Quantifying the prevalence of energy poverty across Canada: Estimating domestic energy burden using an expenditures approach
Energy poverty is gaining public attention in Canada. Based on statistical analysis of Statistics Canada's 2016 Survey of Household Spending, we estimate that 7–9% of households spent more than 10% of their income on energy expenditures. Households in the Atlantic provinces faced the most energ...
Saved in:
| Published in: | The Canadian geographer Vol. 66; no. 3; pp. 416 - 433 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Toronto
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.09.2022
|
| Subjects: | |
| ISSN: | 0008-3658, 1541-0064 |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Abstract | Energy poverty is gaining public attention in Canada. Based on statistical analysis of Statistics Canada's 2016 Survey of Household Spending, we estimate that 7–9% of households spent more than 10% of their income on energy expenditures. Households in the Atlantic provinces faced the most energy poverty and highest energy expenditures. Low income, geography, and dwelling conditions were the main predictors of energy poverty. Households in energy poverty also spent approximately five times more on energy expenditures as a proportion of their total expenditures compared to households not in energy poverty. Our study fills a key research gap as a limited number of studies exist on the extent and drivers of energy poverty in Canada. Further, our study's robust quantitative estimates allow benchmarking and comparative research. These estimates lay the groundwork for evidence‐based solutions—and our findings highlight the need to reconsider current policies. Considering the challenge of the ratio of energy costs to income is vital, especially in the aftermath of events such as COVID‐19 or the 2021 heatwave in western Canada, which result in different energy behaviours and needs. More broadly, in the regular day‐to‐day, energy services should be seen as necessary and decision makers ought to consider the energy burden of Canadians.
Key messages
Research on energy poverty in Canada is an understudied area in Canadian scholarship.
Energy poverty is studied by examining the ratio of household energy expenditures to household income.
Households in energy poverty spent more on energy expenditures as a proportion of their total expenditures compared to households not in energy poverty.
La prévalence de la pauvreté énergétique au Canada : L'estimation du poids financier de l'énergie domestique selon l'approche axée sur les dépenses
Le phénomène de pauvreté énergétique attire de plus en plus l'attention au Canada. À partir des données de l'Enquête sur les dépenses des ménages de Statistique Canada (2016), nous estimons qu'entre 7 et 9% des ménages ont engagé plus de 10% de leurs revenus en dépenses énergétiques. Selon nos analyses, les ménages des provinces de l'Atlantique connaissent la plus importante pauvreté énergétique et les dépenses énergétiques les plus élevées. De plus, le faible revenu, la localisation et les conditions de logement sont les principales variables explicatives de la pauvreté énergétique. Finalement, les ménages en situation de pauvreté énergétique ont engagé environ cinq fois plus d'argent en dépenses énergétiques proportionnellement à leurs dépenses totales, si on les compare aux autres ménages. En conséquence, notre étude comble une lacune de la recherche puisqu'il n'existe qu'un nombre limité d'études sur la portée et les facteurs de la pauvreté énergétique au Canada. Par ailleurs, les traitements quantitatifs approfondis de notre enquête permettent de faire un étalonnage et une démarche comparative. Ces résultats jettent les bases de solutions fondées sur des données probantes car nos conclusions mettent également en évidence la nécessité de réexaminer les politiques actuelles. Au final, il est essentiel de reconnaître l'importance du problème du ratio des coûts énergétiques, particulièrement à la suite d'événements tels que la COVID‐19 ou les canicules, lesquels ont eu pour effet de modifier les comportements et les besoins énergétiques. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Energy poverty is gaining public attention in Canada. Based on statistical analysis of Statistics Canada's 2016 Survey of Household Spending, we estimate that 7–9% of households spent more than 10% of their income on energy expenditures. Households in the Atlantic provinces faced the most energy poverty and highest energy expenditures. Low income, geography, and dwelling conditions were the main predictors of energy poverty. Households in energy poverty also spent approximately five times more on energy expenditures as a proportion of their total expenditures compared to households not in energy poverty. Our study fills a key research gap as a limited number of studies exist on the extent and drivers of energy poverty in Canada. Further, our study's robust quantitative estimates allow benchmarking and comparative research. These estimates lay the groundwork for evidence‐based solutions—and our findings highlight the need to reconsider current policies. Considering the challenge of the ratio of energy costs to income is vital, especially in the aftermath of events such as COVID‐19 or the 2021 heatwave in western Canada, which result in different energy behaviours and needs. More broadly, in the regular day‐to‐day, energy services should be seen as necessary and decision makers ought to consider the energy burden of Canadians.
Key messages
Research on energy poverty in Canada is an understudied area in Canadian scholarship.
Energy poverty is studied by examining the ratio of household energy expenditures to household income.
Households in energy poverty spent more on energy expenditures as a proportion of their total expenditures compared to households not in energy poverty.
