The influence of acculturation on endocrine reactivity during acute stress in urban black males

Urbanization is a world‐wide phenomenon and results in a radical and sometimes total change in living conditions. This process is accompanied by a significant increase in the incidence of western‐type diseases virtually unknown in traditional rural communities. Especially in a multicultural society...

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Veröffentlicht in:Stress medicine Jg. 12; H. 1; S. 55 - 63
Hauptverfasser: Malan, N.T., Brits, J.S., Eloff, F.C., Huisman, H.W., Kruger, A., Laubscher, P.J., Pretorius, P.J., Steyn, H.S.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: London John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 01.01.1996
Wiley
Schlagworte:
Biological and medical sciences
cortisol
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
hormone
hypertension
Personality. Affectivity
prolactin
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
race
renin activity
rural
Stress
testosterone
urbanization
western-type diseases
South Africa
Africa
Human
Urban environment
Enzyme
Negroid
Cortisol
Stress
Testosterone
Renin angiotensin system
Acculturation
Renin
Adenohypophyseal hormone
Prolactin
Cultural environment
Adrenal hormone
Race
Hydrolases
Aspartic endopeptidases
Hormonal investigation
Sex steroid hormone
Proteinases
ISSN:0748-8386, 1099-1700
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Abstract Urbanization is a world‐wide phenomenon and results in a radical and sometimes total change in living conditions. This process is accompanied by a significant increase in the incidence of western‐type diseases virtually unknown in traditional rural communities. Especially in a multicultural society like South Africa, rural people moving to the city will experience cultural shock leading in many cases to a large degree of acculturation. In this study the effect of acculturation on endocrine reactivity was studied in a population of Tswanas. It was found that significant differences in endocrine reactivity exist not only between rural Tswanas and urban whites but in some instances also between rural Tswanas and urban Tswanas. During the cold pressor test, the testosterone reactivity and to a lesser extent the prolactin reactivity of the urban Tswanas tended to approach that of the white group as a function of their level of acculturation. All the Tswana groups had a significantly higher plasma renin activity during acute stress than the whites, which could have a bearing on the tendency of urban blacks to develop hypertension.
AbstractList Urbanization is a world‐wide phenomenon and results in a radical and sometimes total change in living conditions. This process is accompanied by a significant increase in the incidence of western‐type diseases virtually unknown in traditional rural communities. Especially in a multicultural society like South Africa, rural people moving to the city will experience cultural shock leading in many cases to a large degree of acculturation. In this study the effect of acculturation on endocrine reactivity was studied in a population of Tswanas. It was found that significant differences in endocrine reactivity exist not only between rural Tswanas and urban whites but in some instances also between rural Tswanas and urban Tswanas. During the cold pressor test, the testosterone reactivity and to a lesser extent the prolactin reactivity of the urban Tswanas tended to approach that of the white group as a function of their level of acculturation. All the Tswana groups had a significantly higher plasma renin activity during acute stress than the whites, which could have a bearing on the tendency of urban blacks to develop hypertension.
Author Brits, J.S.
Pretorius, P.J.
Laubscher, P.J.
Huisman, H.W.
Eloff, F.C.
Kruger, A.
Malan, N.T.
Steyn, H.S.
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  surname: Malan
  fullname: Malan, N.T.
  organization: Department of Physiology, Potchefstroom University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa. Tel: South Africa 992436. Fax: South Africa 992799
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  givenname: J.S.
  surname: Brits
  fullname: Brits, J.S.
  organization: Department of Physiology, Potchefstroom University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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  givenname: F.C.
  surname: Eloff
  fullname: Eloff, F.C.
  organization: Department of Physiology, Potchefstroom University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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  givenname: H.W.
  surname: Huisman
  fullname: Huisman, H.W.
  organization: Department of Physiology, Potchefstroom University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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  surname: Kruger
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  fullname: Laubscher, P.J.
