GNSS multipath mitigation in direct position estimation: algorithm design and implementation strategies

Direct Position Estimation (DPE) allows for the direct estimation of the GNSS receiver’s position, velocity, and timing (PVT) within the navigation domain by jointly utilizing data from all satellites at the sample level, thereby bypassing the intermediate step of computing observables. This paper a...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	GPS solutions Vol. 29; no. 4; p. 190
Main Authors:	Jia, Qiongqiong, Wu, Renbiao
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.10.2025 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Algorithms Atmospheric Sciences Automotive Engineering Candidates Carrier to noise ratios Correlation Domains Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Effectiveness Electrical Engineering Fourier transforms Geophysics/Geodesy Global navigation satellite system Iterative methods Line of sight Optimization Parameter estimation Receivers & amplifiers Satellites Signal processing Space Exploration and Astronautics Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics RELAX-DPE Direct position estimation (DPE) Multipath mitigation RELAX Soft-ware defined receiver (SDR) Global navigation satellite system (GNSS)
ISSN:	1080-5370, 1521-1886
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Abstract	Direct Position Estimation (DPE) allows for the direct estimation of the GNSS receiver’s position, velocity, and timing (PVT) within the navigation domain by jointly utilizing data from all satellites at the sample level, thereby bypassing the intermediate step of computing observables. This paper aims to mitigate the PVT bias induced by multipath in DPE. To achieve this, we proposed a RELAXation-based algorithm called RELAX-DPE. The core idea of the RELAX-DPE algorithm is to purify the multipath-contaminated combined correlation diagrams in the navigation domain by estimating the parameters of the received signals, where the parameters of the line-of-sight (LOS) and the reflected ones are estimated in an iterative manner. Furthermore, we present an efficient implementation of the RELAX-DPE algorithm on a soft-ware defined receiver (SDR). In this implementation, grid-based DPE navigation solving is utilized, and the combined correlation diagram in the navigation domain is calculated using a batch pre-correlation method during each iteration of the parameter estimation process. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed RELAX-DPE algorithm, we conducted experiments based on semi-analytic simulations and simulated data sets. The results indicate that the performance of RELAX-DPE is influenced by the navigation domain grid range and grid resolution, particularly when the carrier-to-noise ratios (CNRs) are low and the relative code delay of multipath is large. A grid range of ± 200 m and a grid resolution of about 10 m are confirmed as appropriate selections. Simulation results from the SDR across various multipath scenarios further confirm the efficacy of the RELAX-DPE.
AbstractList	Direct Position Estimation (DPE) allows for the direct estimation of the GNSS receiver’s position, velocity, and timing (PVT) within the navigation domain by jointly utilizing data from all satellites at the sample level, thereby bypassing the intermediate step of computing observables. This paper aims to mitigate the PVT bias induced by multipath in DPE. To achieve this, we proposed a RELAXation-based algorithm called RELAX-DPE. The core idea of the RELAX-DPE algorithm is to purify the multipath-contaminated combined correlation diagrams in the navigation domain by estimating the parameters of the received signals, where the parameters of the line-of-sight (LOS) and the reflected ones are estimated in an iterative manner. Furthermore, we present an efficient implementation of the RELAX-DPE algorithm on a soft-ware defined receiver (SDR). In this implementation, grid-based DPE navigation solving is utilized, and the combined correlation diagram in the navigation domain is calculated using a batch pre-correlation method during each iteration of the parameter estimation process. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed RELAX-DPE algorithm, we conducted experiments based on semi-analytic simulations and simulated data sets. The results indicate that the performance of RELAX-DPE is influenced by the navigation domain grid range and grid resolution, particularly when the carrier-to-noise ratios (CNRs) are low and the relative code delay of multipath is large. A grid range of ± 200 m and a grid resolution of about 10 m are confirmed as appropriate selections. Simulation results from the SDR across various multipath scenarios further confirm the efficacy of the RELAX-DPE. Direct Position Estimation (DPE) allows for the direct estimation of the GNSS receiver’s position, velocity, and timing (PVT) within the navigation domain by jointly utilizing data from all satellites at the sample level, thereby bypassing the intermediate step of computing observables. This paper aims to mitigate the PVT bias induced by multipath in DPE. To achieve this, we proposed a RELAXation-based algorithm called RELAX-DPE. The core idea of the RELAX-DPE algorithm is to purify the multipath-contaminated combined correlation diagrams in the navigation domain by estimating the parameters of the received signals, where the parameters of the line-of-sight (LOS) and the reflected ones are estimated in an iterative manner. Furthermore, we present an efficient implementation of the RELAX-DPE algorithm on a soft-ware defined receiver (SDR). In this implementation, grid-based DPE navigation solving is utilized, and the combined correlation diagram in the navigation domain is calculated using a batch pre-correlation method during each iteration of the parameter estimation process. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed RELAX-DPE algorithm, we conducted experiments based on semi-analytic simulations and simulated data sets. The results indicate that the performance of RELAX-DPE is influenced by the navigation domain grid range and grid resolution, particularly when the carrier-to-noise ratios (CNRs) are low and the relative code delay of multipath is large. A grid range of ± 200 m and a grid resolution of about 10 m are confirmed as appropriate selections. Simulation results from the SDR across various multipath scenarios further confirm the efficacy of the RELAX-DPE.