La prévalence de la pauvreté énergétique au Canada : L'estimation du poids financier de l'énergie domestique selon l'approche axée sur les dépenses
Le phénomène de pauvreté énergétique attire de plus en plus l'attention au Canada. À partir des données de l'Enquête sur les dépenses des ménages de Statistique Canada (2016), nous estimons qu'entre 7 et 9% des ménages ont engagé plus de 10% de leurs revenus en dépenses énergétiques. Selon nos analyses, les ménages des provinces de l'Atlantique connaissent la plus importante pauvreté énergétique et les dépenses énergétiques les plus élevées. De plus, le faible revenu, la localisation et les conditions de logement sont les principales variables explicatives de la pauvreté énergétique. Finalement, les ménages en situation de pauvreté énergétique ont engagé environ cinq fois plus d'argent en dépenses énergétiques proportionnellement à leurs dépenses totales, si on les compare aux autres ménages. En conséquence, notre étude comble une lacune de la recherche puisqu'il n'existe qu'un nombre limité d'études sur la portée et les facteurs de la pauvreté énergétique au Canada. Par ailleurs, les traitements quantitatifs approfondis de notre enquête permettent de faire un étalonnage et une démarche comparative. Ces résultats jettent les bases de solutions fondées sur des données probantes car nos conclusions mettent également en évidence la nécessité de réexaminer les politiques actuelles. Au final, il est essentiel de reconnaître l'importance du problème du ratio des coûts énergétiques, particulièrement à la suite d'événements tels que la COVID‐19 ou les canicules, lesquels ont eu pour effet de modifier les comportements et les besoins énergétiques. Energy poverty is gaining public attention in Canada. Based on statistical analysis of Statistics Canada's 2016 Survey of Household Spending, we estimate that 7–9% of households spent more than 10% of their income on energy expenditures. Households in the Atlantic provinces faced the most energy poverty and highest energy expenditures. Low income, geography, and dwelling conditions were the main predictors of energy poverty. Households in energy poverty also spent approximately five times more on energy expenditures as a proportion of their total expenditures compared to households not in energy poverty. Our study fills a key research gap as a limited number of studies exist on the extent and drivers of energy poverty in Canada. Further, our study's robust quantitative estimates allow benchmarking and comparative research. These estimates lay the groundwork for evidence‐based solutions—and our findings highlight the need to reconsider current policies. Considering the challenge of the ratio of energy costs to income is vital, especially in the aftermath of events such as COVID‐19 or the 2021 heatwave in western Canada, which result in different energy behaviours and needs. More broadly, in the regular day‐to‐day, energy services should be seen as necessary and decision makers ought to consider the energy burden of Canadians. Energy poverty is gaining public attention in Canada. Based on statistical analysis of Statistics Canada's 2016 Survey of Household Spending, we estimate that 7–9% of households spent more than 10% of their income on energy expenditures. Households in the Atlantic provinces faced the most energy poverty and highest energy expenditures. Low income, geography, and dwelling conditions were the main predictors of energy poverty. Households in energy poverty also spent approximately five times more on energy expenditures as a proportion of their total expenditures compared to households not in energy poverty. Our study fills a key research gap as a limited number of studies exist on the extent and drivers of energy poverty in Canada. Further, our study's robust quantitative estimates allow benchmarking and comparative research. These estimates lay the groundwork for evidence‐based solutions—and our findings highlight the need to reconsider current policies. Considering the challenge of the ratio of energy costs to income is vital, especially in the aftermath of events such as COVID‐19 or the 2021 heatwave in western Canada, which result in different energy behaviours and needs. More broadly, in the regular day‐to‐day, energy services should be seen as necessary and decision makers ought to consider the energy burden of Canadians . Research on energy poverty in Canada is an understudied area in Canadian scholarship. Energy poverty is studied by examining the ratio of household energy expenditures to household income. Households in energy poverty spent more on energy expenditures as a proportion of their total expenditures compared to households not in energy poverty. Le phénomène de pauvreté énergétique attire de plus en plus l'attention au Canada. À partir des données de l'Enquête sur les dépenses des ménages de Statistique Canada (2016), nous estimons qu'entre 7 et 9% des ménages ont engagé plus de 10% de leurs revenus en dépenses énergétiques. Selon nos analyses, les ménages des provinces de l'Atlantique connaissent la plus importante pauvreté énergétique et les dépenses énergétiques les plus élevées. De plus, le faible revenu, la localisation et les conditions de logement sont les principales variables explicatives de la pauvreté énergétique. Finalement, les ménages en situation de pauvreté énergétique ont engagé environ cinq fois plus d'argent en dépenses énergétiques proportionnellement à