. Environ. Change
  doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.07.013
– volume: 590
  issue: July
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib75
  article-title: Flood susceptibility mapping with machine learning, multi-criteria decision analysis and ensemble using Dempster Shafer Theory
  publication-title: J. Hydrol.
– volume: 9
  start-page: 73
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib79
  article-title: Machine learning approach for flood risks prediction
  publication-title: IAES Int. J. Artif. Intell.
  doi: 10.11591/ijai.v9.i1.pp73-80
– volume: 43
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib103
  article-title: A place-based socioeconomic status index: measuring social vulnerability to flood hazards in the context of environmental justice
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101394
– start-page: 163
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib14
  article-title: Institutional and social responses to flooding from a resilience perspective
– volume: 19
  start-page: 859
  issue: 8
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib156
  article-title: The role of socio-economic and property variables in the establishment of flood depth-damage curve for the data-scarce area in Malaysia
  publication-title: Urban Water J.
  doi: 10.1080/1573062X.2022.2099292
– volume: 15
  issue: 1
  year: 2025
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib150
  article-title: Hyper‐parameter optimization of kernel functions on multi‐class text categorization: a comparative evaluation
  publication-title: Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Data Min. Knowl. Discov.
– volume: 12
  start-page: 205
  issue: 2
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib81
  article-title: Risk assessment and its visualization of power tower under typhoon disaster based on machine learning algorithms
  publication-title: Energies
  doi: 10.3390/en12020205
– start-page: 24
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib143
  article-title: A study on support vector machine based linear and non-linear pattern classification
– volume: 8
  start-page: 1080
  issue: 2
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib78
  article-title: Ensemble machine-learning-based geospatial approach for flood risk assessment using multi-sensor remote-sensing data and GIS
  publication-title: Geomat. Nat. Hazards Risk
  doi: 10.1080/19475705.2017.1294113
– year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib126
– volume: 31
  start-page: 179
  issue: 4
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib116
  article-title: Disaster disparities and differential recovery in New Orleans
  publication-title: Popul. Environ.
  doi: 10.1007/s11111-009-0099-8
– volume: 198
  start-page: 958
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib19
  article-title: An integrative perspective on community vulnerability to flooding in cities of developing countries
  publication-title: Procedia Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2017.07.141
– volume: 2
  start-page: 121
  issue: 2
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib131
  article-title: A tutorial on support vector machines for pattern recognition
  publication-title: Data Min. Knowl. Discov.
  doi: 10.1023/A:1009715923555
– volume: 79
  start-page: 1481
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib21
  article-title: Dynamic vulnerability factors for impact-based flash flood prediction
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
  doi: 10.1007/s11069-015-1910-8
– volume: 803
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib37
  article-title: Understanding human vulnerability to climate change: a global perspective on index validation for adaptation planning
  publication-title: Sci. Total Environ.
  doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150065
– volume: 12
  issue: 3
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib76
  article-title: Flood susceptibility modelling using advanced ensemble machine learning models
  publication-title: Geosci. Front.
– volume: 249
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib115
  article-title: A multi-objective framework for multidimensional vulnerability assessment – case of a coastal district of West Bengal, India
  publication-title: J. Environ. Manag.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109411
– volume: 27
  start-page: 60
  issue: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib68
  article-title: Rented, crowded, and unaffordable? Social vulnerabilities and the accumulation of precarious housing conditions in Los Angeles
  publication-title: Housing Policy Debate
  doi: 10.1080/10511482.2016.1164738
– year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib148
– start-page: 6397
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib139
  article-title: A new mercer sigmoid kernel for clinical data classification
– volume: 32
  start-page: 106
  issue: 139
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib49
  article-title: Strong State or vulnerable homeland: how Chinese State media sought to combat democratic diffusion during the 2019 Hong Kong protests
  publication-title: J. Contemp. China
  doi: 10.1080/10670564.2022.2052442
– start-page: 55
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib44
  article-title: Indicators and criteria for measuring vulnerability: theoretical bases and requirements
  publication-title: Measuring Vulnerability to Natural Hazards: Towards Disaster Resilient Societies
– volume: 36
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib58
  article-title: Assessing relationship between vulnerability and capacity: an empirical study on rural flooding in Pakistan
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101109
– volume: 1
  start-page: 561
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib91
  article-title: On marine winds, waves and swells over West African coast for effective coastal management-a case study of Victoria Island beach in Nigeria
  publication-title: OCEANS’02 MTS/IEEE
  doi: 10.1109/OCEANS.2002.1193329
– volume: 35
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib60
  article-title: An integrated assessment of vulnerability to floods using composite index – a district level analysis for Bihar, India
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101074
– year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib129
– volume: 20
  start-page: 273
  year: 1995
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib145
  article-title: Support-vector networks
  publication-title: Mach. Learn.
