A Disturbance Observer-Based Current-Constrained Controller for Speed Regulation of PMSM Systems Subject to Unmatched Disturbances

The speed regulation problem of permanent magnet synchronous motor system is investigated under a noncascade structure. Despite its superiority in straightforward control design, simple parameter adjustment, and satisfying system dynamic performance, the structure brings two problems: the overcurren...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:	IEEE transactions on industrial electronics (1982) Jg. 68; H. 1; S. 767 - 775
Hauptverfasser:	Dai, Chen, Guo, Tianliang, Yang, Jun, Li, Shihua
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	New York IEEE 01.01.2021 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Schlagworte:	Algorithms Circuits Constraints Control algorithms Control design Control stability Control theory Controllers Current constraint Design parameters disturbance observer (DOB) Disturbance observers Estimation Heuristic algorithms Overcurrent permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) Permanent magnets Regulation speed regulation Stability analysis Synchronous motors System dynamics Torque unmatched disturbance
ISSN:	0278-0046, 1557-9948
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
Tags:	Tag hinzufügen Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!

Abstract	The speed regulation problem of permanent magnet synchronous motor system is investigated under a noncascade structure. Despite its superiority in straightforward control design, simple parameter adjustment, and satisfying system dynamic performance, the structure brings two problems: the overcurrent protection and unmatched disturbance rejection. Under this structure, the current cannot any more be restricted by a reference value, and ought to be constrained within a certain range to ensure the circuit safety. Besides, unmatched disturbances, mainly caused by external load torques, may result in undesired interference and violate the constraint requirement, since they affect the current directly via the same channel. Toward that end, a novel current-constrained control algorithm is designed to tackle the current constraint and unmatched disturbances simultaneously. A disturbance observer (DOB) is utilized for unmatched disturbance estimation. A constraint coping mechanism is constructed to restrict the current. Then, a key nonlinear item is proposed by augmenting the disturbance estimation and the constrained current. Finally, a composite controller is proposed with concise structure and rigorous closed-loop stability analysis. Numerical and experimental tests further validate that the proposed control approach achieves promising speed tracking performance and guarantees the current constraint in the presence of unmatched disturbances.
AbstractList	The speed regulation problem of permanent magnet synchronous motor system is investigated under a noncascade structure. Despite its superiority in straightforward control design, simple parameter adjustment, and satisfying system dynamic performance, the structure brings two problems: the overcurrent protection and unmatched disturbance rejection. Under this structure, the current cannot any more be restricted by a reference value, and ought to be constrained within a certain range to ensure the circuit safety. Besides, unmatched disturbances, mainly caused by external load torques, may result in undesired interference and violate the constraint requirement, since they affect the current directly via the same channel. Toward that end, a novel current-constrained control algorithm is designed to tackle the current constraint and unmatched disturbances simultaneously. A disturbance observer (DOB) is utilized for unmatched disturbance estimation. A constraint coping mechanism is constructed to restrict the current. Then, a key nonlinear item is proposed by augmenting the disturbance estimation and the constrained current. Finally, a composite controller is proposed with concise structure and rigorous closed-loop stability analysis. Numerical and experimental tests further validate that the proposed control approach achieves promising speed tracking performance and guarantees the current constraint in the presence of unmatched disturbances.