leurs dépenses totales, si on les compare aux autres ménages. En conséquence, notre étude comble une lacune de la recherche puisqu'il n'existe qu'un nombre limité d'études sur la portée et les facteurs de la pauvreté énergétique au Canada. Par ailleurs, les traitements quantitatifs approfondis de notre enquête permettent de faire un étalonnage et une démarche comparative. Ces résultats jettent les bases de solutions fondées sur des données probantes car nos conclusions mettent également en évidence la nécessité de réexaminer les politiques actuelles. Au final, il est essentiel de reconnaître l'importance du problème du ratio des coûts énergétiques, particulièrement à la suite d'événements tels que la COVID‐19 ou les canicules, lesquels ont eu pour effet de modifier les comportements et les besoins énergétiques . |
| Author | Li, Grace Martiskainen, Mari Das, Runa R. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Runa R. orcidid: 0000-0002-0692-5253 surname: Das fullname: Das, Runa R. email: runa.das@royalroads.ca organization: Royal Roads University – sequence: 2 givenname: Mari surname: Martiskainen fullname: Martiskainen, Mari organization: University of Sussex – sequence: 3 givenname: Grace surname: Li fullname: Li, Grace organization: University of Victoria |
| BookMark | eNp9kFFLwzAQx4NMcJs--A0CPvnQ7dI2bebbKHMKAxH0uaTpdevo0pq004If3mzTF0Hv5bjL_3-X-43IQNcaCblmMGEupkquJ8yPOZyRIeMh8wCicECGACC8IOLigoys3boSQi6G5PO5k7oti77Ua9pukDYG97JCrZDWBUWNZt3Tpt6jaXsqlamtpYnUMpd3dGHbcifbgzWvd-gq9ePIOpOjpp09PEpN8aNBnZdtZ9BS2TSmlmpzSc4LWVm8-s5j8nq_eEkevNXT8jGZrzzlz2LwkBfog8gLyP0oCzjnSgQijgLueioQkAUsm2UBhBD5Ig5BsCJWECJzIl_IYExuTnPd2rfO_TPd1p3RbmXqx45ayATjTnV7Uh2PNFikjXHnmT5lkB7gpg5ueoTrtNNfWlW2jkStWyPL6j_He1lh__foNJkvT44vYVqN3g |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1002_sd_2871 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2024_114476 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2023_e22624 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_erss_2025_104054 crossref_primary_10_1080_14036096_2023_2204901 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_erss_2024_103709 crossref_primary_10_17269_s41997_023_00741_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jup_2023_101572 crossref_primary_10_3992_jgb_19_3_139 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2022_112617 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enbuild_2024_114259 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_erss_2025_103935 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enbuild_2024_114082 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_erss_2025_103992 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eist_2024_100892 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enpol_2024_114298 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_erss_2025_104026 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_erss_2024_103774 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.enpol.2018.10.048 10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.12.006 10.3351/ppp.0010.0001.0002 10.14512/gaia.23.1.6 10.1016/j.enpol.2016.03.019 10.1016/j.joule.2020.11.016 10.1016/j.erss.2020.101756 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110199 10.1628/001522115X14285723527593 10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.05.001 10.2202/1944-2858.1095 10.1002/j.1839-4655.2011.tb00228.x 10.3917/inso.155.0090 10.1111/j.1467-9515.2004.00403.x 10.3138/cpp.38.2.181 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.03.064 10.1111/cag.12637 10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.150 10.1016/j.erss.2017.01.009 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.08.067 10.1080/00045608.2011.569659 10.1016/j.erss.2020.101699 10.1080/02673037.2010.512787 10.1016/0167-4870(83)90005-3 10.1016/j.enpol.2010.01.037 10.1093/pubmed/fdi051 10.1016/j.enpol.2015.02.009 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.12.054 10.1016/j.erss.2015.06.007 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.01.057 10.1068/a45132 10.1080/13549839.2015.1031730 10.1016/j.rser.2015.03.013 10.1111/cag.12663 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.003 10.5547/01956574.34.4.6 10.1177/1420326X17699260 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.12.005 10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.04.013 10.1016/j.erss.2016.03.002 10.1016/j.geoforum.2016.09.004 10.1111/j.1541-0064.2006.00142.x 10.1016/j.eneco.2015.01.022 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.01.033 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.11.087 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.11.076 10.1038/s41560-020-0582-0 10.1136/bmj.d2807 10.14207/ejsd.2017.v6n1p247 10.1016/j.enpol.2014.09.008 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.02.035 10.1016/j.enpol.2015.12.009 10.1080/24694452.2018.1562872 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.10.009 10.1257/jep.24.1.225 10.3138/cpp.2019-031 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2022 Canadian Association of Geographers / L'Association canadienne des géographes |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2022 Canadian Association of Geographers / L'Association canadienne des géographes |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION 7ST 8BJ C1K FQK JBE SOI |
