Meta-Meshing and Triangulating Lattice Structures at a Large Scale
Lattice structures have been widely used in applications due to their superior mechanical properties. To fabricate such structures, a geometric processing step called triangulation is often employed to transform them into the STL format before sending them to 3D printers. Because lattice structures...
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| Published in: | Computer aided design Vol. 174; p. 103732 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier Ltd
01.09.2024
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| ISSN: | 0010-4485, 1879-2685 |
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| Abstract | Lattice structures have been widely used in applications due to their superior mechanical properties. To fabricate such structures, a geometric processing step called triangulation is often employed to transform them into the STL format before sending them to 3D printers. Because lattice structures tend to have high geometric complexity, this step usually generates a large amount of triangles, a memory and compute-intensive task. This problem manifests itself clearly through large-scale lattice structures that have millions or billions of struts. To address this problem, this paper proposes to transform a lattice structure into an intermediate model called meta-mesh before undergoing real triangulation. Compared to triangular meshes, meta-meshes are very lightweight and much less compute-demanding. The meta-mesh can also work as a base mesh reusable for conveniently and efficiently triangulating lattice structures with arbitrary resolutions. A CPU+GPU asynchronous meta-meshing pipeline has been developed to efficiently generate meta-meshes from lattice structures. It shifts from the thread-centric GPU algorithm design paradigm commonly used in CAD to the recent warp-centric design paradigm to achieve high performance. This is achieved by a new data compression method, a GPU cache-aware data structure, and a workload-balanced scheduling method that can significantly reduce memory divergence and branch divergence. Experimenting with various billion-scale lattice structures, the proposed method is seen to be two orders of magnitude faster than previously achievable.
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•A meta-mesh representation scheme of lattice structures that is lightweight and reusable to attain multiresolution triangulation.•A warp-centric GPU meta-meshing algorithm that can handle billion-scale lattice structures in minutes.•A CPU+GPU asynchronous meta-meshing pipeline that can hide CPU/GPU data transfer latency and attain high triangulation throughput. |
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| AbstractList | Lattice structures have been widely used in applications due to their superior mechanical properties. To fabricate such structures, a geometric processing step called triangulation is often employed to transform them into the STL format before sending them to 3D printers. Because lattice structures tend to have high geometric complexity, this step usually generates a large amount of triangles, a memory and compute-intensive task. This problem manifests itself clearly through large-scale lattice structures that have millions or billions of struts. To address this problem, this paper proposes to transform a lattice structure into an intermediate model called meta-mesh before undergoing real triangulation. Compared to triangular meshes, meta-meshes are very lightweight and much less compute-demanding. The meta-mesh can also work as a base mesh reusable for conveniently and efficiently triangulating lattice structures with arbitrary resolutions. A CPU+GPU asynchronous meta-meshing pipeline has been developed to efficiently generate meta-meshes from lattice structures. It shifts from the thread-centric GPU algorithm design paradigm commonly used in CAD to the recent warp-centric design paradigm to achieve high performance. This is achieved by a new data compression method, a GPU cache-aware data structure, and a workload-balanced scheduling method that can significantly reduce memory divergence and branch divergence. Experimenting with various billion-scale lattice structures, the proposed method is seen to be two orders of magnitude faster than previously achievable.
[Display omitted]
•A meta-mesh representation scheme of lattice structures that is lightweight and reusable to attain multiresolution triangulation.•A warp-centric GPU meta-meshing algorithm that can handle billion-scale lattice structures in minutes.•A CPU+GPU asynchronous meta-meshing pipeline that can hide CPU/GPU data transfer latency and attain high triangulation throughput. |
| ArticleNumber | 103732 |
| Author | Luo, Guoyue Gao, Yunzhu Chen, Sifan Zou, Qiang |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Qiang surname: Zou fullname: Zou, Qiang email: qiangzou@cad.zju.edu.cn – sequence: 2 givenname: Yunzhu surname: Gao fullname: Gao, Yunzhu – sequence: 3 givenname: Guoyue surname: Luo fullname: Luo, Guoyue – sequence: 4 givenname: Sifan surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Sifan |
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| Keywords | Triangulation Lattice structures Meta-meshing Geometric modeling GPU computing CAD |
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