  doi: 10.1023/A:1022627411411
– volume: vol. 260
  start-page: 566
  year: 1976
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib26
– volume: 14
  start-page: 156
  issue: 2
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib112
  article-title: Mapping social vulnerability to flood hazard in Norfolk, England
  publication-title: Environ. Hazards
  doi: 10.1080/17477891.2015.1028018
– volume: 80
  start-page: 445
  issue: 1
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib1
  article-title: Flood risk perception in flood-affected communities in Lagos, Nigeria
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
  doi: 10.1007/s11069-015-1977-2
– volume: 22
  start-page: 433
  issue: 2
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib95
  article-title: Vulnerability of poor urban coastal communities to flooding in Lagos, Nigeria
  publication-title: Environ. Urbanization
  doi: 10.1177/0956247810380141
– volume: 30
  start-page: 3050
  issue: 25
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib121
  article-title: Bayesian information criterion for longitudinal and clustered data
  publication-title: Stat. Med.
  doi: 10.1002/sim.4323
– volume: 51
  start-page: 440
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib122
  article-title: Value of sample size for computation of the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) in multilevel modeling
  publication-title: Behav. Res. Methods
  doi: 10.3758/s13428-018-1188-3
– volume: 101
  start-page: 72
  issue: 1
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib73
  article-title: Analysing drivers of vulnerability to flooding: a systems approach
  publication-title: S. Afr. Geogr. J.
  doi: 10.1080/03736245.2018.1541020
– volume: 39
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 1977
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib123
  article-title: Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm
  publication-title: J. Roy. Stat. Soc. B
  doi: 10.1111/j.2517-6161.1977.tb01600.x
– volume: 48
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib18
  article-title: Evaluating implications of flood vulnerability factors with respect to income levels for building long-term disaster resilience of low-income communities
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101608
– volume: 52
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib27
  article-title: Terminology of natural hazards and disasters: a review and the case of Brazil
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101970
– start-page: 427
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib147
  article-title: Analysis of DNA sequence classification using SVM model with hyperparameter tuning grid search CV
– volume: 1
  start-page: 30
  issue: 2
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib169
  article-title: Quantum support vector regression for predicting corrosion inhibition of drugs
  publication-title: J Multiscale Mater Informatics
  doi: 10.62411/jimat.v1i2.11427
– volume: 56
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib47
  article-title: Evaluating social vulnerability of people inhabiting a tropical coast in Kerala, south west coast of India
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102130
– year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib63
– volume: 851
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib77
  article-title: A novel flood risk mapping approach with machine learning considering geomorphic and socio-economic vulnerability dimensions
  publication-title: Sci. Total Environ.
  doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158002
– volume: 9
  start-page: 3495
  issue: 17
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib80
  article-title: Sevucas: a novel gis-based machine learning software for seismic vulnerability assessment
  publication-title: Appl. Sci.
  doi: 10.3390/app9173495
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1519
  issue: 4
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib135
  article-title: High-dimensional pattern regression using machine learning: from medical images to continuous clinical variables
  publication-title: Neuroimage
  doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.12.092
– volume: 630
  start-page: 903
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib102
  article-title: Vulnerability assessment including tangible and intangible components in the index composition: an Amazon case study of flooding and flash flooding
  publication-title: Sci. Total Environ.
  doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.271
– volume: 12
  issue: 1
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib74
  article-title: Machine learning in project analytics: a data-driven framework and case study
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-19728-x
– volume: 84
  start-page: 242
  issue: 2
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib28
  article-title: Social vulnerability to environmental hazards
  publication-title: Soc. Sci. Q.
  doi: 10.1111/1540-6237.8402002
– year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib158
– volume: 210
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib69
  article-title: Exploring spatial heterogeneity and environmental injustices in exposure to flood hazards using geographically weighted regression
  publication-title: Environ. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112982
– start-page: 65
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib31
  article-title: Determinants of risk: exposure and vulnerability
– volume: 188
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib4
  article-title: An indicator-based approach to assess social vulnerability of coastal areas to sea-level rise and flooding: a case study of Bandar Abbas city, Iran
  publication-title: Ocean and Coastal Management Journal
– ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib159
– year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib53
– volume: 46
  start-page: 102
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib12
  article-title: Environmental vulnerability and resilience: social differentiation in short- and long-term flood impacts
  publication-title: Trans. Inst. Br. Geogr.