| DOI | 10.1111/cag.12750 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Environment Abstracts International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management International Bibliography of the Social Sciences International Bibliography of the Social Sciences Environment Abstracts |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) Environment Abstracts Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management |
| DatabaseTitleList | International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) CrossRef |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Geography Statistics |
| EISSN | 1541-0064 |
| EndPage | 433 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 10_1111_cag_12750 CAG12750 |
| Genre | article |
| GeographicLocations | Canada |
| GeographicLocations_xml | – name: Canada |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada funderid: 430‐2018‐00447 |
| GroupedDBID | -~X .3N .GA 0-V 05W 0R~ 10A 1OB 1OC 29B 2QL 31~ 33P 3V. 4.4 4IJ 50Y 50Z 51W 51Y 52M 52O 52Q 52S 52T 52U 52W 5GY 5HH 5LA 5VS 66C 6J9 7PT 7XC 8-0 8-1 8-3 8-4 8-5 88I 8AF 8FE 8FG 8FH 8FQ 8G5 8GL 8R4 8R5 8UM 930 A04 AAESR AAHHS AANHP AAONW AAOUF AASGY AAXRX AAYCA AAZKR ABCQN ABCUV ABDBF ABEML ABJCF ABJNI ABUWG ACAHQ ACBKW ACBWZ ACCFJ ACCZN ACFBH ACGFS ACGOD ACIWK ACPOU ACRPL ACSCC ACUHS ACXQS ACYXJ ADBBV ADEMA ADEOM ADIZJ ADKYN ADMGS ADMHG ADNMO ADZMN AEEZP AEGXH AEIMD AEQDE AEUQT AEUYN AEUYR AFBPY AFEBI AFGKR AFKFF AFKRA AFPWT AFRAH AFWVQ AFZJQ AHEFC AI. AIFKG AIURR AIWBW AJBDE ALAGY ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALSLI AMBMR AMYDB ARALO ASTYK ATCPS AVQMV AZBYB AZQEC AZVAB BAFTC BCR BCU BDRZF BEC BENPR BES BFHJK BGLVJ BHPHI BKOMP BKSAR BLC BMXJE BNVMJ BPHCQ BQESF BROTX BRXPI BY8 CAG CCPQU COF D-C D-D DCZOG DPXWK DR2 DRFUL DRSSH DWQXO EAD EAP EAYBP EBS ECC EJD EMK ESX F00 F01 FEDTE G-S G.N G50 GICCO GNUQQ GODZA GUQSH HCIFZ HF~ HGLYW HVGLF HZI HZ~ IAO ICQ IEA IGS IHE IHI IMW IOF ISN ISR ITC IX1 J0M K48 K50 KWQ L6V LATKE LC2 LC4 LEEKS LH4 LITHE LK5 LOXES LP6 LP7 LUTES LW6 LYRES M1D M2O M2P M2Q M2R M3C M3G M7R M7S MK4 MRFUL MRSSH MSFUL MSSSH MXFUL MXSSH N04 N06 N9A NF~ O66 O9- OHT OIG P2P P2W P2Y P4C PALCI PATMY PCBAR PEA PQQKQ PROAC PTHSS PYCSY Q.N Q11 Q2X QB0 QF4 QN7 QO5 R.K R05 RIWAO RJQFR ROL RWL RX1 S0X S10 SJFOW SUPJJ TAE TN5 TWZ U5U UB1 UHB ULY VH1 W8V W99 WBKPD WIH WII WMRSR WOHZO WQZ WRC WSUWO XG1 XOL ZCA ZCG ZHY ZZTAW ~IA ~WP 702 AAYXX AEYWJ AFFHD AGQPQ AIQQE CITATION F5P O8X PEJEM PHGZM PHGZT PMKZF PQGLB PRQQA ~02 7ST 8BJ C1K FQK JBE SOI |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c2970-e5fe208df0d26b3555c83876358dfc380b31b9b304062874081f7c04e187628a3 |
| IEDL.DBID | DRFUL |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 23 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000755367800001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 0008-3658 |
| IngestDate | Sat Nov 08 19:44:25 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 04:47:39 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 21:42:09 EST 2025 Wed Jan 22 16:24:34 EST 2025 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 3 |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c2970-e5fe208df0d26b3555c83876358dfc380b31b9b304062874081f7c04e187628a3 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0692-5253 |
| PQID | 2711141815 |
| PQPubID | 37554 |
| PageCount | 18 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_journals_2711141815 crossref_primary_10_1111_cag_12750 crossref_citationtrail_10_1111_cag_12750 wiley_primary_10_1111_cag_12750_CAG12750 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2022-09-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2022-09-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 09 year: 2022 text: 2022-09-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | Toronto |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Toronto |
| PublicationTitle | The Canadian geographer |
| PublicationYear | 2022 |
| Publisher | Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
| References | 2017; 6 2021; 65 2017; 3 2015; 71 2020; 64 1983; 3 2016; 76 2019; 125 1895 2012; 16 2005; 27 2014; 23 1978 2020; 5 2015; 47 2015; 49 2010; 24 2016; 90 2015; 81 2004; 38 2013; 52 2020; 46 1982 2011; 26 2010; 2 2019; 194 2010; 38 2021; 5 2006; 50 2017; 26 2012 2011 2010 2013; 45 2015; 10 2019; 104 2016; 10 2008 2016; 93 2019; 109 2012; 38 1991 2016; 15 2021; 135 2021 2013; 34 2020; 70 2018; 115 2018; 114 2015; 21 2019 2018 2017 2011; 46 2016 2015 2012; 49 2009; 5 2011; 101 2011; 342 2017; 107 2014; 75 Green K. P. (e_1_2_6_38_1) 2016 e_1_2_6_51_1 e_1_2_6_74_1 e_1_2_6_53_1 e_1_2_6_76_1 e_1_2_6_32_1 e_1_2_6_70_1 e_1_2_6_30_1 e_1_2_6_72_1 e_1_2_6_19_1 e_1_2_6_13_1 e_1_2_6_36_1 e_1_2_6_59_1 Lee M. (e_1_2_6_48_1) 2011 e_1_2_6_11_1 e_1_2_6_34_1 e_1_2_6_17_1 e_1_2_6_55_1 e_1_2_6_78_1 e_1_2_6_15_1 e_1_2_6_57_1 e_1_2_6_62_1 e_1_2_6_85_1 Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (e_1_2_6_14_1) 2018 e_1_2_6_64_1 e_1_2_6_87_1 e_1_2_6_43_1 e_1_2_6_81_1 e_1_2_6_20_1 e_1_2_6_41_1 e_1_2_6_60_1 e_1_2_6_83_1 e_1_2_6_9_1 e_1_2_6_5_1 Gignac R. (e_1_2_6_31_1) 2021 e_1_2_6_7_1 e_1_2_6_24_1 e_1_2_6_49_1 e_1_2_6_3_1 e_1_2_6_22_1 e_1_2_6_66_1 e_1_2_6_45_1 e_1_2_6_26_1 e_1_2_6_47_1 e_1_2_6_68_1 e_1_2_6_52_1 e_1_2_6_73_1 e_1_2_6_54_1 e_1_2_6_75_1 e_1_2_6_10_1 e_1_2_6_71_1 Richardson P. (e_1_2_6_69_1) 1978 e_1_2_6_35_1 e_1_2_6_12_1 e_1_2_6_33_1 e_1_2_6_18_1 Engel E. (e_1_2_6_28_1) 1895 e_1_2_6_39_1 e_1_2_6_56_1 e_1_2_6_77_1 e_1_2_6_16_1 e_1_2_6_37_1 e_1_2_6_58_1 e_1_2_6_79_1 e_1_2_6_63_1 e_1_2_6_84_1 e_1_2_6_42_1 e_1_2_6_65_1 e_1_2_6_86_1 e_1_2_6_21_1 e_1_2_6_80_1 e_1_2_6_40_1 e_1_2_6_61_1 e_1_2_6_82_1 e_1_2_6_8_1 e_1_2_6_4_1 e_1_2_6_25_1 Hills J. (e_1_2_6_44_1) 2012 Boardman B. (e_1_2_6_6_1) 1991 e_1_2_6_23_1 Lewis P. (e_1_2_6_50_1) 1982 e_1_2_6_2_1 e_1_2_6_29_1 e_1_2_6_67_1 e_1_2_6_88_1 e_1_2_6_27_1 e_1_2_6_46_1 |