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  organization: Department of Physiology, Potchefstroom University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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  givenname: H.S.
  surname: Steyn
  fullname: Steyn, H.S.
  organization: Statistical Consultation Services, Potchefstroom University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Cites_doi 10.1016/0024-3205(90)90456-2
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10.1016/0024-3205(85)90099-2
10.1161/01.HYP.11.4.308
10.2466/pms.1987.64.1.75
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Issue 1
Keywords Human
Urban environment
Enzyme
Negroid
Cortisol
Stress
Testosterone
Renin angiotensin system
Acculturation
Renin
Adenohypophyseal hormone
Prolactin
Cultural environment
Adrenal hormone
Race
Hydrolases
Aspartic endopeptidases
Hormonal investigation
Sex steroid hormone
Proteinases
Language English
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PublicationTitle Stress medicine
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PublicationYear 1996
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Wiley
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Henry, J. P., Stephens P. M. and Ely, D. L. Psychosocial hypertension and the defence and defeat reactions, J. Hypertens. 1986; 4: 687-689.
Murphy, J. S., Alpert, B. S., Moes D. M. and Somes, G. W. Race and cardiovascular reactivity-a neglected relationship. Hypertension 1986; 8: 1075-1083.
Muna, W. F. Cardiovascular disorders in Africa. World Health Stat. Q. 1993; 46: 125-133.
Drago, F., Continella, G. Conforto, G. and Scapagnini, U. Prolactin inhibits the development of stress-induced ulcers in the rat. Life Sci. 1985; 36: 191-197.
Idahosa, P. E. Hypertension: An ongoing health hazard in Nigerian workers. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1987; 125: 85-91.
Bray, G. A. and Gray, D. S. Obesity Part 1: Pathogenesis. West. J. Med. 1988; 149: 431.
Malan, N. T., Eloff, F. C., Pretorius, P. J., Van der Merwe, J. S., Huisman, H. W. and Laubscher, P. J. A comparison of endocrine reactions to different types of acute stressors in rural and urban black populations. Stress Med. 1992; 8: 213-218.
Seedat, Y. K., Hacland D. B. T. and Mpotshane, J. The prevalence of hypertension in rural Zulus. S. Afr. Med. J. 1981; 60: 7-10.
Monder, C., Sakai, R. R., Miroff, Y., Blanchard, D. C. and Blanchard, R. J. Reciprocal changes in plasma corticosterone and testosterone in stressed male rats maintained in a visible burrow system: Evidence for a mediating role of testicular 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Endocrinology (United Stares) 1994; 134: 1193-1198.
Aldrich, R. A. The social context of change. Psych. Ann. 1986; 16: 613-618.
Murphy, J. S., Alpert, B. S., Walker, S. S., and Willey, E. S. Race and cardiovascular reactivity-a replication. Hypertension 1988: 11: 308-311.
Yelvington, D. B., Weiss G. K. and Ratner, A. Effect of corticosterone on the prolactin response to psychological and physical stress in rats. Life Sci. 1984; 35: 1705-1711.
Boyle, A. M., and Santelli, J. C. Assessing psychomotor skills: The role of the Crawford Small Parts Dexterity Test as a screening instrument. J. Dent. Educ. 1986; 50: 176-179.
Hollenberg, N. K., Williams G. H. and Adams, D. F. Essential hypertension: Abnormal renal vascular and endocrine responses to a mild psychological stimulus. Hypertension 1981; 3: 11-17.
Gala, R. The physiology and mechanisms of the stress-induced changes in prolactin secretion in the rat. Life Sci. 1990; 46: 1407-1420.
Mufunda, J., Somova, L. and Chifamba, J. Path physiological mechanisms of urbanisation-related hypertension and the sodium pressor response in black Zimbabweans. S. Afr. Med. J. 1993; 83: 507-510.
Yach, D. Urbanization in South Africa-consequences for health. SA Med. J. 1988; 74: 479-480.
Henry, J. P. Mechanisms by which stress can lead to coronary heart disease. Post grad. Med. J. 1986; 62: 687-693.
Ursin, H., Baade, E., and Levine, S. Psychobiology of Stress. Academic Press, New York, 1978.
Van der Walt T. S. P. and De Ridder, J. H. Protective Clothing, Vol. I. Anthropometric Data of Men in the Armed Forces. Potchefstroom University, Potchefstroom, 1991.
Watkins, L. O. Epidemiology of coronary heart disease in populations: Methodologic proposals. Am. Heart J. 1984; 108: 635-640.
Arthur, A. C. Stress as a state of anticipatory-vigilance. Percept. Motor Skills 1987; 64: 75-85.