ArticleNumber	190
Author	Wu, Renbiao Jia, Qiongqiong
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Qiongqiong orcidid: 0000-0002-8197-563X surname: Jia fullname: Jia, Qiongqiong organization: Tianjin Key Lab for Advanced Signal Processing, Civil Aviation University of China – sequence: 2 givenname: Renbiao orcidid: 0000-0003-3820-2946 surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Renbiao email: rbwu@cauc.edu.cn organization: Tianjin Key Lab for Advanced Signal Processing, Civil Aviation University of China
BookMark	eNp9kD9PwzAQxS1UJNrCF2CyxGzwnziO2VAFBamCoTBbTuymrhIn2O7At8c0SGxMdzq_9873W4CZH7wF4JrgW4KxuIsEU0kQphxhUkmJ-BmYE04JIlVVznKPK4w4E_gCLGI8YEyxlMUctOvX7Rb2xy65Uac97F1yrU5u8NB5aFywTYLjEN1pZGNy_en1HuquHYJL-x4aG13rofYGun7sbG99miJiCjrZ1tl4Cc53uov26rcuwcfT4_vqGW3e1i-rhw1qqKAJ7aguSmN5LQspcampKTSuCs41r7kRxBgmGslKastKSM6YwaY2DZV1aZgVmi3BzZQ7huHzmP-rDsMx-LxSMVpQIgshSFbRSdWEIcZgd2oM-bDwpQhWP0DVBFRloOoEVPFsYpMpZrFvbfiL_sf1DZerfFs
Cites_doi	10.1016/j.cja.2023.11.013 10.1007/s10291-016-0538-9 10.1109/JSEN.2017.2752751 10.1007/s10291-004-0113-7 10.1109/TAES.2007.4441741 10.1109/TIE.2023.3288188 10.1109/LSP.2006.888360 10.1007/s10291-024-01627-5 10.33012/2017.15266 10.1017/S0373463320000648 10.1007/978-3-319-42928-1 10.1109/78.705444 10.1002/navi.259 10.1109/TAES.2024.3371952 10.1016/j.sigpro.2016.11.027 10.1109/JSTSP.2009.2023831 10.1080/00207178808906133 10.1186/s43020-020-00027-7 10.1007/s10291-022-01280-w 10.1002/j.2161-4296.2011.tb02588.x 10.1186/s43020-022-00077-z 10.1109/AERO.2010.5446676 10.1109/TAES.2023.3312350 10.33012/2022.18438 10.1109/ICASSP.2007.366862 10.1109/LAWP.2017.2724302 10.3390/s18082736 10.1109/jstsp.2009.2023341 10.1007/s00190-024-01841-6 10.1007/s00190-009-0352-z 10.1109/TITS.2024.3374819 10.1109/MSP.2017.2718040 10.1002/navi.402 10.1017/S0373463300023730 10.1109/PLANS53410.2023.10140046 10.1109/7.670348 10.1109/TAES.2019.2915393 10.33012/2019.16927 10.1007/s10291-023-01530-5 10.1109/tim.2019.2950578 10.3390/s18113690
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025 Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.
Copyright_xml	– notice: The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025 Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. – notice: The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.