| References_xml | – year: 2011 – volume: 101 start-page: 949 issue: 4 year: 2011 end-page: 961 article-title: “Because you have to have heat”: The networked assemblage of energy poverty in Eastern North Carolina publication-title: Annals of the Association of American Geographers – volume: 24 start-page: 225 issue: 1 year: 2010 end-page: 240 article-title: Retrospectives: Engel curves publication-title: Journal of Economic Perspectives – year: 1895 – volume: 49 start-page: 143 year: 2012 end-page: 148 article-title: Fuel poverty synthesis: Lessons learnt, actions needed publication-title: Energy Policy – volume: 34 start-page: 109 issue: 4 year: 2013 end-page: 128 article-title: Necessity or luxury good? Household energy spending and income in Britain 1991–2007 publication-title: The Energy Journal – volume: 45 start-page: 1240 issue: 5 year: 2013 end-page: 1257 article-title: Perceptions of thermal comfort and housing quality: Exploring the microgeographies of energy poverty in Stakhanov, Ukraine publication-title: Environment and Planning A – volume: 135 year: 2021 article-title: Evaluation of financial incentives for green buildings in Canadian landscape publication-title: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews – year: 2021 – volume: 109 start-page: 1188 issue: 4 year: 2019 end-page: 1207 article-title: The spatially varying components of vulnerability to energy poverty publication-title: Annals of the American Association of Geographers – volume: 104 start-page: 222 year: 2019 end-page: 233 article-title: Energy poverty and gender in England: A spatial perspective publication-title: Geoforum – year: 2018 – volume: 107 start-page: 640 year: 2017 end-page: 648 article-title: Spatializing energy justice publication-title: Energy Policy – volume: 125 start-page: 160 year: 2019 end-page: 169 article-title: Comparing different methodological approaches for measuring energy poverty: Evidence from a survey in the region of Attika, Greece publication-title: Energy Policy – volume: 26 start-page: 117 year: 2011 end-page: 32 article-title: A randomized controlled trial of an energy efficiency intervention for families living in fuel poverty publication-title: Housing Studies – year: 1982 – volume: 26 start-page: 879 issue: 7 year: 2017 end-page: 901 article-title: Rethinking the measurement of energy poverty in Europe: A critical analysis of indicators and data publication-title: Indoor and Built Environment – volume: 76 start-page: 90 year: 2016 end-page: 99 article-title: Spatial justice and the land politics of renewables: Dispossessing vulnerable communities through solar energy mega‐projects publication-title: Geoforum – volume: 49 start-page: 76 year: 2012 end-page: 82 article-title: Energy poverty policies in the EU: A critical perspective publication-title: Energy Policy – volume: 6 start-page: 247 issue: 1 year: 2017 article-title: Energy poverty in southern and eastern Europe: Peculiar regional issues publication-title: European Journal of Sustainable Development – year: 2008 – volume: 38 start-page: 2987 year: 2010 end-page: 2997 article-title: Fuel poverty and human health: A review of recent evidence publication-title: Energy Policy – volume: 26 start-page: 61 year: 2017 end-page: 71 article-title: Thermal comfort or money saving? Exploring intentions to conserve energy among low‐income households in the United States publication-title: Energy Research and Social Science – volume: 38 start-page: 488 year: 2004 end-page: 503 article-title: Old and cold: Older people and policies failing to address fuel poverty publication-title: Social Policy & Administration – volume: 38 start-page: 181 issue: 2 year: 2012 end-page: 215 article-title: Evidence of the association between household food insecurity and heating cost inflation in Canada, 1998–2001 publication-title: Canadian Public Policy – volume: 3 start-page: 66 year: 2017 end-page: 74 article-title: Cool? Young people investigate living in cold housing and fuel poverty. A mixed methods action research study publication-title: SSM‐Population Health – volume: 49 start-page: 60 year: 2012 end-page: 68 article-title: Trapped in the heat: A post‐communist type of fuel poverty publication-title: Energy Policy – volume: 21 start-page: 789 issue: 7 year: 2015 end-page: 807 article-title: Off‐grid: Community energy and the pursuit of self‐sufficiency in British Columbia's remote and First Nations communities publication-title: Local Environment – volume: 5 start-page: 90 year: 2009 end-page: 98 article-title: De l'inconfort thermique à la précarité énergétique, profils et pratiques des ménages pauvres publication-title: Informations Sociales – volume: 46 start-page: 397 issue: 3 year: 2020 end-page: 413 article-title: Using an Engel Curve approach to infer cost of living experienced by Canadian households publication-title: Canadian Public Policy – volume: 5 start-page: 3 issue: 1 year: 2021 end-page: 7 article-title: New dimensions of vulnerability to energy and transport poverty publication-title: Joule – year: 2019 – volume: 49 start-page: 19 year: 2012 end-page: 26 article-title: Definitions of fuel poverty: Implications for policy publication-title: Energy Policy – year: 2015 – volume: 115 