Large-eddy simulations on distributed shared memory clusters
The practicality of Large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent combustion, as is found in gas turbine engines, on clusters of commodity PC-based symmetric multi-processor (SMP) systems in 2-, 4-, and 8-way configurations has been investigated. Bandwidth demands from both memory and networking in the b...
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| Vydáno v: | Journal of parallel and distributed computing Ročník 64; číslo 10; s. 1103 - 1112 |
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| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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San Diego, CA
Elsevier Inc
01.10.2004
Elsevier |
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| ISSN: | 0743-7315, 1096-0848 |
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| Abstract | The practicality of Large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent combustion, as is found in gas turbine engines, on clusters of commodity PC-based symmetric multi-processor (SMP) systems in 2-, 4-, and 8-way configurations has been investigated. Bandwidth demands from both memory and networking in the benchmark LES algorithm are shown to the primary performance inhibitors. Contention in the various SMP architectures tested is shown to compound these two hardware limitations. To investigate the ability of the parallel clustered systems, low-level hardware studies are conducted in conjunction with bench-marking of the LES application. The hardware tests focus on memory and communication contention under loads found in the LES algorithm. For comparison, the benchmarks are also applied to two industry leading high-performance super-computing architectures. It is found that contention in the 4- and 8-way SMP architecture studied here limits their applicability while the 2-way systems shows competitive performance and speed-up compared to its industry counter-parts. It is concluded that design-level combustion LES on clusters of commodity hardware, when equipped with sufficient memory and communication bandwidth, are a viable substitute for more expensive super-computing platforms. |
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| AbstractList | The practicality of Large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent combustion, as is found in gas turbine engines, on clusters of commodity PC-based symmetric multi-processor (SMP) systems in 2-, 4-, and 8-way configurations has been investigated. Bandwidth demands from both memory and networking in the benchmark LES algorithm are shown to the primary performance inhibitors. Contention in the various SMP architectures tested is shown to compound these two hardware limitations. To investigate the ability of the parallel clustered systems, low-level hardware studies are conducted in conjunction with bench-marking of the LES application. The hardware tests focus on memory and communication contention under loads found in the LES algorithm. For comparison, the benchmarks are also applied to two industry leading high-performance super-computing architectures. It is found that contention in the 4- and 8-way SMP architecture studied here limits their applicability while the 2-way systems shows competitive performance and speed-up compared to its industry counter-parts. It is concluded that design-level combustion LES on clusters of commodity hardware, when equipped with sufficient memory and communication bandwidth, are a viable substitute for more expensive super-computing platforms. |
| Author | Menon, Suresh Stone, Christopher |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Christopher surname: Stone fullname: Stone, Christopher email: cstone@ae.gatech.edu – sequence: 2 givenname: Suresh surname: Menon fullname: Menon, Suresh email: suresh.menon@ae.gatech.edu |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1007/978-94-011-4513-8_22 10.1017/S0022112092001678 10.1080/00102209908924192 10.2514/6.1998-786 10.1016/0045-7930(95)00036-4 10.1023/A:1011456218761 10.1177/109434200001400303 10.1080/00102200008935799 10.2514/6.2001-436 10.1017/S0022112087002866 10.2514/6.2001-3846 10.2514/6.1969-354 |
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| Keywords | Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Parallel performance benchmarks Memory bandwidth Distributed memory computing Network bandwidth Cluster computing High performance Computational fluid dynamics Benchmarks Turbulent combustion Distributed computing Distributed shared memory Distributed memory Large eddy simulation Bandwidth Gas engine Gas turbine |