  doi: 10.1111/tran.12408
– volume: 118
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib43
  article-title: The effect of spatial proximity to cities on rural vulnerability against flooding: an indicator based approach
  publication-title: Ecol. Indic.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106704
– volume: 23
  start-page: 395
  issue: 4
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib57
  article-title: Vulnerability to flood-induced public health risks in Sudan
  publication-title: Disaster Prev. Manag.
  doi: 10.1108/DPM-07-2013-0112
– year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib98
– volume: 47
  start-page: 325
  issue: 325 – 352–47
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib166
  publication-title: Theory and Practice in Assessing Vulnerability to Climate Change and Facilitating Adaptation. Climatic Change
– volume: 239
  start-page: 325
  issue: 239
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib93
  article-title: Managing the impacts of storm surges on Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria
  publication-title: IAHS Publications-Series of Proceedings and Reports-Intern Assoc Hydrological Sciences
– volume: 97
  start-page: 355
  issue: 1
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib23
  article-title: A methodology for urban micro-scale coastal flood vulnerability and risk assessment and mapping
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
  doi: 10.1007/s11069-019-03648-7
– year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib33
– volume: vol 122
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib41
– ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib108
– volume: 173
  start-page: 93
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib89
  article-title: Response of the Bight of Benin (Gulf of Guinea, West Africa) coastline to anthropogenic and natural forcing, part 2: sources and patterns of sediment supply, sediment cells, and recent shoreline change
  publication-title: Cont. Shelf Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.csr.2018.12.006
– year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib119
  article-title: Advancing quantitative methods in second language research
– volume: 921
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib105
  article-title: Relevant indicators of social vulnerability during response phase context of flooding inTebingTinggi City, North Sumatra Indonesia
  publication-title: IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci.
  doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/921/1/012015
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1
  issue: 8
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib136
  article-title: Robust support vector regression model in the presence of outliers and leverage points
  publication-title: Mod. Appl. Sci.
  doi: 10.5539/mas.v11n8p92
– volume: 56
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib3
  article-title: A comprehensive spatial analysis of social vulnerability to natural hazards in Zimbabwe: driving factors and policy implications
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102139
– volume: 10
  issue: 1
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib118
  article-title: Near-optimal quantum kernel principal component analysis
  publication-title: Quantum Sci. Technol.
  doi: 10.1088/2058-9565/ad9176
– volume: 28
  start-page: 688
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib157
  article-title: Establishment of flood damage function models: a case study in the Bago River Basin, Myanmar
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.01.030
– volume: 14
  start-page: 470
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib46
  article-title: Social vulnerability to floods: review of case studies and implications for measurement
  publication-title: Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.09.013
– start-page: 111
  year: 1980
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib84
– volume: 9
  start-page: 393
  issue: 2
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib165
  article-title: Validation of a social vulnerability index in context to river-floods in Germany
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.
  doi: 10.5194/nhess-9-393-2009
– ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib71
– volume: 8
  start-page: 459
  issue: 6
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib134
  article-title: An assessment of artificial neural networks, support vector machines and decision trees for land cover classification using sentinel-2A data
  publication-title: Sciences
– volume: 14
  issue: 1
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib132
  article-title: Seismic vulnerability and risk assessment at the urban scale using support vector machine and GIScience technology : a case study of the Lixia District in Jinan City , China
  publication-title: Geomat. Nat. Hazards Risk
  doi: 10.1080/19475705.2023.2173663
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1
  issue: 2
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib117
  article-title: An assessment of flood vulnerability and adaptation: a case study of Hamutsha-Muungamunwe village, Makhado municipality
  publication-title: Jàmbá: J Disaster Risk Studies
  doi: 10.4102/jamba.v11i2.692
– volume: 26
  start-page: 225
  issue: 3
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib124
  article-title: Brain image segmentation using a combination of expectation‐maximization algorithm and watershed transform
  publication-title: Int. J. Imag. Syst. Technol.
  doi: 10.1002/ima.22181
– volume: 140
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib62
  article-title: Spatial analysis of social vulnerability in São Paulo city, Brazil
  publication-title: Appl. Geogr.
  doi: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2022.102653
– volume: 1
  start-page: 244
  issue: 2
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib6
  article-title: Flood vulnerability mapping of Lagos Island and Eti-Osa local government areas using a multi-criteria decision making approach
  publication-title: Nigerian J Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.36263/nijest.2017.02.0011
– year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib92
– volume: 16
  start-page: 268
  issue: 3
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib34
  article-title: Vulnerability
  publication-title: Glob. Environ. Change
  doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.02.006
– volume: 9
  start-page: 643
  issue: 4
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib152
  article-title: Impact of texture information on crop classification with machine learning and UAV images
  publication-title: Appl. Sci.