start-page: 98 year: 2018 end-page: 108 article-title: The policy implications of energy poverty indicators publication-title: Energy Policy – volume: 50 start-page: 273 issue: 3 year: 2006 end-page: 297 article-title: Ghettos in Canada's cities? Racial segregation, ethnic enclaves and poverty concentration in Canadian urban areas publication-title: The Canadian Geographer – volume: 49 start-page: 620 year: 2015 end-page: 628 article-title: Measuring fuel poverty in France: Which households are the most fuel vulnerable? publication-title: Energy Economics – volume: 342 start-page: 1 year: 2011 end-page: 2 article-title: The health impacts of cold homes and fuel poverty publication-title: BMJ – volume: 10 start-page: 31 year: 2015 end-page: 40 article-title: A global perspective on domestic energy deprivation: Overcoming the energy poverty‐fuel poverty binary publication-title: Energy Research and Social Science – volume: 3 start-page: 249 issue: 3–4 year: 1983 end-page: 266 article-title: Social policy options and fuel poverty publication-title: Journal of Economic Psychology – volume: 15 start-page: 75 year: 2016 end-page: 85 article-title: Same but different: On the applicability of fuel poverty indicators across countries—Insights from France publication-title: Energy Research %26 Social Science – volume: 70 year: 2020 article-title: The persistence of high energy burdens: A bibliometric analysis of vulnerability, poverty, and exclusion in the United States publication-title: Energy Research & Social Science – volume: 27 start-page: 353 year: 2005 end-page: 358 article-title: Excess winter morbidity among older people at risk of cold homes: A population‐based study in a London borough publication-title: Journal of Public Health – volume: 46 start-page: 435 issue: 4 year: 2011 end-page: 458 article-title: A new form of energy poverty is the hallmark of liberalised electricity sectors publication-title: Australian Journal of Social Issues – volume: 10 start-page: 5 issue: 1 year: 2016 end-page: 24 article-title: Fuel poverty in the European Union: A concept in need of definition? publication-title: Place & Policy Online – year: 2016 – volume: 47 start-page: 377 year: 2015 end-page: 385 article-title: Energy poverty: An overview publication-title: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews – volume: 71 start-page: 178 year: 2015 end-page: 215 article-title: Measuring fuel poverty: General considerations and application to German household data publication-title: FinanzArchiv/Public Finance Analysis – year: 2010 – year: 2012 – volume: 75 start-page: 289 year: 2014 end-page: 300 article-title: Energy affordability and the benefits system in Italy publication-title: Energy Policy – volume: 194 start-page: 46 year: 2019 end-page: 61 article-title: Building related energy poverty in developed countries: Past, present, and future from a Canadian perspective publication-title: Energy and Buildings – volume: 5 start-page: 432 year: 2020 end-page: 439 article-title: Recognition of and response to energy poverty in the United States publication-title: Nature Energy – volume: 65 start-page: 116 issue: 1 year: 2021 end-page: 127 article-title: Ambitious deep energy retrofits of buildings to accelerate the 1.5° C energy transition in Canada publication-title: The Canadian Geographer – volume: 49 start-page: 53 year: 2012 end-page: 59 article-title: Experiencing fuel poverty: Coping strategies of low‐income households in Vienna/Austria publication-title: Energy Policy – volume: 49 start-page: 107 year: 2012 end-page: 115 article-title: From targeting to implementation: The role of identification of fuel poor households publication-title: Energy Policy – volume: 52 start-page: 563 year: 2013 end-page: 572 article-title: Quantifying the prevalence of fuel poverty across the European Union publication-title: Energy Policy – volume: 114 start-page: 189 year: 2018 end-page: 200 article-title: Exposure and risk to fuel poverty in France: Examining the extent of the fuel precariousness and its salient determinants publication-title: Energy Policy – volume: 70 year: 2020 article-title: Double energy vulnerability: Spatial intersections of domestic and transport energy poverty in England publication-title: Energy Research & Social Science – volume: 49 start-page: 116 year: 2012 end-page: 121 article-title: Health and thermal comfort: From WHO guidance to housing strategies publication-title: Energy Policy – volume: 64 start-page: 438 issue: 4 year: 2020 end-page: 466 article-title: Housing Vancouver, 1972–2017: A personal urban geography and a professional response publication-title: The Canadian Geographer – volume: 93 start-page: 255 year: 2016 end-page: 264 article-title: Conceptualising energy use and energy poverty using a capabilities framework publication-title: Energy Policy – volume: 23 start-page: 14 issue: 1 year: 2014 end-page: 18 article-title: Fuel poverty in Germany: From a buzzword to a definition publication-title: GAIA: Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society – volume: 2 start-page: 5 year: 2010 end-page: 25 article-title: Energy burden and the need for integrated low‐income housing and energy policy publication-title: Poverty and Public Policy – volume: 16 start-page: 231 year: 2012 end-page: 243 article-title: Measuring energy poverty: Focusing on what matters publication-title: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews – year: 1991 – volume: 81 start-page: 