Author	Guo, Tianliang Dai, Chen Yang, Jun Li, Shihua
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Chen orcidid: 0000-0002-2159-080X surname: Dai fullname: Dai, Chen email: daichen_seu@seu.edu.cn organization: School of Automation, Southeast University, Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of CSE, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Tianliang orcidid: 0000-0001-5081-2080 surname: Guo fullname: Guo, Tianliang email: gtl@seu.edu.cn organization: School of Automation, Southeast University, Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of CSE, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Jun orcidid: 0000-0002-4290-9568 surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Jun email: j.yang84@seu.edu.cn organization: School of Automation, Southeast University, Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of CSE, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Shihua orcidid: 0000-0001-9044-7137 surname: Li fullname: Li, Shihua email: lsh@seu.edu.cn organization: School of Automation, Southeast University, Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of CSE, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
BookMark	eNp9kEtr20AUhYeQQJyk-0I2A13LmTsvScvUzQtiEmJ7LUajq1RGnnFnRoFs88sj16aULrq6cDjfPfCdkWPnHRLyFdgUgJVXy4ebKWecTQVjiuXyiExAqTwrS1kckwnjeZExJvUpOYtxzRhIBWpCPq7pjy6mIdTGWaRPdcTwhiH7biI2dDaEgC5lM-9iCqZzu8y7FHzfY6CtD3SxxTF8wdehN6nzjvqWPs8Xc7p4jwk3kS6Geo020eTpym1Msj_H_l-b8YKctKaP-OVwz8nq9mY5u88en-4eZtePmeUlpEwYW-SGIfJcoiqaUhsDrFbYyLpRXNdNCy2Hsi204LXQuTKgOZgGILdWW3FOvu3_boP_NWBM1doPwY2TFZdKSl0WSo4ttm_Z4GMM2Fbb0G1MeK-AVTvT1Wi62pmuDqZHRP-D2C79lrFz1v8PvNyDHSL-2SlBCAGF-ARLM457
CODEN	ITIED6
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1002_asjc_3297 crossref_primary_10_1109_TTE_2021_3138922 crossref_primary_10_1002_tee_23410 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijepes_2022_108439 crossref_primary_10_1109_TTE_2023_3236431 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jfranklin_2023_10_021 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jfranklin_2025_107527 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIE_2023_3245213 crossref_primary_10_3390_e24081028 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12555_021_0752_2 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_conengprac_2023_105677 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIE_2022_3222679 crossref_primary_10_3390_sym14091873 crossref_primary_10_1109_TFUZZ_2024_3486750 crossref_primary_10_1109_TFUZZ_2023_3279912 crossref_primary_10_3390_en14217293 crossref_primary_10_1088_1674_4527_ad0826 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11071_023_08243_x crossref_primary_10_3390_en14041015 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIE_2023_3325589 crossref_primary_10_1109_TTE_2024_3389044 crossref_primary_10_1109_JESTPE_2022_3219431 crossref_primary_10_3390_en18102661 crossref_primary_10_3390_fractalfract7010021 crossref_primary_10_1109_TII_2023_3272689 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIE_2024_3352165 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIE_2024_3417971 crossref_primary_10_1109_TTE_2023_3304173 crossref_primary_10_1109_TTE_2024_3441832 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSII_2022_3233356 crossref_primary_10_3390_sym13091680 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00521_021_06722_z crossref_primary_10_1109_TAES_2025_3559038 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cja_2024_11_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jfranklin_2024_106932 crossref_primary_10_1002_rnc_7858 crossref_primary_10_1109_LRA_2022_3204815 crossref_primary_10_3390_math12111716 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_conengprac_2022_105412 crossref_primary_10_1177_00202940221095564 crossref_primary_10_1109_TTE_2022_3148412 crossref_primary_10_1109_TTE_2021_3060102 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engappai_2023_107833 crossref_primary_10_3390_machines13070541 crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics14071466 crossref_primary_10_3390_machines13080715 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIE_2022_3177759 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPEL_2024_3471866 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIE_2022_3150113 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2024_122802 crossref_primary_10_1049_cth2_12751 crossref_primary_10_3390_math12223475 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIE_2022_3220886 crossref_primary_10_1109_TTE_2023_3318740 crossref_primary_10_1002_rnc_6911 crossref_primary_10_1109_TEC_2024_3406380 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42835_024_01964_y crossref_primary_10_1002_cta_3929 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12555_024_0202_z crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2022_3195637 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPEL_2025_3554701 crossref_primary_10_1007_s43236_022_00437_7 crossref_primary_10_1109_TASE_2025_3599216 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ins_2023_01_005 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00202_024_02655_7 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3167429 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCST_2023_3338576 crossref_primary_10_1177_01423312241280093 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00202_023_01958_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_conengprac_2024_105875 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPEL_2025_3577447 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2024_3366577 crossref_primary_10_1109_TASE_2023_3260099 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPEL_2021_3126581 crossref_primary_10_1109_TASE_2025_3580362 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPEL_2022_3218861 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_asr_2024_07_004 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11768_025_00249_7 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPEL_2023_3340239 crossref_primary_10_1109_TTE_2024_3495492 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apm_2025_116258 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_isatra_2021_04_013 crossref_primary_10_1109_TAC_2023_3244153 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPEL_2021_3088418 