Greenspan S. F. and Baxter, J. D. (Eds) Basic and Clinical Endocrinology, 4th edn. Prentice-Hall International, 1994.
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References_xml – reference: Henry, J. P. Mechanisms by which stress can lead to coronary heart disease. Post grad. Med. J. 1986; 62: 687-693.
– reference: Bray, G. A. and Gray, D. S. Obesity Part 1: Pathogenesis. West. J. Med. 1988; 149: 431.
– reference: Idahosa, P. E. Hypertension: An ongoing health hazard in Nigerian workers. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1987; 125: 85-91.
– reference: Lore, W. Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases in Africa with special reference to Kenya: An overview. East Afr, Med. J. (Kenya) 1993; 70: 357-361.
– reference: Henry, J. P., Stephens P. M. and Ely, D. L. Psychosocial hypertension and the defence and defeat reactions, J. Hypertens. 1986; 4: 687-689.
– reference: Greenspan S. F. and Baxter, J. D. (Eds) Basic and Clinical Endocrinology, 4th edn. Prentice-Hall International, 1994.
– reference: Drago, F., Continella, G. Conforto, G. and Scapagnini, U. Prolactin inhibits the development of stress-induced ulcers in the rat. Life Sci. 1985; 36: 191-197.
– reference: Monder, C., Sakai, R. R., Miroff, Y., Blanchard, D. C. and Blanchard, R. J. Reciprocal changes in plasma corticosterone and testosterone in stressed male rats maintained in a visible burrow system: Evidence for a mediating role of testicular 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Endocrinology (United Stares) 1994; 134: 1193-1198.
– reference: Watkins, L. O. Epidemiology of coronary heart disease in populations: Methodologic proposals. Am. Heart J. 1984; 108: 635-640.
– reference: Arthur, A. C. Stress as a state of anticipatory-vigilance. Percept. Motor Skills 1987; 64: 75-85.
– reference: Malan, N. T., Eloff, F. C., Pretorius, P. J., Van der Merwe, J. S., Huisman, H. W. and Laubscher, P. J. A comparison of endocrine reactions to different types of acute stressors in rural and urban black populations. Stress Med. 1992; 8: 213-218.
– reference: Murphy, J. S., Alpert, B. S., Moes D. M. and Somes, G. W. Race and cardiovascular reactivity-a neglected relationship. Hypertension 1986; 8: 1075-1083.
– reference: Hollenberg, N. K., Williams G. H. and Adams, D. F. Essential hypertension: Abnormal renal vascular and endocrine responses to a mild psychological stimulus. Hypertension 1981; 3: 11-17.
– reference: Ursin, H., Baade, E., and Levine, S. Psychobiology of Stress. Academic Press, New York, 1978.
– reference: Mufunda, J., Somova, L. and Chifamba, J. Path physiological mechanisms of urbanisation-related hypertension and the sodium pressor response in black Zimbabweans. S. Afr. Med. J. 1993; 83: 507-510.
– reference: Aldrich, R. A. The social context of change. Psych. Ann. 1986; 16: 613-618.
– reference: Yach, D. Urbanization in South Africa-consequences for health. SA Med. J. 1988; 74: 479-480.
– reference: Murphy, J. S., Alpert, B. S., Walker, S. S., and Willey, E. S. Race and cardiovascular reactivity-a replication. Hypertension 1988: 11: 308-311.
– reference: Van der Walt T. S. P. and De Ridder, J. H. Protective Clothing, Vol. I. Anthropometric Data of Men in the Armed Forces. Potchefstroom University, Potchefstroom, 1991.
– reference: Gala, R. The physiology and mechanisms of the stress-induced changes in prolactin secretion in the rat. Life Sci. 1990; 46: 1407-1420.
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Snippet Urbanization is a world‐wide phenomenon and results in a radical and sometimes total change in living conditions. This process is accompanied by a significant...
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StartPage 55
SubjectTerms Biological and medical sciences
cortisol
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
hormone
hypertension
Personality. Affectivity
prolactin
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
race
renin activity
rural
Stress
testosterone
urbanization
western-type diseases
Title The influence of acculturation on endocrine reactivity during acute stress in urban black males
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Volume 12
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