  doi: 10.3390/app9040643
– volume: 16
  start-page: 2577
  issue: 12
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib155
  article-title: INSYDE: a synthetic, probabilistic flood damage model based on explicit cost analysis
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.
  doi: 10.5194/nhess-16-2577-2016
– start-page: 928
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib140
  article-title: Customer churning prediction using support vector machines in online auto insurance service
  publication-title: International Symposium on Neural Networks
– start-page: 80
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib40
  article-title: Data, indicators and criteria for measuring vulnerability: theoretical bases and requirements
  publication-title: Measuring Vulnerability to Natural Hazards: Towards Disaster Resilient Societies
– volume: 1
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib30
  article-title: The social contours of risk: publics
  publication-title: Risk Communication and the Social Amplification of Risk
– volume: 16
  start-page: 225
  issue: 1
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib141
  article-title: Data classification with radial basis function networks based on a novel kernel density estimation algorithm
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Neural Network.
  doi: 10.1109/TNN.2004.836229
– volume: 109
  start-page: 1131
  issue: 4
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib55
  article-title: How valid are social vulnerability models?
  publication-title: Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr.
– volume: 105
  start-page: 473
  issue: 3
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib106
  article-title: Unequal vulnerability to flood hazards: “ground Truthing” a social vulnerability index of five municipalities in Metro Vancouver, Canada
  publication-title: Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr.
  doi: 10.1080/00045608.2015.1012634
– volume: 25
  issue: 8
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib52
  article-title: The challenges of dynamic vulnerability and how to assess it
  publication-title: iScience
  doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104720
– volume: 7
  start-page: 20
  issue: 1
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib51
  article-title: Risk and vulnerability indicators at different scales: applicability, usefulness and policy implications
  publication-title: Environ. Hazards
  doi: 10.1016/j.envhaz.2007.04.002
– volume: 16
  start-page: 349
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib101
  article-title: Urban flood risk management in the Lagos region of Nigeria
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.
  doi: 10.5194/nhess-16-349-2016
– volume: 63
  start-page: 349
  issue: 2
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib163
  article-title: The vulnerability of the elderly to hurricane hazards in Sarasota, Florida
  publication-title: Nat. Hazards
  doi: 10.1007/s11069-012-0151-3
– volume: 3
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib167
  article-title: The unequal impact of disasters: assessing the interplay between social vulnerability, public assistance, flood insurance, and migration in the US
  publication-title: Urban Informatics
  doi: 10.1007/s44212-024-00061-9
– volume: 47
  start-page: 325
  issue: 4
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib29
  article-title: Theory and practice in assessing vulnerability to climate change andFacilitating adaptation
  publication-title: Clim. Change
  doi: 10.1023/A:1005627828199
– volume: 56
  start-page: 927
  issue: 5
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib82
  article-title: Delineation of saltwater intrusion into the freshwater aquifer of Lekki Peninsula, Lagos, Nigeria
  publication-title: Environ. Geol.
  doi: 10.1007/s00254-008-1194-3
– volume: 2012
  issue: 1
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib149
  article-title: Landslide susceptibility assessment in Vietnam using support vector machines, decision tree, and Naive Bayes Models
  publication-title: Math. Probl Eng.
  doi: 10.1155/2012/974638
– volume: 4
  start-page: 199
  issue: 2
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib120
  article-title: The Bayesian information criterion: background, derivation, and applications
  publication-title: Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Comput. Stat.
  doi: 10.1002/wics.199
– volume: 41
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib56
  article-title: Assessment of social vulnerability in Malaga Province, Spain: a comparison of indicator standardization techniques
  publication-title: Revista de Estudios Andaluces
– volume: 194
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib90
  article-title: Nearly five decades of changing shoreline mobility along the densely developed Lagos barrier-lagoon coast of Nigeria: a remote sensing approach
  publication-title: J. Afr. Earth Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2022.104628
– volume: 1
  start-page: 14
  issue: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib5
  article-title: Groins or not: some environmental challenges to urban development on a Lagos coastal barrier island of Lekki Peninsula
  publication-title: J Construct Business Manag
  doi: 10.15641/jcbm.1.1.76
– volume: 151
  start-page: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib128
  article-title: Measuring vulnerability to poverty with latent transition analysis
  publication-title: Soc. Indic. Res.
  doi: 10.1007/s11205-020-02362-3
– volume: 8
  issue: 1
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib160
  article-title: A social vulnerability index for disaster management
  publication-title: J. Homel. Secur. Emerg. Manag.