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPEL_2025_3576340 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2024_3396909 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIE_2022_3229327 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ins_2025_122453 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIE_2023_3239938 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijepes_2025_110579 crossref_primary_10_3390_en15186573 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijepes_2023_109430 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPEL_2024_3502396 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIE_2024_3406884 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jfranklin_2024_106857 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSII_2023_3331377 crossref_primary_10_3390_fractalfract6010047 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPEL_2025_3566215 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPEL_2024_3515086 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIE_2022_3158009 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPEL_2024_3380322 crossref_primary_10_3390_math11224666 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2024_3428860 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPEL_2022_3218842 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3110259 crossref_primary_10_1109_TII_2021_3107635 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_dt_2023_11_007 crossref_primary_10_1109_TASE_2024_3352071 crossref_primary_10_3390_en18082112 crossref_primary_10_1109_TEC_2023_3329931 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIE_2024_3511138 crossref_primary_10_1177_01423312231185387 crossref_primary_10_3390_fractalfract7120858 crossref_primary_10_1109_TTE_2021_3136893 crossref_primary_10_3390_app15179469 crossref_primary_10_3390_fractalfract8070368 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMECH_2023_3242663 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCST_2024_3416416 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPEL_2024_3479712 crossref_primary_10_3390_a16090404 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jfranklin_2024_107095 crossref_primary_10_1002_rnc_7495
Cites_doi	10.1177/0142331219871210 10.1109/TIE.2019.2920600 10.1177/0142331217719956 10.1109/MMAR.2014.6957443 10.1109/TIE.2019.2914647 10.1109/TIE.2015.2497302 10.1109/TIE.2008.2007547 10.1016/j.automatica.2004.03.002 10.1109/41.744410 10.1109/TIE.2016.2532843 10.1109/ISIE.2019.8781436 10.1080/00207178808906132 10.1109/TII.2018.2860968 10.1109/TAC.2004.829614 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2017.03.009 10.1109/TAC.1983.1103127 10.1080/00207179.2019.1590648 10.1109/TIE.2015.2450736 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2926985 10.1109/TPEL.2012.2204277 10.1177/1687814017728691 10.1049/iet-cta.2018.5821 10.1109/TIE.2019.2918477 10.1109/TAC.2019.2940567 10.1016/j.sysconle.2005.09.014 10.1109/TIE.2013.2288200 10.1049/iet-cta.2018.5197 10.1109/TIE.2018.2878119 10.1109/TCST.2008.2000981 10.1080/00207179.2019.1669826 10.1109/TIE.2016.2583412 10.1109/TCYB.2018.2890256 10.1016/j.automatica.2015.10.034 10.1109/TCST.2017.2758347 10.1007/s11071-018-4704-1 10.1177/0142331210361555 10.1016/j.automatica.2015.10.019 10.1109/TCST.2014.2325895 10.1109/TIE.1987.350923
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2021
Copyright_xml	– notice: Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2021
DBID	97E RIA RIE AAYXX CITATION 7SP 8FD L7M
DOI	10.1109/TIE.2020.3005074
DatabaseName	IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005–Present IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998–Present IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) CrossRef Electronics & Communications Abstracts Technology Research Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef Technology Research Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace Electronics & Communications Abstracts
DatabaseTitleList	Technology Research Database
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: RIE name: IEEE Xplore url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ sourceTypes: Publisher
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Engineering
EISSN	1557-9948
EndPage	775
ExternalDocumentID	10_1109_TIE_2020_3005074 9133318
Genre	orig-research
GrantInformation_xml	– fundername: National Natural Science Foundation of China grantid: 61973080; 61973081 funderid: 10.13039/501100001809
GroupedDBID	-~X .DC 0R~ 29I 4.4 5GY 5VS 6IK 97E 9M8 AAJGR AARMG AASAJ AAWTH ABAZT ABQJQ ABVLG ACGFO ACGFS ACIWK ACKIV ACNCT AENEX AETIX AGQYO AGSQL AHBIQ AI. AIBXA AKJIK AKQYR ALLEH ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ASUFR ATWAV BEFXN BFFAM BGNUA BKEBE BPEOZ CS3 DU5 EBS EJD HZ~ H~9 IBMZZ ICLAB IFIPE IFJZH IPLJI JAVBF LAI M43 MS~ O9- OCL P2P RIA RIE RNS TAE TN5 TWZ VH1 VJK AAYXX CITATION 7SP 8FD L7M
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c291t-3ac87a0ee274e58d96aa10b5ed4bd526bdf1f219f8632b3675a1621ad117cc6c3
IEDL.DBID	RIE
ISICitedReferencesCount	138
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000584255900070&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	0278-0046
IngestDate	Mon Jun 30 10:19:21 EDT 2025 Sat Nov 29 01:31:48 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 22:35:38 EST 2025 Wed Aug 27 02:31:10 EDT 2025
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	1
Language	English
License	https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplorehelp/downloads/license-information/IEEE.html https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-037
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c291t-3ac87a0ee274e58d96aa10b5ed4bd526bdf1f219f8632b3675a1621ad117cc6c3
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14
ORCID	0000-0002-4290-9568 0000-0001-5081-2080 0000-0001-9044-7137 0000-0002-2159-080X
PQID	2454469854
PQPubID	85464
PageCount	9
ParticipantIDs	proquest_journals_2454469854 crossref_citationtrail_10_1109_TIE_2020_3005074 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIE_2020_3005074 ieee_primary_9133318
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2021-Jan. 2021-1-00 20210101
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2021-01-01
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 01 year: 2021 text: 2021-Jan.
