Competitive Cortical Prioritization Emerges for Trained Objects across the First Year of Life
Learning to detect and recognize a broad range of visual objects is a crucial developmental task during the first year of life. However, many of the neurophysiological changes underlying the emergence of this cognitive ability remain poorly understood. The current study tested the hypothesis that tr...
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| Vydáno v: | The Journal of neuroscience Ročník 45; číslo 42 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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15.10.2025
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| ISSN: | 1529-2401, 1529-2401 |
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| Abstract | Learning to detect and recognize a broad range of visual objects is a crucial developmental task during the first year of life. However, many of the neurophysiological changes underlying the emergence of this cognitive ability remain poorly understood. The current study tested the hypothesis that training infants to recognize novel objects leads to selectively enhanced visuocortical responses and a competitive advantage that prioritizes the processing of trained relative to untrained objects. A cross-sectional sample of parent-infant dyads at 6, 9, and 12 months of age read books in which novel objects were associated with different types of labels. The next day, EEG was recorded while infants (
= 51, 24 females and 26 males, 1 unknown) were concurrently presented with trained objects (i.e., from the book) and untrained objects (i.e., novel objects not in the book). Trained and untrained objects flickered at distinct frequencies (5 Hz, 6 Hz) to evoke frequency-tagged steady-state visual evoked potentials (ssVEPs). Analyses of the visuocortical response showed training-related competition effects that increased with age. Specifically, responses to trained stimuli increased while responses to untrained stimuli decreased with age. At 6 months, infants showed no visuocortical bias for trained objects, but by 9 and 12 months, visuocortical responses favored trained objects. This pattern suggests that competitive neural interactions between trained and untrained stimuli may support the development of object recognition and that experience with objects guides attentional prioritization in the infant brain. |
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| AbstractList | Learning to detect and recognize a broad range of visual objects is a crucial developmental task during the first year of life. However, many of the neurophysiological changes underlying the emergence of this cognitive ability remain poorly understood. The current study tested the hypothesis that training infants to recognize novel objects leads to selectively enhanced visuocortical responses and a competitive advantage that prioritizes the processing of trained relative to untrained objects. A cross-sectional sample of parent-infant dyads at 6, 9, and 12 months of age read books in which novel objects were associated with different types of labels. The next day, EEG was recorded while infants (
= 51, 24 females and 26 males, 1 unknown) were concurrently presented with trained objects (i.e., from the book) and untrained objects (i.e., novel objects not in the book). Trained and untrained objects flickered at distinct frequencies (5 Hz, 6 Hz) to evoke frequency-tagged steady-state visual evoked potentials (ssVEPs). Analyses of the visuocortical response showed training-related competition effects that increased with age. Specifically, responses to trained stimuli increased while responses to untrained stimuli decreased with age. At 6 months, infants showed no visuocortical bias for trained objects, but by 9 and 12 months, visuocortical responses favored trained objects. This pattern suggests that competitive neural interactions between trained and untrained stimuli may support the development of object recognition and that experience with objects guides attentional prioritization in the infant brain. Learning to detect and recognize a broad range of visual objects is a crucial developmental task during the first year of life. However, many of the neurophysiological changes underlying the emergence of this cognitive ability remain poorly understood. The current study tested the hypothesis that training infants to recognize novel objects leads to selectively enhanced visuocortical responses and a competitive advantage that prioritizes the processing of trained relative to untrained objects. A cross-sectional sample of parent-infant dyads at 6-, 9-, and 12-months of age read books in which novel objects were associated with different types of labels. The next day, EEG was recorded while infants (N = 51, 24 females and 26 males, 1 unknown) were concurrently presented with trained objects (i.e., from the book) and untrained objects (i.e., novel objects not in the book). Trained and untrained objects flickered at distinct frequencies (5 Hz, 6 Hz) to evoke frequency-tagged steady-state visual evoked potentials (ssVEPs). Analyses of the visuocortical response showed training-related competition effects that increased with age. Specifically, responses to trained stimuli increased while responses to untrained stimuli decreased with age. At 6 months, infants showed no visuocortical bias for trained objects, but by 9 and 12 months, visuocortical responses favored trained objects. This pattern suggests that competitive neural interactions between trained and untrained stimuli may support the development of object recognition and that experience with objects guides attentional prioritization in the infant brain.Significance Statement The present investigation suggests that as infants age, experience with images of objects impacts the selective prioritization of visuocortical resources. Here, learned objects receive increasing attentional priority over a novel object with age. These competitive visuocortical interactions support the development of object recognition throughout the first year of life.Learning to detect and recognize a broad range of visual objects is a crucial developmental task during the first year of life. However, many of the neurophysiological changes underlying the emergence of this cognitive ability remain poorly understood. The current study tested the hypothesis that training infants to recognize novel objects leads to selectively enhanced visuocortical responses and a competitive advantage that prioritizes the processing of trained relative to untrained objects. A cross-sectional sample of parent-infant dyads at 6-, 9-, and 12-months of age read books in which novel objects were associated with different types of labels. The next day, EEG was recorded while infants (N = 51, 24 females and 26 males, 1 unknown) were concurrently presented with trained objects (i.e., from the book) and untrained objects (i.e., novel objects not in the book). Trained and untrained objects flickered at distinct frequencies (5 Hz, 6 Hz) to evoke frequency-tagged steady-state visual evoked potentials (ssVEPs). Analyses of the visuocortical response showed training-related competition effects that increased with age. Specifically, responses to trained stimuli increased while responses to untrained stimuli decreased with age. At 6 months, infants showed no visuocortical bias for trained objects, but by 9 and 12 months, visuocortical responses favored trained objects. This pattern suggests that competitive neural interactions between trained and untrained stimuli may support the development of object recognition and that experience with objects guides attentional prioritization in the infant brain.Significance Statement The present investigation suggests that as infants age, experience with images of objects impacts the selective prioritization of visuocortical resources. Here, learned objects receive increasing attentional priority over a novel object with age. These competitive visuocortical interactions support the development of object recognition throughout the first year of life. |
| Author | Newland, Jamie Keil, Andreas Scott, Lisa S Tebbe, Anna-Lena Sanches Braga Figueira, Jessica Boylan, Maeve R |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Maeve R orcidid: 0000-0002-3698-3569 surname: Boylan fullname: Boylan, Maeve R organization: Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 – sequence: 2 givenname: Anna-Lena orcidid: 0000-0003-4933-2797 surname: Tebbe fullname: Tebbe, Anna-Lena organization: Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 – sequence: 3 givenname: Jamie orcidid: 0000-0002-7791-5730 surname: Newland fullname: Newland, Jamie organization: Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 – sequence: 4 givenname: Jessica orcidid: 0000-0002-9773-1445 surname: Sanches Braga Figueira fullname: Sanches Braga Figueira, Jessica organization: Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 – sequence: 5 givenname: Andreas orcidid: 0000-0002-4064-1924 surname: Keil fullname: Keil, Andreas organization: Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 – sequence: 6 givenname: Lisa S orcidid: 0000-0002-8136-891X surname: Scott fullname: Scott, Lisa S email: lscott@ufl.edu organization: Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 lscott@ufl.edu |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40897643$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | object recognition visuocortical processing infancy cortical competition EEG steady-state visual evoked potentials (ssVEPs) |
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| Snippet | Learning to detect and recognize a broad range of visual objects is a crucial developmental task during the first year of life. However, many of the... |
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| Title | Competitive Cortical Prioritization Emerges for Trained Objects across the First Year of Life |
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