38 year: 2015 end-page: 42 article-title: Contrasting approaches to fuel poverty in New Zealand publication-title: Energy Policy – year: 2017 – year: 1978 – volume: 90 start-page: 81 year: 2016 end-page: 91 article-title: Fuel poverty, excess winter deaths, and energy costs in Vermont: Burdensome for whom? publication-title: Energy Policy – ident: e_1_2_6_62_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2018.10.048 – volume-title: Canada's carbon pricing update improves certainty, but neglects industrial emissions year: 2021 ident: e_1_2_6_31_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_64_1 doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.12.006 – ident: e_1_2_6_85_1 doi: 10.3351/ppp.0010.0001.0002 – ident: e_1_2_6_82_1 doi: 10.14512/gaia.23.1.6 – ident: e_1_2_6_20_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2016.03.019 – ident: e_1_2_6_53_1 doi: 10.1016/j.joule.2020.11.016 – ident: e_1_2_6_8_1 doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2020.101756 – ident: e_1_2_6_68_1 doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110199 – ident: e_1_2_6_40_1 doi: 10.1628/001522115X14285723527593 – ident: e_1_2_6_29_1 – volume-title: Die Lebenskosten belgischer Arbeiter‐Familien früher und jetzt year: 1895 ident: e_1_2_6_28_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_37_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_59_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_22_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_70_1 doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.05.001 – ident: e_1_2_6_41_1 doi: 10.2202/1944-2858.1095 – ident: e_1_2_6_36_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_75_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_17_1 doi: 10.1002/j.1839-4655.2011.tb00228.x – volume-title: Fighting energy poverty in the transition to zero‐emission housing: A framework for BC year: 2011 ident: e_1_2_6_48_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_23_1 doi: 10.3917/inso.155.0090 – ident: e_1_2_6_55_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_87_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9515.2004.00403.x – ident: e_1_2_6_25_1 doi: 10.3138/cpp.38.2.181 – ident: e_1_2_6_11_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.03.064 – ident: e_1_2_6_45_1 doi: 10.1111/cag.12637 – ident: e_1_2_6_66_1 – volume-title: Energy costs and Canadian households year: 2016 ident: e_1_2_6_38_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_61_1 doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.150 – ident: e_1_2_6_16_1 doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2017.01.009 – ident: e_1_2_6_3_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_42_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.08.067 – ident: e_1_2_6_77_1 – volume-title: About affordable housing in Canada year: 2018 ident: e_1_2_6_14_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_39_1 doi: 10.1080/00045608.2011.569659 – ident: e_1_2_6_72_1 doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2020.101699 – ident: e_1_2_6_43_1 doi: 10.1080/02673037.2010.512787 – ident: e_1_2_6_12_1 doi: 10.1016/0167-4870(83)90005-3 – ident: e_1_2_6_52_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2010.01.037 – ident: e_1_2_6_76_1 doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdi051 – ident: e_1_2_6_47_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2015.02.009 – volume-title: Fuel poverty: A study of fuel poverty among low income council tenants year: 1978 ident: e_1_2_6_69_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_79_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_34_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_18_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_73_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.12.054 – ident: e_1_2_6_9_1 doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2015.06.007 – ident: e_1_2_6_58_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.01.057 – ident: e_1_2_6_74_1 – volume-title: Fuel poverty can be stopped year: 1982 ident: e_1_2_6_50_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_60_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_65_1 doi: 10.1068/a45132 – volume-title: Fuel poverty: From cold homes to affordable warmth year: 1991 ident: e_1_2_6_6_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_67_1 doi: 10.1080/13549839.2015.1031730 – ident: e_1_2_6_78_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_32_1 doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.03.013 – ident: e_1_2_6_51_1 doi: 10.1111/cag.12663 – ident: e_1_2_6_63_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.003 – ident: e_1_2_6_56_1 doi: 10.5547/01956574.34.4.6 – ident: e_1_2_6_83_1 doi: 10.1177/1420326X17699260 – ident: e_1_2_6_5_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.12.005 – ident: e_1_2_6_80_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.04.013 – ident: e_1_2_6_33_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_46_1 doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2016.03.002 – ident: e_1_2_6_19_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_2_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_30_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_88_1 doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2016.09.004 – ident: e_1_2_6_27_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_86_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1541-0064.2006.00142.x – ident: e_1_2_6_49_1 doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2015.01.022 – ident: e_1_2_6_10_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.01.033 – ident: e_1_2_6_24_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.11.087 – ident: e_1_2_6_13_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.11.076 – ident: e_1_2_6_4_1 doi: 10.1038/s41560-020-0582-0 – ident: e_1_2_6_21_1 doi: 10.1136/bmj.d2807 – ident: e_1_2_6_35_1 – ident: e_1_2_6_54_1 doi: 10.14207/ejsd.2017.v6n1p247 – ident: e_1_2_6_57_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2014.09.008 – ident: e_1_2_6_7_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.02.035 – ident: e_1_2_6_81_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2015.12.009 – ident: e_1_2_6_71_1 doi: 10.1080/24694452.2018.1562872 – ident: e_1_2_6_84_1 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.10.009 – ident: e_1_2_6_15_1 doi: 10.1257/jep.24.1.225 – ident: e_1_2_6_26_1 doi: 10.3138/cpp.2019-031 – volume-title: Getting the measure of fuel poverty. Final Report of the Fuel Poverty Review year: 2012 ident: e_1_2_6_44_1 |
| SSID | ssj0000458 |
| Score | 2.4313755 |
| Snippet | Energy poverty is gaining public attention in Canada. Based on statistical analysis of Statistics Canada's 2016 Survey of Household Spending, we estimate that... |
| SourceID | proquest crossref wiley |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 416 |
| SubjectTerms | Attention Comparative analysis courbe d'Engel COVID-19 Decision makers Decision making dépenses énergétiques des ménages Energy energy burden Energy costs Energy poverty Engel curve Estimates Estimation Expenditures Geography Heat waves household energy expenditure Households Income Localization logistic regression Low income groups pauvreté énergétique poids financier de l'énergie Poverty Provinces Quantitative analysis Residential energy régression logistique Statistical analysis Statistics |
| Title | Quantifying the prevalence of energy poverty across Canada: Estimating domestic energy burden using an expenditures approach |
| URI | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fcag.12750 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2711141815 |
| Volume | 66 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos000755367800001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVWIB databaseName: Wiley Online Library Full Collection 2020 customDbUrl: eissn: 1541-0064 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000458 issn: 0008-3658 databaseCode: DRFUL dateStart: 19970101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com providerName: Wiley-Blackwell |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3dS8MwED90E_TFb_FjShAffKl0adI2-jTmpg8iKgq-lSRNpqDb2Icg-Meby9o5QUHwrZRLG3K5yy_J3e8AjnJGZUSTOLA00QFTEQ-ERYVYYWMl60IZz65_lVxfp4-P4mYOzspcmAk_xPTADS3D-2s0cKmGM0auZefEs5PPQ5W6ecsqUD2_az9cfTlixieOGI8A3UpbEAthIM-08ffl6AtjziJVv9S0V_7VyVVYLhAmaUymxBrMme46LBbFzp_eN-DjdiwxRAgTnIjDf6Q_QM5vNHHSs8T4bEDSx9jO0TuRvuPEsxjIU9JyLgFBrmua916RokOXLZTPiCAYSd8hskuweABeiI_djp6U3OWb8NBu3Tcvg6IIQ6CpSMLAcGtomOY2zGnsVMm5TiNPY-fe6SgNVVRXQkXOGcTIne8ghk10yEwd_Wwqoy2odHtdsw2EO-goUssM4zlLmBQOmzBZ5zIWiiYi3oHjUheZLhjKsVDGS1buVNxwZn44d-BwKtqf0HL8JFQrFZoVljnMaOJkmMM13P3Oq-73D2TNxoV_2P276B4sUcyQ8GFoNaiMBmOzDwv6bfQ8HBwUU_QTpqfpHw |
| linkProvider | Wiley-Blackwell |
| linkToHtml | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3dS8MwED90Cvrit_htEB98qXRp0jbii6hz4hwqG_hW0jRRQbexD2HgH28uazcFBcG3Ui5tyOUuvyR3vwM4zBiVAY1Cz9BIeSwNuCcMKsQIE6ayLFLt2PVrUb0ePz6Kuyk4LXJhRvwQ4wM3tAznr9HA8UD6i5Ur-XTs6MmnYYbZacRLMHPxUGnWJp6Y8ZEnxjNAu9TmzEIYyTNu_H09moDMr1DVrTWVxf_1cgkWcoxJzkaTYhmmdGsF5vJy58_DVfi4H0gMEsIUJ2IRIOl0kfUbjZy0DdEuH5B0MLqzPyTS9Zw4HgN5Qi6tU0CYa5tm7Tck6VBFi9TlRBCMpX8iskWwfABeiQ_snp4U7OVr0KxcNs6rXl6GwVNURL6nudHUjzPjZzS0yuRcxYEjsrPvVBD7aVBORRpYdxAie74FGSZSPtNl9LSxDNah1Gq39AYQbsGjiA3TjGcsYlJYdMJkmctQpDQS4SYcFcpIVM5RjqUyXpNir2KHM3HDuQkHY9HOiJjjJ6GdQqNJbpu9hEZWhllkw-3vnO5-_0ByfnblHrb-LroPc9XGbS2pXddvtmGeYr6EC0rbgVK_O9C7MKve-y-97l4-Xz8BoPntDw |
| linkToPdf | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3dS8MwED90ivrit_htEB98qXRp0jbiy5hOxTFUFHwraZpMQbexD0HwjzeXtdsEBcG3Ui5tyOUuvyR3vwM4yhiVAY1Cz9BIeSwNuCcMKsQIE6ayLFLt2PXrUaMRPz2J2yk4K3JhhvwQowM3tAznr9HAdSczE1auZPPE0ZNPwwzjIrRmOXN-X3usjz0x40NPjGeAdqnNmYUwkmfU-Pt6NAaZk1DVrTW1pf_1chkWc4xJKsNJsQJTurUK83m58-ePNfi8G0gMEsIUJ2IRIOl0kfUbjZy0DdEuH5B0MLqz_0Gk6zlxPAbylFxYp4Aw1zbN2m9I0qGKFqnLiSAYS98kskWwfABeiQ_snp4U7OXr8Fi7eKheeXkZBk9REfme5kZTP86Mn9HQKpNzFQeOyM6-U0Hsp0E5FWlg3UGI7PkWZJhI-UyX0dPGMtiAUqvd0ptAuAWPIjZMM56xiElh0QmTZS5DkdJIhFtwXCgjUTlHOZbKeE2KvYodzsQN5xYcjkQ7Q2KOn4R2C40muW32EhpZGWaRDbe_c7r7_QNJtXLpHrb_LnoAc7fntaR-3bjZgQWK6RIuJm0XSv3uQO_BrHrvv_S6-_l0_QJHh-yK |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+prevalence+of+energy+poverty+across+Canada%3A+Estimating+domestic+energy+burden+using+an+expenditures+approach&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+geographer&rft.au=Das%2C+Runa+R&rft.au=Martiskainen%2C+Mari&rft.au=Li%2C+Grace&rft.date=2022-09-01&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing+Ltd&rft.issn=0008-3658&rft.eissn=1541-0064&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=416&rft.epage=433&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fcag.12750&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0008-3658&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0008-3658&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0008-3658&client=summon |