DBID	AAYXX CITATION 8FD H8D L7M
DOI	10.1007/s10291-025-01899-5
DatabaseName	CrossRef Technology Research Database Aerospace Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef Technology Research Database Aerospace Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
DatabaseTitleList	Technology Research Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Geography
EISSN	1521-1886
ExternalDocumentID	10_1007_s10291_025_01899_5
GrantInformation_xml	– fundername: National Science Foundation of China grantid: U2133204
GroupedDBID	-~C .86 .DC .VR 06D 0R~ 0VY 1N0 203 29I 2J2 2JN 2JY 2KG 2LR 2~H 30V 4.4 406 408 409 40D 40E 5GY 5VS 67M 67Z 6NX 78A 8TC 8UJ 95- 95. 95~ 96X AABHQ AACDK AAHNG AAJBT AAJKR AANZL AAPKM AARTL AASML AATNV AATVU AAUYE AAWCG AAYIU AAYQN ABAKF ABBBX ABBRH ABBXA ABDBE ABDZT ABECU ABFSG ABFTV ABHLI ABHQN ABJNI ABJOX ABKCH ABKTR ABMNI ABMQK ABNWP ABQBU ABRTQ ABSXP ABTEG ABTHY ABTKH ABTMW ABWNU ABXPI ACAOD ACDTI ACGFS ACHSB ACHXU ACKNC ACMDZ ACMLO ACOKC ACOMO ACPIV ACSNA ACSTC ACZOJ ADHHG ADHIR ADKNI ADKPE ADRFC ADTPH ADURQ ADYFF ADZKW AEFQL AEGAL AEGNC AEJHL AEJRE AEMSY AENEX AEOHA AEPYU AESKC AETLH AEVLU AEXYK AEZWR AFBBN AFDZB AFHIU AFLOW AFOHR AFQWF AFWTZ AFZKB AGAYW AGDGC AGJBK AGMZJ AGQEE AGQMX AGRTI AGWIL AGWZB AGYKE AHAVH AHBYD AHKAY AHPBZ AHWEU AHYZX AIAKS AIGIU AIIXL AILAN AITGF AIXLP AJRNO AJZVZ ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALWAN AMKLP AMXSW AMYLF AMYQR AOCGG ARMRJ ASPBG ATHPR AVWKF AXYYD AYFIA AYJHY AZFZN B-. BA0 BENPR BHPHI BSONS CS3 CSCUP DDRTE DL5 DNIVK DPUIP DU5 EBLON EBS EIOEI ESBYG FEDTE FERAY FFXSO FIGPU FNLPD FRRFC FWDCC GGCAI GGRSB GJIRD GNWQR GQ7 GQ8 GXS HCIFZ HF~ HG5 HG6 HMJXF HQYDN HRMNR HVGLF HZ~ I09 IHE IJ- IKXTQ IWAJR IXC IXD IXE IZIGR IZQ I~X I~Z J-C J0Z JBSCW JCJTX JZLTJ KDC KOV LAS LLZTM MA- NB0 NPVJJ NQJWS O93 O9J OAM P2P PF0 PT4 QOS R89 R9I ROL RPX RSV S16 S1Z S27 S3B SAP SDH SEV SHX SISQX SJYHP SNE SNPRN SNX SOHCF SOJ SPISZ SRMVM SSLCW STPWE SZN T13 TSG TSK TSV TUC U2A UG4 UOJIU UTJUX VC2 W23 W48 WK8 YLTOR Z45 ZMTXR ~02 -Y2 1SB 28- 2P1 2VQ 8FE 8FH AAEWM AAIAL AARHV AAYTO AAYXX ABQSL ABULA ACBXY ADHKG AEBTG AEKMD AEUYN AFFHD AFGCZ AFKRA AGQPQ AHSBF AJBLW BDATZ BGNMA BKSAR CAG CCPQU CITATION COF EJD FINBP FSGXE H13 LK5 M4Y M7R N2Q NU0 O9- PCBAR PHGZM PHGZT RHV SCK SCLPG UZXMN VFIZW 8FD H8D L7M
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c272t-f2a46de5b949906a2d4a08455a5b5d71dd37c9362e6879533d0dbdc29b6d3e7a3
IEDL.DBID	RSV
ISICitedReferencesCount	0
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001556215300001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	1080-5370
IngestDate	Sun Nov 16 03:51:56 EST 2025 Thu Nov 20 00:47:43 EST 2025 Sat Nov 15 01:10:55 EST 2025
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	4
Keywords	RELAX-DPE Direct position estimation (DPE) Multipath mitigation RELAX Soft-ware defined receiver (SDR) Global navigation satellite system (GNSS)
Language	English
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c272t-f2a46de5b949906a2d4a08455a5b5d71dd37c9362e6879533d0dbdc29b6d3e7a3
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14
ORCID	0000-0003-3820-2946 0000-0002-8197-563X
PQID	3242194771
PQPubID	2043695
ParticipantIDs	proquest_journals_3242194771 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10291_025_01899_5 springer_journals_10_1007_s10291_025_01899_5
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2025-10-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2025-10-01