– volume: 3
  start-page: 16
  issue: 1–32
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib142
  article-title: A study on sigmoid kernels for SVM and the training of non-PSD kernels by SMO-type methods
  publication-title: Neural Comput.
– volume: 12
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib86
  article-title: Flood risks to urban development on a coastal barrier landscape of Lekki Peninsula in Lagos, Nigeria
  publication-title: Sci. Afr.
– volume: 74
  start-page: 2526
  issue: 16
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib138
  article-title: Parameter-insensitive kernel in extreme learning for non-linear support vector regression
  publication-title: Neurocomputing
  doi: 10.1016/j.neucom.2010.11.037
– year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib7
– start-page: 97
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib24
  article-title: Assessing social vulnerability
  publication-title: Planning for Community Resilience: A Handbook for Reducing Vulnerability to Disasters
  doi: 10.5822/978-1-61091-586-1_6
– volume: 13
  issue: 5
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib107
  article-title: Is a clean river fun for all? Recognizing social vulnerability in watershed planning
  publication-title: PLoS One
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196416
– start-page: 1
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693_bib144
  article-title: Comparative analysis of the performance of various support vector machine kernels
SSID ssj0000866288
Score 2.344619
Snippet Coastal flooding disproportionately impacts households based on pre-existing vulnerability characteristics. Identifying these vulnerabilities is critical for...
SourceID crossref
elsevier
SourceType Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 105693
SubjectTerms Expectation maximization algorithm
Permutation feature importance
Support vector regression
Vulnerability indicators
Title Identifying social vulnerability profiles for coastal flood using supervised and unsupervised machine learning: A case study of Lekki Peninsula, Lagos, Nigeria
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105693
Volume 127
WOSCitedRecordID wos001536802200001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVESC
  databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2212-4209
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000866288
  issn: 2212-4209
  databaseCode: AIEXJ
  dateStart: 20121001
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com
  providerName: Elsevier
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9NAEF7alAMXxFMUCpoD4pK4stdvbhEqAg5RD4XmZq3X68hJakfOQ-2v4a8y-_AjtKrogYsVrZKN5fkyMzv55htCPjqUxoHDfcvhlFle7HlW6uMpJfUlfAIuVb7UsIlwMomm0_j84PBR0wuzW4ZlGV1fx6v_ampcQ2PL1tkHmLvdFBfwNRodr2h2vP6T4XXrrW5fMhXx3XYpxaUVD_ZmaMZ0KyGGIa_YWvZD5pLAPtyqysF6u5IeZC2UjOtwW_YWrhT5UjTTJma6s51jLNRKteo_B7FYFMNzUSqiO9Pt1zPN55sUM8NsbnPi_aJkT8oiK9ZM6jho_nstRWb7tIHxQko9zqsbXZPNBD7XNsj8KthOSofqgm0nodCGAlki2Oia-LKjtF7ilu28-Y7vb8oi1G95X8Z7UozJlkdt7Y_FHWuN-9faBMaBY7oZ6JGNt2KLLnPMT4t5VkslWeqfdu_eV_L-K8K2vMeGUjdP1CaJ3CTRmxySIxr6cTQgR-PvZ9MfbaEQz5xyJLQcktjcfqOepXiKt27n7gyrlzVdPCNPzXEHxhqmz8mBKF-QE90TDpdimbNawCdoFqp68ZL87iEYNIJhD8HQIBgQwWAQDArBoBAMHWABEQx9BINBMDQI_gxjkPgFhV-oclD4hRa_I1DoHYHB7ivy8-vZxZdvlpkjYnHXtjeYZvh5FNucO16IGSmLPT-z7SyNqAjCLBAspIL5tpfiaSPNcxqkaRByGjsh8xjNqPuaDMqqFG8IuBnPXcd1PO5yD51cnPkYxLI8Su1UpLl3TEbNs09WWi4mucfoxyRo7JOYjFdnsgmC7r4Pvn3Y97wjT7rfyAkZbOqteE8e892mWNcfDOL-AOX-1J8
linkProvider Elsevier
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Identifying+social+vulnerability+profiles+for+coastal+flood+using+supervised+and+unsupervised+machine+learning%3A+A+case+study+of+Lekki+Peninsula%2C+Lagos%2C+Nigeria&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+disaster+risk+reduction&rft.au=Akindejoye%2C+Adesola&rft.au=Viavattene%2C+Christophe&rft.au=Priest%2C+Sally&rft.au=Windridge%2C+David&rft.date=2025-09-01&rft.issn=2212-4209&rft.eissn=2212-4209&rft.volume=127&rft.spage=105693&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijdrr.2025.105693&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_ijdrr_2025_105693
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2212-4209&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2212-4209&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2212-4209&client=summon