PublicationDecade	2020
PublicationPlace	New York
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: New York
PublicationTitle	IEEE transactions on industrial electronics (1982)
PublicationTitleAbbrev	TIE
PublicationYear	2021
Publisher	IEEE The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher_xml	– name: IEEE – name: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
References	ref35 ref13 ref34 ref12 ref37 ref15 ref36 ref14 ref31 ref30 ref33 ref11 ref32 ref2 ref1 ref39 ref38 ref16 ref19 ref18 tee (ref24) 2009; 17 li (ref17) 2020; 14 ref23 ref26 ref25 krishnan (ref10) 2001 ref20 ref22 ref21 ref28 ref27 ref29 ref8 ref7 ref9 ref4 ref3 ref6 ref5 ref40
References_xml	– ident: ref38 doi: 10.1177/0142331219871210 – ident: ref3 doi: 10.1109/TIE.2019.2920600 – year: 2001 ident: ref10 publication-title: Electric Motor Drives Modeling Analysis and Control – ident: ref11 doi: 10.1177/0142331217719956 – ident: ref8 doi: 10.1109/MMAR.2014.6957443 – ident: ref1 doi: 10.1109/TIE.2019.2914647 – ident: ref6 doi: 10.1109/TIE.2015.2497302 – ident: ref5 doi: 10.1109/TIE.2008.2007547 – ident: ref18 doi: 10.1016/j.automatica.2004.03.002 – ident: ref39 doi: 10.1109/41.744410 – ident: ref7 doi: 10.1109/TIE.2016.2532843 – ident: ref12 doi: 10.1109/ISIE.2019.8781436 – ident: ref16 doi: 10.1080/00207178808906132 – ident: ref28 doi: 10.1109/TII.2018.2860968 – ident: ref15 doi: 10.1109/TAC.2004.829614 – ident: ref35 doi: 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2017.03.009 – ident: ref14 doi: 10.1109/TAC.1983.1103127 – ident: ref2 doi: 10.1080/00207179.2019.1590648 – ident: ref19 doi: 10.1109/TIE.2015.2450736 – ident: ref36 doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2926985 – ident: ref9 doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2012.2204277 – ident: ref37 doi: 10.1177/1687814017728691 – volume: 14 start-page: 63 year: 2020 ident: ref17 article-title: Nonlinear-disturbance-observer-enhanced MPC for motion control systems with multiple disturbances publication-title: IET Control Theory Appl doi: 10.1049/iet-cta.2018.5821 – ident: ref4 doi: 10.1109/TIE.2019.2918477 – ident: ref30 doi: 10.1109/TAC.2019.2940567 – ident: ref20 doi: 10.1016/j.sysconle.2005.09.014 – ident: ref26 doi: 10.1109/TIE.2013.2288200 – ident: ref40 doi: 10.1049/iet-cta.2018.5197 – ident: ref13 doi: 10.1109/TIE.2018.2878119 – volume: 17 start-page: 340 year: 2009 ident: ref24 article-title: Adaptive control of electrostatic microactuators with bidirectional drive publication-title: IEEE Trans Control Syst Technol doi: 10.1109/TCST.2008.2000981 – ident: ref32 doi: 10.1080/00207179.2019.1669826 – ident: ref31 doi: 10.1109/TIE.2016.2583412 – ident: ref22 doi: 10.1109/TCYB.2018.2890256 – ident: ref23 doi: 10.1016/j.automatica.2015.10.034 – ident: ref27 doi: 10.1109/TCST.2017.2758347 – ident: ref21 doi: 10.1007/s11071-018-4704-1 – ident: ref33 doi: 10.1177/0142331210361555 – ident: ref34 doi: 10.1016/j.automatica.2015.10.019 – ident: ref25 doi: 10.1109/TCST.2014.2325895 – ident: ref29 doi: 10.1109/TIE.1987.350923
SSID	ssj0014515
Score	2.6577792
Snippet	The speed regulation problem of permanent magnet synchronous motor system is investigated under a noncascade structure. Despite its superiority in...