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 10 year: 2025 text: 2025-10-01 day: 01
PublicationDecade	2020
PublicationPlace	Berlin/Heidelberg
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: Berlin/Heidelberg – name: New York
PublicationSubtitle	The Journal of Global Navigation Satellite Systems
PublicationTitle	GPS solutions
PublicationTitleAbbrev	GPS Solut
PublicationYear	2025
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg Springer Nature B.V
Publisher_xml	– name: Springer Berlin Heidelberg – name: Springer Nature B.V
References	J Huang (1899_CR17) 2024; 60 Q Jia (1899_CR19) 2017; 21 J Dampf (1899_CR14) 2018; 18 Q Jia (1899_CR21) 2022; 26 S Liu (1899_CR30) 2017; 16 J Yang (1899_CR45) 2017; 17 P Closas (1899_CR9) 2007; 14 J Geng (1899_CR15) 2024; 98 AH-P Chu (1899_CR6) 2020; 56 P Zhong (1899_CR46) 2010; 84 X Chen (1899_CR4) 2020; 1 ED Kaplan (1899_CR23) 2005 M Lashley (1899_CR26) 2009; 3 P Xu (1899_CR44) 2024; 25 A Gusi-Amigó (1899_CR16) 2018; 65 M Peretic (1899_CR35) 2021; 68 F Vincent (1899_CR41) 2017; 133 H Kuusniemi (1899_CR24) 2004; 8 P Closas (1899_CR7) 2017; 34 1899_CR2 Q Jia (1899_CR22) 2024; 37 P Closas (1899_CR8) 2006; 56 S Vicenzo (1899_CR40) 2024; 28 O Montenbruck (1899_CR32) 2017 P Axelrad (1899_CR1) 2011; 58 1899_CR3 H Kuusniemi (1899_CR25) 2007; 43 J Li (1899_CR27) 1998; 46 Y Wang (1899_CR42) 2024; 71 P Stoica (1899_CR38) 1988; 47 JW Cheong (1899_CR5) 2012 Z Liu (1899_CR29) 1998; 34 1899_CR39 1899_CR18 1899_CR12 1899_CR34 B Xu (1899_CR43) 2020; 69 1899_CR13 H Ren (1899_CR37) 2023; 27 P Closas (1899_CR10) 2009; 3 W Qiu (1899_CR36) 2022; 3 Q Jia (1899_CR20) 2021; 74 1899_CR11 1899_CR33 H Li (1899_CR28) 2023; 59 A Maherizo (1899_CR31) 2018; 18
References_xml	– ident: 1899_CR2 – volume: 37 start-page: 405 year: 2024 ident: 1899_CR22 publication-title: Chin J Aeronaut doi: 10.1016/j.cja.2023.11.013 – volume: 21 start-page: 487 year: 2017 ident: 1899_CR19 publication-title: GPS Solut doi: 10.1007/s10291-016-0538-9 – volume: 17 start-page: 7105 year: 2017 ident: 1899_CR45 publication-title: IEEE Sens J doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2017.2752751 – volume-title: Signal processing and collective detection for locata positioning system year: 2012 ident: 1899_CR5 – ident: 1899_CR33 – volume: 8 start-page: 226 year: 2004 ident: 1899_CR24 publication-title: GPS Solutions doi: 10.1007/s10291-004-0113-7 – volume: 43 start-page: 1305 year: 2007 ident: 1899_CR25 publication-title: IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst doi: 10.1109/TAES.2007.4441741 – volume: 71 start-page: 6407 year: 2024 ident: 1899_CR42 publication-title: IEEE Trans Ind Electron doi: 10.1109/TIE.2023.3288188 – volume: 14 start-page: 359 year: 2007 ident: 1899_CR9 publication-title: IEEE Signal Process Lett doi: 10.1109/LSP.2006.888360 – volume: 28 start-page: 529 year: 2024 ident: 1899_CR40 publication-title: GPS Solut doi: 10.1007/s10291-024-01627-5 – ident: 1899_CR13 doi: 10.33012/2017.15266 – volume: 74 start-page: 425 year: 2021 ident: 1899_CR20 publication-title: J Navigation doi: 10.1017/S0373463320000648 – volume-title: Springer handbook of global navigation satellite systems. Springer handbooks year: 2017 ident: 1899_CR32 doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-42928-1 – volume: 46 start-page: 2231 year: 1998 ident: 1899_CR27 publication-title: IEEE Trans Signal Process doi: 10.1109/78.705444 – volume: 56 start-page: 10004 