Active 3-D Thermography Based on Feature-Free Registration of Thermogram Sequence and 3-D Shape Via a Single Thermal Camera

Active three-dimensional(3-D) thermography combines 3-D shape and active thermography. Thus, it enables the provision of the intuitive thermographic inspection results for composite parts with a complex geometry. However, conventional 3-D thermography acquires thermographic information and 3-D shape...

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Veröffentlicht in:	IEEE transactions on industrial electronics (1982) Jg. 69; H. 11; S. 11774 - 11784
Hauptverfasser:	Deng, Baoyuan, Wu, Wentao, Li, Xiang, Wang, Hongjin, He, Yunze, Shen, Guoji, Tang, Yongpeng, Zhou, Ke, Zhang, Zhenjun, Wang, Yaonan
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	New York IEEE 01.11.2022 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Schlagworte:	active thermography Algorithms Cameras Carbon fibers defect inspection Defects Fiber composites Glass fibers Image reconstruction Image registration Inspection Laser modes laser profiler laser thermography line scanning thermography (LST) Mathematical models Measurement by laser beam Moving object recognition Quality control Registration Robustness (mathematics) Scanning Shape Solid modeling Thermography Three dimensional composites Three dimensional printing Three-dimensional (3-D) thermography Three-dimensional displays Triangulation
ISSN:	0278-0046, 1557-9948
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Abstract	Active three-dimensional(3-D) thermography combines 3-D shape and active thermography. Thus, it enables the provision of the intuitive thermographic inspection results for composite parts with a complex geometry. However, conventional 3-D thermography acquires thermographic information and 3-D shape through at least two independent sensors and requires complex cross-modal image registration algorithm based on the keypoint detection and matching. In this article, an active 3-D thermography system is proposed using only one thermal camera for moving objects. This system does not require an independent 3-D sensor while the thermal camera acts as the 3-D sensor. Nature behind that is that a mathematical model is proposed to unify the line scanning thermography and laser triangulation in the dynamic scanning process, taking a line laser as both heat excitation for active thermography and spatial coding for 3-D reconstruction. Furthermore, the model enables the feature-free registration of thermogram sequence and 3-D shape, so that the registration is fast and robust without keypoint features. The experiments on standard height specimens, 3-D printing glass fiber composites, and carbon fiber intake tube have shown the error is calibrated within 0.25 mm in the range of 1 to 150 mm and evidenced the capability for subsurface defects detection. The ease and robustness of the proposed active 3-D thermography have a bright future for 3-D measurement, defects detection, and quality control in the production line.
AbstractList	Active three-dimensional(3-D) thermography combines 3-D shape and active thermography. Thus, it enables the provision of the intuitive thermographic inspection results for composite parts with a complex geometry. However, conventional 3-D thermography acquires thermographic information and 3-D shape through at least two independent sensors and requires complex cross-modal image registration algorithm based on the keypoint detection and matching. In this article, an active 3-D thermography system is proposed using only one thermal camera for moving objects. This system does not require an independent 3-D sensor while the thermal camera acts as the 3-D sensor. Nature behind that is that a mathematical model is proposed to unify the line scanning thermography and laser triangulation in the dynamic scanning process, taking a line laser as both heat excitation for active thermography and spatial coding for 3-D reconstruction. Furthermore, the model enables the feature-free registration of thermogram sequence and 3-D shape, so that the registration is fast and robust without keypoint features. The experiments on standard height specimens, 3-D printing glass fiber composites, and carbon fiber intake tube have shown the error is calibrated within 0.25 mm in the range of 1 to 150 mm and evidenced the capability for subsurface defects detection. The ease and robustness of the proposed active 3-D thermography have a bright future for 3-D measurement, defects detection, and quality control in the production line.
Author	Wang, Hongjin Zhou, Ke Tang, Yongpeng Zhang, Zhenjun Shen, Guoji Wang, Yaonan Li, Xiang Wu, Wentao He, Yunze Deng, Baoyuan
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SubjectTerms	active thermography Algorithms Cameras Carbon fibers defect inspection Defects Fiber composites Glass fibers Image reconstruction Image registration Inspection Laser modes laser profiler laser thermography line scanning thermography (LST) Mathematical models Measurement by laser beam Moving object recognition Quality control Registration Robustness (mathematics) Scanning Shape Solid modeling Thermography Three dimensional composites Three dimensional printing Three-dimensional (3-D) thermography Three-dimensional displays Triangulation
Title	Active 3-D Thermography Based on Feature-Free Registration of Thermogram Sequence and 3-D Shape Via a Single Thermal Camera
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