SourceID	proquest crossref ieee
SourceType	Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher
StartPage	767
SubjectTerms	Algorithms Circuits Constraints Control algorithms Control design Control stability Control theory Controllers Current constraint Design parameters disturbance observer (DOB) Disturbance observers Estimation Heuristic algorithms Overcurrent permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) Permanent magnets Regulation speed regulation Stability analysis Synchronous motors System dynamics Torque unmatched disturbance
Title	A Disturbance Observer-Based Current-Constrained Controller for Speed Regulation of PMSM Systems Subject to Unmatched Disturbances
URI	https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9133318 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2454469854
Volume	68
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000584255900070&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVIEE databaseName: IEEE Xplore customDbUrl: eissn: 1557-9948 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0014515 issn: 0278-0046 databaseCode: RIE dateStart: 19820101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ providerName: IEEE
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV1LS8NAEB6seNCDb7FaZQ9eBNdm07z26KNFwVZRC72FfYJQ2pK2_gB_ubObtCiK4C2EXZLwbWbmm9n9BuAMPYwSAbeUcxXTKGMJlVpIqjG0Vq3AKi28ZP5D2utlgwF_WoGL5VkYY4zffGYu3aWv5euxmrtUWZMjocI1WINamqblWa1lxSCKy24FoVOMRdK3KEkGvPl630YiGCI_dWonafTNBfmeKj8Msfcuna3_vdc2bFZRJLkqYd-BFTPahY0v2oJ78HFFbhHCeSEdruRRuvSrKeg1ui1NKlkm6vp1-i4R7l65a31oCoKRLHmZoGMjz2WvekSPjC156r50SSVyTtDmuCQOmY1Jf4SBL8Kvvz5zug_9Tvv15o5WDReoCjmb0ZZQWSoCY5CqmjhDvIRggYyNjqSOw0RqyyyaOJslrVC2kGsIloRMaMZSpRDbA1gdjUfmEIjTgIlVIDC-UZFkQaYs2l4rOBM2QVJch-YCg1xVauTuc4e5ZyUBzxG13KGWV6jV4Xw5Y1Iqcfwxds-htBxXAVSHxgLmvPpVp3kYxZFroxlHR7_POob10G1k8XmXBqzOirk5gTX1PnubFqd-FX4CRt3bIQ
linkProvider	IEEE
linkToHtml	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV1LT-MwEB6xsNLCAVgeojx94LIS3sauk8ZHngLRFgRF4hb5KSGhFqUtP4BfzthJK9CilbhFka0k-iYz843tbwAOMcIYlUhPpTQpFTnLqLZKU4uptWkl3lgVJfM77V4vf3yUt3NwNDsL45yLm8_c33AZ1_Lt0ExCqawpkVChDf6AhVQIzqrTWrM1A5FW_Qp40IxF2jddlExks391jlSQI0MNeidt8SkIxa4q_7jiGF8uVr73ZquwXOeR5LgC_jfMucEaLH1QF1yHt2NyhiBOSh2QJTc6FGBdSU8wcFlSCzPR0LEz9okI96p968-uJJjLkvsXDG3krupWj_iRoSe33fsuqWXOCXqdUMYh4yF5GGDqiwZgPz5ztAEPF-f900tat1yghks2pi1l8rZKnEOy6tIcEVOKJTp1Vmib8kxbzzw6OZ9nLa5byDYUyzhTlrG2MYjuJswPhgO3BSSowKQmUZjhGKFZkhuP3tcryZTPkBY3oDnFoDC1Hnn43Oci8pJEFohaEVAratQa8Gc246XS4vjP2PWA0mxcDVADdqcwF_XPOiq4QHPKZJ6K7a9nHcCvy363U3Suetc7sMjDtpZYhdmF-XE5cXvw07yOn0blfrTId9L43mg
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Disturbance+Observer-Based+Current-Constrained+Controller+for+Speed+Regulation+of+PMSM+Systems+Subject+to+Unmatched+Disturbances&rft.jtitle=IEEE+transactions+on+industrial+electronics+%281982%29&rft.au=Dai%2C+Chen&rft.au=Guo%2C+Tianliang&rft.au=Yang%2C+Jun&rft.au=Li%2C+Shihua&rft.date=2021-01-01&rft.pub=IEEE&rft.issn=0278-0046&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=767&rft.epage=775&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FTIE.2020.3005074&rft.externalDocID=9133318
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0278-0046&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0278-0046&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0278-0046&client=summon