A Survey on LoRa for Smart Agriculture: Current Trends and Future Perspectives

This paper provides a survey on the adoption of LoRa in the agricultural field, and reviews state-of-the-art solutions for Smart Agriculture, analyzing the potential of this technology in different infield applications. In particular, we consider four reference scenarios, namely irrigation systems,...

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Veröffentlicht in:	IEEE internet of things journal Jg. 10; H. 4; S. 1
Hauptverfasser:	Pagano, Antonino, Croce, Daniele, Tinnirello, Ilenia, Vitale, Gianpaolo
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Piscataway IEEE 15.02.2023 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Schlagworte:	Agriculture Computer architecture Internet of Things Internet of Things (IoT) Irrigation systems LoRa LoRaWAN LPWAN Monitoring Network latency Power demand Precision Agriculture Sensors Smart agriculture Smart farming State-of-the-art reviews Temperature sensors Trends Wireless sensor networks Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)
ISSN:	2327-4662, 2327-4662
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Abstract	This paper provides a survey on the adoption of LoRa in the agricultural field, and reviews state-of-the-art solutions for Smart Agriculture, analyzing the potential of this technology in different infield applications. In particular, we consider four reference scenarios, namely irrigation systems, plantation and crop monitoring, tree monitoring, and livestock monitoring, which exhibit heterogeneous requirements in terms of network bandwidth, density, sensors' complexity, and energy demand, as well as latency in the decision process. We discuss how LoRa-based solutions can work in these scenarios, analyzing their scalability, interoperability, network architecture, and energy-efficiency. Finally, we present possible future research directions and point out some open issues which might become the main research trends for the next years.
AbstractList	This paper provides a survey on the adoption of LoRa in the agricultural field, and reviews state-of-the-art solutions for Smart Agriculture, analyzing the potential of this technology in different infield applications. In particular, we consider four reference scenarios, namely irrigation systems, plantation and crop monitoring, tree monitoring, and livestock monitoring, which exhibit heterogeneous requirements in terms of network bandwidth, density, sensors' complexity, and energy demand, as well as latency in the decision process. We discuss how LoRa-based solutions can work in these scenarios, analyzing their scalability, interoperability, network architecture, and energy-efficiency. Finally, we present possible future research directions and point out some open issues which might become the main research trends for the next years. This article provides a survey on the adoption of LoRa in the agricultural field and reviews state-of-the-art solutions for smart agriculture, analyzing the potential of this technology in different infield applications. In particular, we consider four reference scenarios, namely, irrigation systems, plantation and crop monitoring, tree monitoring, and livestock monitoring, which exhibit heterogeneous requirements in terms of network bandwidth, density, sensors’ complexity, and energy demand, as well as latency in the decision process. We discuss how LoRa-based solutions can work in these scenarios, analyzing their scalability, interoperability, network architecture, and energy efficiency. Finally, we present possible future research directions and point out some open issues which might become the main research trends for the next years.
Author	Croce, Daniele Pagano, Antonino Vitale, Gianpaolo Tinnirello, Ilenia
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Antonino surname: Pagano fullname: Pagano, Antonino organization: Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, Italy – sequence: 2 givenname: Daniele orcidid: 0000-0001-7663-4702 surname: Croce fullname: Croce, Daniele organization: Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, Italy – sequence: 3 givenname: Ilenia orcidid: 0000-0002-1305-0248 surname: Tinnirello fullname: Tinnirello, Ilenia organization: Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, Italy – sequence: 4 givenname: Gianpaolo orcidid: 0000-0002-5439-6835 surname: Vitale fullname: Vitale, Gianpaolo organization: Institute for high performance computing and networking, National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa, 153, ICAR, Palermo, Italy
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Snippet	This paper provides a survey on the adoption of LoRa in the agricultural field, and reviews state-of-the-art solutions for Smart Agriculture, analyzing the... This article provides a survey on the adoption of LoRa in the agricultural field and reviews state-of-the-art solutions for smart agriculture, analyzing the...
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SubjectTerms	Agriculture Computer architecture Internet of Things Internet of Things (IoT) Irrigation systems LoRa LoRaWAN LPWAN Monitoring Network latency Power demand Precision Agriculture Sensors Smart agriculture Smart farming State-of-the-art reviews Temperature sensors Trends Wireless sensor networks Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)
Title	A Survey on LoRa for Smart Agriculture: Current Trends and Future Perspectives
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