Why and how is Scrum being adapted in practice: A systematic review

Scrum, recognized today as the most popular agile development methodology, has been used in a wide range of settings and for varying purposes, in- and outside of the traditional software development context. The use of Scrum in non-traditional settings and for different needs led to a considerable c...

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Published in:The Journal of systems and software Vol. 183; p. 111110
Main Authors: Hron, Michal, Obwegeser, Nikolaus
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier Inc 01.01.2022
Subjects:
Agile development
Information systems development
Scrum
Systematic literature review
Scrum
Agile development
Systematic literature review
Information systems development
ISSN:0164-1212, 1873-1228
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Abstract Scrum, recognized today as the most popular agile development methodology, has been used in a wide range of settings and for varying purposes, in- and outside of the traditional software development context. The use of Scrum in non-traditional settings and for different needs led to a considerable corpus of academic literature that investigates, presents, and discusses modifications to the original method, aimed to make it fit such novel forms of application. Based on a large-scale review of extant literature, this study systematically analyses why and how Scrum was reportedly modified in different instances and contributes with a synthesis that can serve as a basis for a more systematic approach to future research and practice. We explicate nine common modification objectives for change (e.g., attaining high performance, non-standard contexts, distributed development) mapped against seven generic modification strategies (e.g., method guidance, new procedures, or artifacts). Building on our extensive literature analysis we highlight research gaps and identify promising areas for future research. •Scrum is used in many contexts but overview of its adaptations is missing.•Based on a review of 925 papers, we map why and how Scrum is modified.•We relate modification objectives (why) against modification strategies (how).•The literature lacks cumulative practice, hindering systematic research.•We analyze empirical validity and methodological variety to find research gaps.
AbstractList Scrum, recognized today as the most popular agile development methodology, has been used in a wide range of settings and for varying purposes, in- and outside of the traditional software development context. The use of Scrum in non-traditional settings and for different needs led to a considerable corpus of academic literature that investigates, presents, and discusses modifications to the original method, aimed to make it fit such novel forms of application. Based on a large-scale review of extant literature, this study systematically analyses why and how Scrum was reportedly modified in different instances and contributes with a synthesis that can serve as a basis for a more systematic approach to future research and practice. We explicate nine common modification objectives for change (e.g., attaining high performance, non-standard contexts, distributed development) mapped against seven generic modification strategies (e.g., method guidance, new procedures, or artifacts). Building on our extensive literature analysis we highlight research gaps and identify promising areas for future research. •Scrum is used in many contexts but overview of its adaptations is missing.•Based on a review of 925 papers, we map why and how Scrum is modified.•We relate modification objectives (why) against modification strategies (how).•The literature lacks cumulative practice, hindering systematic research.•We analyze empirical validity and methodological variety to find research gaps.
ArticleNumber 111110
Author Obwegeser, Nikolaus
Hron, Michal
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Michal
  surname: Hron
  fullname: Hron, Michal
  email: hron@mgmt.au.dk
  organization: Aarhus University, Fuglesangs Allé 4, 8210 Aarhus V, Denmark
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Nikolaus
  surname: Obwegeser
  fullname: Obwegeser, Nikolaus
  email: nikolaus.obwegeser@bfh.ch
  organization: Bern University of Applied Sciences, Brückenstr. 73, 3005, Bern, Switzerland
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Agile development
Systematic literature review
Information systems development
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Snippet Scrum, recognized today as the most popular agile development methodology, has been used in a wide range of settings and for varying purposes, in- and outside...
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SubjectTerms Agile development
Information systems development
Scrum
Systematic literature review
Title Why and how is Scrum being adapted in practice: A systematic review
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Volume 183
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