A Novel ISAR Imaging and Scaling Approach for Maneuvering Targets Based on High-Accuracy Phase Parameter Estimation Algorithm

For inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging of maneuvering targets, the Doppler frequency induced by an arbitrary scatterer on the target is time-varying, and hence, the traditional range-Doppler (RD) algorithm is not appropriate for obtaining focusing ISAR images. In such a scenario, a nove...

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Vydané v:	IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing Ročník 60; s. 1 - 19
Hlavní autori:	Liu, Zitao, Jiang, Yicheng, Wang, Yong, Du, Yuhan, Wang, Jinxiang
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	New York IEEE 2022 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Predmet:	Accuracy Algorithms Centroids Coherent integrated smoothed generalized cubic phase function (CISCF) algorithm Doppler effect Doppler sonar Image quality Image reconstruction Imaging Imaging techniques Inverse synthetic aperture radar inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) Maneuvering targets Mathematical analysis Parameter estimation Point spread functions Radar imaging range instantaneous Doppler derivative (RIDD) algorithm Representations SAR (radar) Scaling Scaling factors Signal to noise ratio smoothed integrated high-resolution time–frequency-rate representation (SIHR) algorithm Target recognition Time-frequency analysis
ISSN:	0196-2892, 1558-0644
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Abstract	For inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging of maneuvering targets, the Doppler frequency induced by an arbitrary scatterer on the target is time-varying, and hence, the traditional range-Doppler (RD) algorithm is not appropriate for obtaining focusing ISAR images. In such a scenario, a novel ISAR technique, called the range instantaneous Doppler derivative (RIDD) algorithm, has been recently proposed, and two different kinds of well-focused ISAR images, named range-Doppler centroid (RDC) frequency image and range-Doppler frequency rate (RDR) image, can be obtained. In order to improve the accuracy of the target classification and recognition, the scaling approach for the RIDD algorithm must be taken into consideration. In this article, the point spread function (PSF) representations and cross-range scaling factors of the RDC image and the RDR image obtained by the RIDD algorithm are demonstrated analytically. On the basis of the PSFs and cross-range scaling factors, a novel imaging and scaling approach for the RIDD algorithm in the presence of a low SNR environment based on smoothed integrated high-resolution time-frequency-rate representation (SIHR) combined with coherent integrated smoothed generalized cubic phase function (CISCF) is proposed. As the proposed algorithm has high estimation accuracy and good antinoise capability, precise parameter estimation of the received signal can be achieved. Hence, high-quality scaled RDC and RDR images of the target can be reconstructed by the proposed approach. Experimental results of simulated data and real measured data verify the correctness of the PSF representations and demonstrate the effectiveness of the imaging and scaling approach proposed in this article.
AbstractList	For inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging of maneuvering targets, the Doppler frequency induced by an arbitrary scatterer on the target is time-varying, and hence, the traditional range-Doppler (RD) algorithm is not appropriate for obtaining focusing ISAR images. In such a scenario, a novel ISAR technique, called the range instantaneous Doppler derivative (RIDD) algorithm, has been recently proposed, and two different kinds of well-focused ISAR images, named range-Doppler centroid (RDC) frequency image and range-Doppler frequency rate (RDR) image, can be obtained. In order to improve the accuracy of the target classification and recognition, the scaling approach for the RIDD algorithm must be taken into consideration. In this article, the point spread function (PSF) representations and cross-range scaling factors of the RDC image and the RDR image obtained by the RIDD algorithm are demonstrated analytically. On the basis of the PSFs and cross-range scaling factors, a novel imaging and scaling approach for the RIDD algorithm in the presence of a low SNR environment based on smoothed integrated high-resolution time-frequency-rate representation (SIHR) combined with coherent integrated smoothed generalized cubic phase function (CISCF) is proposed. As the proposed algorithm has high estimation accuracy and good antinoise capability, precise parameter estimation of the received signal can be achieved. Hence, high-quality scaled RDC and RDR images of the target can be reconstructed by the proposed approach. Experimental results of simulated data and real measured data verify the correctness of the PSF representations and demonstrate the effectiveness of the imaging and scaling approach proposed in this article.
Author	Wang, Jinxiang Jiang, Yicheng Liu, Zitao Du, Yuhan Wang, Yong
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Zitao orcidid: 0000-0001-7600-6079 surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Zitao email: liuzhenmeilzy@163.com organization: Department of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Yicheng orcidid: 0000-0003-0618-2768 surname: Jiang fullname: Jiang, Yicheng email: jiangyc@hit.edu.cn organization: Department of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Yong orcidid: 0000-0002-4934-9831 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Yong email: wangyong6012@hit.edu.cn organization: Department of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Yuhan surname: Du fullname: Du, Yuhan organization: Department of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Jinxiang orcidid: 0000-0002-5423-5409 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Jinxiang organization: Microelectronics Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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SubjectTerms	Accuracy Algorithms Centroids Coherent integrated smoothed generalized cubic phase function (CISCF) algorithm Doppler effect Doppler sonar Image quality Image reconstruction Imaging Imaging techniques Inverse synthetic aperture radar inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) Maneuvering targets Mathematical analysis Parameter estimation Point spread functions Radar imaging range instantaneous Doppler derivative (RIDD) algorithm Representations SAR (radar) Scaling Scaling factors Signal to noise ratio smoothed integrated high-resolution time–frequency-rate representation (SIHR) algorithm Target recognition Time-frequency analysis
Title	A Novel ISAR Imaging and Scaling Approach for Maneuvering Targets Based on High-Accuracy Phase Parameter Estimation Algorithm
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