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| References_xml | – reference: W.-W. Kim, S. Menon, Numerical modeling for fuel/air mixing in a dry low-emission premixer, Second AFOSR International Conference on DNS and LES, 1999. – volume: 238 start-page: 155 year: 1992 end-page: 185 ident: bib4 article-title: Toward the large-eddy simulation of compressible turbulent flows publication-title: J. Fluid Mech. – reference: C. Nelson, S. Menon, Unsteady simulations of compressible spatial mixing layers, AIAA-98-0786, 1998. – reference: B. Chernyavsky, H. Yan, D. Knight, Analysis of some numerical issues in compressible LES, AIAA-2001-0436, 2000. – volume: 14 start-page: 189 year: 2000 end-page: 204 ident: bib1 article-title: A portable programming interface for performance evaluation on modern processors publication-title: Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl. – volume: 38 year: 1965 ident: bib13 article-title: Cramming more components onto integrated circuits publication-title: Electronics – volume: 160 start-page: 110 year: 2000 end-page: 150 ident: bib6 article-title: Numerical modeling of turbulent premixed flames in the thin-reaction-zones regime publication-title: Combust. Sci. Technol. – volume: 25 start-page: 165 year: 1996 end-page: 180 ident: bib11 article-title: Effect of sub-grid models on the computed interscale energy transfer in isotropic turbulence publication-title: Comput. Fluids – reference: R.W. MacCormack, The effects of viscosity in hyper-velocity impact cratering, AIAA Paper 69–354, 1969. – reference: J. McCalpin, Memory bandwidth and machine balance in current higher performance computers, IEEE Technical Committee on Computer Architecture (TCCA) newsletter, 1995. – volume: 143 start-page: 25 year: 1999 end-page: 62 ident: bib7 article-title: Large eddy simulations of a gas turbine combustor flow publication-title: Combust. Sci. Technol. – volume: 184 start-page: 207 year: 1987 end-page: 243 ident: bib12 article-title: Secondary instability of a temporally growing mixing layer publication-title: J. Fluid Mech. – volume: 65 start-page: 133 year: 2000 end-page: 161 ident: bib2 article-title: Sub-grid modeling of turbulent premixed flames in the flamelet regime publication-title: Flow, Turbul. Combust. – reference: C. Stone, S. Menon, Combustion instabilities in swirling flows, AIAA 20013846, 2001. – year: 1997 ident: bib8 article-title: Turbulence in Fluids – ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib5 doi: 10.1007/978-94-011-4513-8_22 – volume: 238 start-page: 155 year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib4 article-title: Toward the large-eddy simulation of compressible turbulent flows publication-title: J. Fluid Mech. doi: 10.1017/S0022112092001678 – volume: 143 start-page: 25 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib7 article-title: Large eddy simulations of a gas turbine combustor flow publication-title: Combust. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1080/00102209908924192 – year: 1997 ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib8 – ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib14 doi: 10.2514/6.1998-786 – volume: 25 start-page: 165 issue: 2 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib11 article-title: Effect of sub-grid models on the computed interscale energy transfer in isotropic turbulence publication-title: Comput. Fluids doi: 10.1016/0045-7930(95)00036-4 – volume: 38 issue: 8 year: 1965 ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib13 article-title: Cramming more components onto integrated circuits publication-title: Electronics – volume: 65 start-page: 133 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib2 article-title: Sub-grid modeling of turbulent premixed flames in the flamelet regime publication-title: Flow, Turbul. Combust. doi: 10.1023/A:1011456218761 – volume: 14 start-page: 189 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib1 article-title: A portable programming interface for performance evaluation on modern processors publication-title: Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl. doi: 10.1177/109434200001400303 – volume: 160 start-page: 110 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib6 article-title: Numerical modeling of turbulent premixed flames in the thin-reaction-zones regime publication-title: Combust. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1080/00102200008935799 – ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib3 doi: 10.2514/6.2001-436 – volume: 184 start-page: 207 year: 1987 ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib12 article-title: Secondary instability of a temporally growing mixing layer publication-title: J. Fluid Mech. doi: 10.1017/S0022112087002866 – ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib15 doi: 10.2514/6.2001-3846 – ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib10 – ident: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.08.001_bib9 doi: 10.2514/6.1969-354 |
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| SubjectTerms | Applied sciences Cluster computing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Computational methods in fluid dynamics Computer science; control theory; systems Computer systems and distributed systems. User interface Distributed memory computing Exact sciences and technology Fluid dynamics Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications) Memory and file management (including protection and security) Memory bandwidth Memory organisation. Data processing Network bandwidth Parallel performance benchmarks Physics Software |
| Title | Large-eddy simulations on distributed shared memory clusters |
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