3-D Inversion of Z-Axis Tipper Electromagnetic Data Using Finite-Element Method With Unstructured Tetrahedral Grids

<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">Z </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis tipper electromagnetic (ZTEM) technique is an airborne electromagnetic method that detects anomalies in the deep earth that are induced by natural sources. Conventional ZTEM forward mode...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing Vol. 60; pp. 1 - 11
Main Authors: Cao, Xiaoyue, Huang, Xin, Yin, Changchun, Yan, Liangjun, Han, Yongqi
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York IEEE 2022
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects:
3-D inversion
<italic xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">Z -axis tipper electromagnetic (ZTEM)
Algorithms
Anomalies
Aquatic reptiles
Atmospheric modeling
Computer applications
Computing time
Conductivity
Data models
Earth
Finite element analysis
Finite element method
Forward problem
Geophysical measurements
Hessian matrices
Inverse problems
Inversions
limited-memory quasi-Newton algorithm (L-BFGS)
Magnetic tunneling
Mathematical model
Mathematical models
Modelling
Optimization
Structured grids (mathematics)
Surveying
topography
Underground structures
unstructured grids
Unstructured grids (mathematics)
ISSN:0196-2892, 1558-0644
Online Access:Get full text
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Description
Summary:<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">Z </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis tipper electromagnetic (ZTEM) technique is an airborne electromagnetic method that detects anomalies in the deep earth that are induced by natural sources. Conventional ZTEM forward modeling is generally conducted using structured grids that have limited accuracy and cannot be used to invert complex underground structures and topography. However, unstructured grids can accurately model complex underground structures with fewer cells. Therefore, to effectively model and recover the complex underground structures, we developed a 3-D framework with unstructured tetrahedral grids for ZTEM forward modeling and inversions. The forward problem was formulated using the finite-element method with unstructured tetrahedral grids. To solve the inverse problem, we used a limited-memory quasi-Newton algorithm (L-BFGS) with a parallel direct solver for optimization in order to avoid the explicit calculation of the Hessian matrix and save the memory and computational time. To validate our forward and inversion algorithms, we conducted numerical experiments on three synthetic models and inverted a survey dataset acquired for a tunnel project in Tibet, China. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our unstructured finite-element and L-BFGS method for modeling and inverting ZTEM data.
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ISSN:0196-2892
1558-0644
DOI:10.1109/TGRS.2021.3077510