Near-Field Integrated Sensing, Positioning, and Communication: A Downlink and Uplink Framework

A near-field integrated sensing, positioning, and communication (ISPAC) framework is proposed, where a base station (BS) simultaneously serves multiple communication users and carries out target sensing and positioning. A novel double-array structure is proposed to enable the near-field ISPAC at the...

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Published in:IEEE journal on selected areas in communications Vol. 42; no. 9; pp. 2196 - 2212
Main Authors: Li, Haochen, Wang, Zhaolin, Mu, Xidong, Zhiwen, Pan, Liu, Yuanwei
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York IEEE 01.09.2024
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects:
Algorithms
Communication
Communications systems
Convexity
Cramer-Rao bounds
Cramér-Rao bound
Design optimization
Downlink
Downlinking
Minimization
Near field communication
Near fields
near-field communications
Optimization
Precoding
Radio frequency
sensing and positioning
Transmission line matrix methods
Uplink
Uplinking
ISSN:0733-8716, 1558-0008
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Abstract A near-field integrated sensing, positioning, and communication (ISPAC) framework is proposed, where a base station (BS) simultaneously serves multiple communication users and carries out target sensing and positioning. A novel double-array structure is proposed to enable the near-field ISPAC at the BS. Specifically, a small-scale assisting transceiver (AT) is attached to the large-scale main transceiver (MT) to empower the communication system with the ability of sensing and positioning. Based on the proposed framework, the joint angle and distance Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) is first derived. Then, the CRB is minimized subject to the minimum communication rate requirement in both downlink and uplink ISPAC scenarios: 1) For downlink ISPAC, a downlink target positioning algorithm is proposed and a penalty dual decomposition (PDD)-based double-loop algorithm is developed to tackle the non-convex optimization problem. 2) For uplink ISPAC, an uplink target positioning algorithm is proposed and an efficient alternating optimization algorithm is conceived to solve the non-convex CRB minimization problem with coupled user communication and target probing design. Both proposed optimization algorithms can converge to a stationary point of the CRB minimization problem. Numerical results show that: 1) The proposed ISPAC system can locate the target in both angle and distance domains merely relying on single BS and limited bandwidths; and 2) the positioning performance achieved by the hybrid-analog-and-digital ISPAC approaches that achieved by fully digital ISPAC when the communication rate requirement is not stringent.
AbstractList A near-field integrated sensing, positioning, and communication (ISPAC) framework is proposed, where a base station (BS) simultaneously serves multiple communication users and carries out target sensing and positioning. A novel double-array structure is proposed to enable the near-field ISPAC at the BS. Specifically, a small-scale assisting transceiver (AT) is attached to the large-scale main transceiver (MT) to empower the communication system with the ability of sensing and positioning. Based on the proposed framework, the joint angle and distance Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) is first derived. Then, the CRB is minimized subject to the minimum communication rate requirement in both downlink and uplink ISPAC scenarios: 1) For downlink ISPAC, a downlink target positioning algorithm is proposed and a penalty dual decomposition (PDD)-based double-loop algorithm is developed to tackle the non-convex optimization problem. 2) For uplink ISPAC, an uplink target positioning algorithm is proposed and an efficient alternating optimization algorithm is conceived to solve the non-convex CRB minimization problem with coupled user communication and target probing design. Both proposed optimization algorithms can converge to a stationary point of the CRB minimization problem. Numerical results show that: 1) The proposed ISPAC system can locate the target in both angle and distance domains merely relying on single BS and limited bandwidths; and 2) the positioning performance achieved by the hybrid-analog-and-digital ISPAC approaches that achieved by fully digital ISPAC when the communication rate requirement is not stringent.
Author Wang, Zhaolin
Mu, Xidong
Zhiwen, Pan
Li, Haochen
Liu, Yuanwei
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Snippet A near-field integrated sensing, positioning, and communication (ISPAC) framework is proposed, where a base station (BS) simultaneously serves multiple...
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SubjectTerms Algorithms
Communication
Communications systems
Convexity
Cramer-Rao bounds
Cramér-Rao bound
Design optimization
Downlink
Downlinking
Minimization
Near field communication
Near fields
near-field communications
Optimization
Precoding
Radio frequency
sensing and positioning
Transmission line matrix methods
Uplink
Uplinking
Title Near-Field Integrated Sensing, Positioning, and Communication: A Downlink and Uplink Framework
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