Lock-In Amplifier With Enhanced Filter Structure for NMR Gyroscope

To maintain the functionality of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) gyroscope, extracting the precession phase and compensating for the transverse driving field is essential. The digital lock-in amplifier (DLIA) effectively captures amplitude and phase information from weak signals. The performanc...

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Published in:IEEE sensors journal Vol. 24; no. 16; pp. 26011 - 26021
Main Authors: Wang, Zhengguang, Liu, Nan, Ding, Peng, Ji, Yafei, Ru, Zhanqiang, Yin, Zhizhen, Wu, Dongmin, Song, Helun
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York IEEE 15.08.2024
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects:
Accuracy
Algorithms
Attenuation
Complexity
Consumption
Field programmable gate arrays
Field-programmable gate array (FPGA)
finite impulse response (FIR) filter
Finite impulse response filters
FIR filters
Gyroscopes
Lock in amplifiers
lock-in amplifier
Low pass filters
moving average filter (MAF)
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) gyroscope
parallel distributed algorithm (PDA)
Performance evaluation
Power harmonic filters
Resource utilization
Time division multiplexing
time-division multiplexing (TDM)
Windows
ISSN:1530-437X, 1558-1748
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Abstract To maintain the functionality of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) gyroscope, extracting the precession phase and compensating for the transverse driving field is essential. The digital lock-in amplifier (DLIA) effectively captures amplitude and phase information from weak signals. The performance of the low-pass filter (LPF) within the DLIA is significant. To achieve high precision, the finite impulse response (FIR) filter requires an extremely low cut-off frequency, which results in higher order, complex operations, and significant resource consumption. The moving average filter (MAF) has high attenuation at specific frequencies and low attenuation at others. Meanwhile, lengthy windows result in increased resource consumption, higher latency, and the inability to capture rapidly changing signals. To address these challenges, a cascade filter structure is proposed, where a low-order FIR filter is cascaded with a small window MAF. This structure utilizes the FIR filter for high stopband attenuation, while the MAF further attenuates at specified frequencies and narrows the transition band. Consequently, this improvement effectively reduces the FIR filter order and MAF window length, preventing the attenuation of swiftly changing signals caused by extended window lengths. To minimize resource consumption, a dual FIR filters resource optimization method is introduced based on time-division multiplexing (TDM) and parallel distributed algorithms (PDAs), allowing two FIR filters to share one coefficient table. Subsequently, the performance of the proposed DLIA is evaluated under various conditions and implemented in a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The results indicate that the proposed DLIA exhibits superior performance, low computational complexity, and low resource utilization.
AbstractList To maintain the functionality of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) gyroscope, extracting the precession phase and compensating for the transverse driving field is essential. The digital lock-in amplifier (DLIA) effectively captures amplitude and phase information from weak signals. The performance of the low-pass filter (LPF) within the DLIA is significant. To achieve high precision, the finite impulse response (FIR) filter requires an extremely low cut-off frequency, which results in higher order, complex operations, and significant resource consumption. The moving average filter (MAF) has high attenuation at specific frequencies and low attenuation at others. Meanwhile, lengthy windows result in increased resource consumption, higher latency, and the inability to capture rapidly changing signals. To address these challenges, a cascade filter structure is proposed, where a low-order FIR filter is cascaded with a small window MAF. This structure utilizes the FIR filter for high stopband attenuation, while the MAF further attenuates at specified frequencies and narrows the transition band. Consequently, this improvement effectively reduces the FIR filter order and MAF window length, preventing the attenuation of swiftly changing signals caused by extended window lengths. To minimize resource consumption, a dual FIR filters resource optimization method is introduced based on time-division multiplexing (TDM) and parallel distributed algorithms (PDAs), allowing two FIR filters to share one coefficient table. Subsequently, the performance of the proposed DLIA is evaluated under various conditions and implemented in a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The results indicate that the proposed DLIA exhibits superior performance, low computational complexity, and low resource utilization.
Author Yin, Zhizhen
Wang, Zhengguang
Ding, Peng
Liu, Nan
Ru, Zhanqiang
Ji, Yafei
Song, Helun
Wu, Dongmin
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Snippet To maintain the functionality of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) gyroscope, extracting the precession phase and compensating for the transverse driving...
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SubjectTerms Accuracy
Algorithms
Attenuation
Complexity
Consumption
Field programmable gate arrays
Field-programmable gate array (FPGA)
finite impulse response (FIR) filter
Finite impulse response filters
FIR filters
Gyroscopes
Lock in amplifiers
lock-in amplifier
Low pass filters
moving average filter (MAF)
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) gyroscope
parallel distributed algorithm (PDA)
Performance evaluation
Power harmonic filters
Resource utilization
Time division multiplexing
time-division multiplexing (TDM)
Windows
Title Lock-In Amplifier With Enhanced Filter Structure for NMR Gyroscope
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