Low-Complexity Hybrid Precoding for Multi-User MmWave Systems With Low-Resolution Phase Shifters

Large-scale antennas systems have been attracted significant attention to provide considerable array gains for millimeter wave (mmWave) communications systems. However, huge hardware complexity and power consumptions make the conventional precoding architectures impractical to realize. Recently, hyb...

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Published in:	IEEE transactions on vehicular technology Vol. 68; no. 10; pp. 9774 - 9784
Main Authors:	Dong, Fuwang, Wang, Wei, Wei, Zhenyu
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	New York IEEE 01.10.2019 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects:	Algorithms Antennas Array signal processing Baseband Beamforming Communications systems Complexity Complexity theory Computer simulation hybrid precoder and combiner Interference low computational complexity low-resolution phase shifters Millimeter wave (mmWave) multi-user communications Millimeter waves multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Performance enhancement Phase shifters Power consumption Precoding Principal components analysis Radio frequency Singular value decomposition
ISSN:	0018-9545, 1939-9359
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Abstract	Large-scale antennas systems have been attracted significant attention to provide considerable array gains for millimeter wave (mmWave) communications systems. However, huge hardware complexity and power consumptions make the conventional precoding architectures impractical to realize. Recently, hybrid precoding structures for mmWave communications systems are widely investigated to save the cost and achieve satisfactory performance. Unfortunately, most existing precoder designs lie in the assumption of infinite or high-resolution phase shifters (PSs), which are also difficult to realize in real-world. Motivated by this fact, a low complexity hybrid precoder and combiner design for multi-user systems with two-bit resolution PSs is proposed in this paper, which provides an appropriate trade-off between energy efficiency and system sum-rate. Specifically, the candidate sets for analog beamforming are constructed by introducing the auxiliary variables, in which the number of elements is the same as that of antennas. Accordingly, the computational complexity of searching optimal beamformer is significantly reduced over proposed codebooks. Then, to avoid high complexity singular value decomposition (SVD) of channel matrix, we propose a rank-1 approximate decomposition algorithm based-on principal component analysis technique. At last, the user scheduling algorithm is presented to further improve the performance in multiuser-scenario. Simulation results verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms, the performance of which is close to the optimal unquantized precoder.
AbstractList	Large-scale antennas systems have been attracted significant attention to provide considerable array gains for millimeter wave (mmWave) communications systems. However, huge hardware complexity and power consumptions make the conventional precoding architectures impractical to realize. Recently, hybrid precoding structures for mmWave communications systems are widely investigated to save the cost and achieve satisfactory performance. Unfortunately, most existing precoder designs lie in the assumption of infinite or high-resolution phase shifters (PSs), which are also difficult to realize in real-world. Motivated by this fact, a low complexity hybrid precoder and combiner design for multi-user systems with two-bit resolution PSs is proposed in this paper, which provides an appropriate trade-off between energy efficiency and system sum-rate. Specifically, the candidate sets for analog beamforming are constructed by introducing the auxiliary variables, in which the number of elements is the same as that of antennas. Accordingly, the computational complexity of searching optimal beamformer is significantly reduced over proposed codebooks. Then, to avoid high complexity singular value decomposition (SVD) of channel matrix, we propose a rank-1 approximate decomposition algorithm based-on principal component analysis technique. At last, the user scheduling algorithm is presented to further improve the performance in multiuser-scenario. Simulation results verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms, the performance of which is close to the optimal unquantized precoder.
Author	Wang, Wei Dong, Fuwang Wei, Zhenyu
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Fuwang orcidid: 0000-0001-6522-9082 surname: Dong fullname: Dong, Fuwang email: dongfuwang@hrbeu.edu.cn organization: College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Wei orcidid: 0000-0002-4392-1884 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Wei email: wangwei407@hrbeu.edu.cn organization: College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Zhenyu surname: Wei fullname: Wei, Zhenyu email: g-weizhenyu@hrbeu.edu.cn organization: College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China
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SubjectTerms	Algorithms Antennas Array signal processing Baseband Beamforming Communications systems Complexity Complexity theory Computer simulation hybrid precoder and combiner Interference low computational complexity low-resolution phase shifters Millimeter wave (mmWave) multi-user communications Millimeter waves multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Performance enhancement Phase shifters Power consumption Precoding Principal components analysis Radio frequency Singular value decomposition
Title	Low-Complexity Hybrid Precoding for Multi-User MmWave Systems With Low-Resolution Phase Shifters
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