Intelligent Reflecting Surface: Practical Phase Shift Model and Beamforming Optimization

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) that enables the control of wireless propagation environment has recently emerged as a promising cost-effective technology for boosting the spectral and energy efficiency of future wireless communication systems. Prior works on IRS are mainly based on the ideal p...

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Veröffentlicht in:	IEEE transactions on communications Jg. 68; H. 9; S. 5849 - 5863
Hauptverfasser:	Abeywickrama, Samith, Zhang, Rui, Wu, Qingqing, Yuen, Chau
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	New York IEEE 01.09.2020 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Schlagworte:	Antennas Array signal processing Beamforming beamforming optimization Computer simulation Dielectric losses Intelligent reflecting surface Iterative algorithms Iterative methods Metals Multiuser systems Optimization Optimization techniques passive array Phase shift phase shift model Phase shifters Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces Semiconductor devices Signal reflection Signal to noise ratio Wireless communication Wireless communication systems Wireless communications
ISSN:	0090-6778, 1558-0857
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
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Abstract	Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) that enables the control of wireless propagation environment has recently emerged as a promising cost-effective technology for boosting the spectral and energy efficiency of future wireless communication systems. Prior works on IRS are mainly based on the ideal phase shift model assuming full signal reflection by each of its elements regardless of the phase shift, which, however, is practically difficult to realize. In contrast, we propose in this paper a practical phase shift model that captures the phase-dependent amplitude variation in the element-wise reflection design. Based on the proposed model and considering an IRS-aided multiuser system with one IRS deployed to assist in the downlink communications from a multi-antenna access point (AP) to multiple single-antenna users, we formulate an optimization problem to minimize the total transmit power at the AP by jointly designing the AP transmit beamforming and the IRS reflect beamforming, subject to the users' individual signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) constraints. Iterative algorithms are proposed to find suboptimal solutions to this problem efficiently by utilizing the alternating optimization (AO) as well as penalty-based optimization techniques. Moreover, to draw essential insight, we analyze the asymptotic performance loss of the IRS-aided system that employs practical phase shifters but assumes the ideal phase shift model for beamforming optimization, as the number of IRS elements goes to infinity. Simulation results unveil substantial performance gains achieved by the proposed beamforming optimization based on the practical phase shift model as compared to the conventional ideal model.
AbstractList	Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) that enables the control of wireless propagation environment has recently emerged as a promising cost-effective technology for boosting the spectral and energy efficiency of future wireless communication systems. Prior works on IRS are mainly based on the ideal phase shift model assuming full signal reflection by each of its elements regardless of the phase shift, which, however, is practically difficult to realize. In contrast, we propose in this paper a practical phase shift model that captures the phase-dependent amplitude variation in the element-wise reflection design. Based on the proposed model and considering an IRS-aided multiuser system with one IRS deployed to assist in the downlink communications from a multi-antenna access point (AP) to multiple single-antenna users, we formulate an optimization problem to minimize the total transmit power at the AP by jointly designing the AP transmit beamforming and the IRS reflect beamforming, subject to the users' individual signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) constraints. Iterative algorithms are proposed to find suboptimal solutions to this problem efficiently by utilizing the alternating optimization (AO) as well as penalty-based optimization techniques. Moreover, to draw essential insight, we analyze the asymptotic performance loss of the IRS-aided system that employs practical phase shifters but assumes the ideal phase shift model for beamforming optimization, as the number of IRS elements goes to infinity. Simulation results unveil substantial performance gains achieved by the proposed beamforming optimization based on the practical phase shift model as compared to the conventional ideal model.
Author	Abeywickrama, Samith Wu, Qingqing Yuen, Chau Zhang, Rui
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Samith orcidid: 0000-0002-2633-9075 surname: Abeywickrama fullname: Abeywickrama, Samith email: samith@u.nus.edu organization: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore – sequence: 2 givenname: Rui orcidid: 0000-0002-8729-8393 surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Rui email: elezhang@nus.edu.sg organization: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore – sequence: 3 givenname: Qingqing orcidid: 0000-0002-0043-3266 surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Qingqing email: lewuqq@nus.edu.sg organization: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore – sequence: 4 givenname: Chau orcidid: 0000-0002-9307-2120 surname: Yuen fullname: Yuen, Chau email: yuenchau@sutd.edu.sg organization: Engineering Product Development (EPD) Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore
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Snippet	Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) that enables the control of wireless propagation environment has recently emerged as a promising cost-effective technology...
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SubjectTerms	Antennas Array signal processing Beamforming beamforming optimization Computer simulation Dielectric losses Intelligent reflecting surface Iterative algorithms Iterative methods Metals Multiuser systems Optimization Optimization techniques passive array Phase shift phase shift model Phase shifters Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces Semiconductor devices Signal reflection Signal to noise ratio Wireless communication Wireless communication systems Wireless communications
Title	Intelligent Reflecting Surface: Practical Phase Shift Model and Beamforming Optimization
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