Hydrocarbon biodegradation by strain BSP4 isolated from a wastewater treatment plant: insights into rhamnolipid production and characterization

The present study aims to assess the environmental application potential of a rhamnolipid-producing strain, designated BSP4, from a wastewater treatment plant. BSP4 was identified with a high similarity of 99.74% by 16S rRNA sequencing as P . aeruginosa . It showed a significant potential to produce...

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Published in:International journal of environmental science and technology (Tehran) Vol. 22; no. 12; pp. 11903 - 11918
Main Authors: Berkat, S., Meliani, A., Cheffi, M., Bouassida, M., Aliane, S., Mazari, H. E., Nair, S., Meziane, M., Sayadi, S., Chamkha, M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.08.2025
Subjects:
alkanes
antimicrobial properties
Aquatic Pollution
biodegradation
bioremediation
biosurfactants
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Science and Engineering
micelles
naphthalene
oils
Original Paper
petroleum
polluted soils
rhamnolipids
salinity
Soil Science & Conservation
surface tension
temperature
Waste Water Technology
wastewater treatment
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
Biosurfactant
Biodegradation
Hydrocarbons
Antimicrobial activity
Rhamnolipid
ISSN:1735-1472, 1735-2630
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Summary:The present study aims to assess the environmental application potential of a rhamnolipid-producing strain, designated BSP4, from a wastewater treatment plant. BSP4 was identified with a high similarity of 99.74% by 16S rRNA sequencing as P . aeruginosa . It showed a significant potential to produce biosurfactant, namely Rhl-BSP4, on used frying oil (1%, v/v) as a low-cost substrate, yielding approximately 5.09 ± 0.91 g l −1 after 48 h of incubation. Rhl-BSP4 was capable of reducing the surface tension of water from 72 to 32 mN m ‒1 at the critical micelle concentration of 350 mg l −1 . Additionally, the performance of Rhl-BSP4 was evaluated through qualitative and quantitative tests. In fact, its stability was noted against a wide range of temperature (− 80 to 120 °C), salinity (2–12% NaCl), and pH (2–12). FTIR and NMR analyses suggested the rhamnolipid nature of the produced biosurfactant. Based on GC‒MS analyses, BSP4 degraded 97% of naphthalene (200 mg l −1 ) after seven days of incubation, with notable biodegradation of 4.82% to 83.91% of the main n -alkanes in crude oil (1%, v/v) after 21 days. Moreover, Rhl-BSP4 was more effective than the tested chemical surfactant in removing hydrocarbons from polluted soil. It also displayed promising antimicrobial activity against pathogenic strains, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 1.562 to 12.5 mg ml −1 . The results indicate that strain BSP4 is a promising hydrocarbon-degrader and rhamnolipid-producer. The efficiency of the produced biosurfactant makes it suitable for use in a range of bioremediation strategies.
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ISSN:1735-1472
1735-2630
DOI:10.1007/s13762-025-06413-5