Real‐Time Image‐based Lighting of Glints
Image‐based lighting is a widely used technique to reproduce shading under real‐world lighting conditions, especially in real‐time rendering applications. A particularly challenging scenario involves materials exhibiting a sparkling or glittering appearance, caused by discrete microfacets scattered...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Computer graphics forum Jg. 44; H. 4 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.07.2025
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| ISSN: | 0167-7055, 1467-8659 |
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| Abstract | Image‐based lighting is a widely used technique to reproduce shading under real‐world lighting conditions, especially in real‐time rendering applications. A particularly challenging scenario involves materials exhibiting a sparkling or glittering appearance, caused by discrete microfacets scattered across their surface. In this paper, we propose an efficient approximation for image‐based lighting of glints, enabling fully dynamic material properties and environment maps. Our novel approach is grounded in real‐time glint rendering under area light illumination and employs standard environment map filtering techniques. Crucially, our environment map filtering process is sufficiently fast to be executed on a per‐frame basis. Our method assumes that the environment map is partitioned into few homogeneous regions of constant radiance. By filtering the corresponding indicator functions with the normal distribution function, we obtain the probabilities for individual microfacets to reflect light from each region. During shading, these probabilities are utilized to hierarchically sample a multinomial distribution, facilitated by our novel dual‐gated Gaussian approximation of binomial distributions. We validate that our real‐time approximation is close to ground‐truth renderings for a range of material properties and lighting conditions, and demonstrate robust and stable performance, with little overhead over rendering glints from a single directional light. Compared to rendering smooth materials without glints, our approach requires twice as much memory to store the prefiltered environment map. |
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| AbstractList | Image‐based lighting is a widely used technique to reproduce shading under real‐world lighting conditions, especially in real‐time rendering applications. A particularly challenging scenario involves materials exhibiting a sparkling or glittering appearance, caused by discrete microfacets scattered across their surface. In this paper, we propose an efficient approximation for image‐based lighting of glints, enabling fully dynamic material properties and environment maps. Our novel approach is grounded in real‐time glint rendering under area light illumination and employs standard environment map filtering techniques. Crucially, our environment map filtering process is sufficiently fast to be executed on a per‐frame basis. Our method assumes that the environment map is partitioned into few homogeneous regions of constant radiance. By filtering the corresponding indicator functions with the normal distribution function, we obtain the probabilities for individual microfacets to reflect light from each region. During shading, these probabilities are utilized to hierarchically sample a multinomial distribution, facilitated by our novel dual‐gated Gaussian approximation of binomial distributions. We validate that our real‐time approximation is close to ground‐truth renderings for a range of material properties and lighting conditions, and demonstrate robust and stable performance, with little overhead over rendering glints from a single directional light. Compared to rendering smooth materials without glints, our approach requires twice as much memory to store the prefiltered environment map. |
| Author | Kneiphof, Tom Klein, Reinhard |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1007/978-3-7091-6303-0_17 10.1007/s11390-024-4123-3 10.1016/j.cag.2022.04.009 10.1007/s41095-022-0280-x 10.1145/3190834.3190852 10.1145/2601097.2601186 10.1145/2856400.2856409 10.1145/3072959.2990495 10.1145/3472293 10.1093/bjaesthetics/37.3.259 10.1145/3451257 10.1145/563858.563893 10.1145/15922.15902 10.1145/357290.357293 10.1109/TVCG.2022.3144479 10.1145/3272127.3275058 10.1007/978-3-319-72323-5_4 10.1145/3507915 10.1145/3355089.3356525 10.1145/2897839.2927391 10.1145/3406836 10.1145/2601097.2601191 10.1145/3197517.3201289 10.1145/383259.383317 |
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| SubjectTerms | Approximation CCS Concepts Computing methodologies → Rendering Distribution functions Filtration Glint Illumination Light Lighting Material properties Normal distribution Reflectance modeling Rendering Shading |
| Title | Real‐Time Image‐based Lighting of Glints |
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