year: 2006 ident: 1899_CR8 publication-title: International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Ences – volume: 65 start-page: 463 year: 2018 ident: 1899_CR16 publication-title: J Inst Navig doi: 10.1002/navi.259 – volume: 60 start-page: 1 year: 2024 ident: 1899_CR17 publication-title: IEEE Trans Aerospace Electron Syst doi: 10.1109/TAES.2024.3371952 – volume: 133 start-page: 270 year: 2017 ident: 1899_CR41 publication-title: Signal Process doi: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2016.11.027 – volume: 3 start-page: 695 year: 2009 ident: 1899_CR10 publication-title: IEEE J Select Topics Signal Process doi: 10.1109/JSTSP.2009.2023831 – volume: 47 start-page: 1737 year: 1988 ident: 1899_CR38 publication-title: Int J Control doi: 10.1080/00207178808906133 – volume: 1 start-page: 1034 year: 2020 ident: 1899_CR4 publication-title: Satell Navig doi: 10.1186/s43020-020-00027-7 – volume: 26 start-page: 1 year: 2022 ident: 1899_CR21 publication-title: GPS Solut doi: 10.1007/s10291-022-01280-w – volume: 58 start-page: 305 year: 2011 ident: 1899_CR1 publication-title: NAVIGATION: J Inst Navig doi: 10.1002/j.2161-4296.2011.tb02588.x – volume: 3 start-page: 650 year: 2022 ident: 1899_CR36 publication-title: Satell Navig doi: 10.1186/s43020-022-00077-z – ident: 1899_CR12 doi: 10.1109/AERO.2010.5446676 – volume: 59 start-page: 8969 year: 2023 ident: 1899_CR28 publication-title: IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst doi: 10.1109/TAES.2023.3312350 – ident: 1899_CR34 – ident: 1899_CR18 doi: 10.33012/2022.18438 – ident: 1899_CR11 doi: 10.1109/ICASSP.2007.366862 – volume: 16 start-page: 2465 year: 2017 ident: 1899_CR30 publication-title: Antennas Wirel Propag Lett doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2017.2724302 – volume: 18 start-page: 1 year: 2018 ident: 1899_CR14 publication-title: Sensors doi: 10.3390/s18082736 – volume: 3 start-page: 661 year: 2009 ident: 1899_CR26 publication-title: IEEE J Select Topic Sign Process doi: 10.1109/jstsp.2009.2023341 – volume: 98 start-page: 2661 year: 2024 ident: 1899_CR15 publication-title: J Geod doi: 10.1007/s00190-024-01841-6 – volume: 84 start-page: 145 year: 2010 ident: 1899_CR46 publication-title: J Geod doi: 10.1007/s00190-009-0352-z – volume: 25 start-page: 1 year: 2024 ident: 1899_CR44 publication-title: IEEE Trans Intell Transport Syst doi: 10.1109/TITS.2024.3374819 – volume: 34 start-page: 72 year: 2017 ident: 1899_CR7 publication-title: IEEE Signal Process Mag doi: 10.1109/MSP.2017.2718040 – volume: 68 start-page: 21 year: 2021 ident: 1899_CR35 publication-title: NAVIGATION: J Inst Navig doi: 10.1002/navi.402 – year: 2005 ident: 1899_CR23 publication-title: Artec House doi: 10.1017/S0373463300023730 – ident: 1899_CR39 doi: 10.1109/PLANS53410.2023.10140046 – volume: 34 start-page: 657 year: 1998 ident: 1899_CR29 publication-title: IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst doi: 10.1109/7.670348 – volume: 56 start-page: 249 year: 2020 ident: 1899_CR6 publication-title: IEE Trans Aerospace Electron Syst doi: 10.1109/TAES.2019.2915393 – ident: 1899_CR3 doi: 10.33012/2019.16927 – volume: 27 start-page: 2726 year: 2023 ident: 1899_CR37 publication-title: GPS Solut doi: 10.1007/s10291-023-01530-5 – volume: 69 start-page: 4604 year: 2020 ident: 1899_CR43 publication-title: IEEE Trans Instrum Meas doi: 10.1109/tim.2019.2950578 – volume: 18 start-page: 1 year: 2018 ident: 1899_CR31 publication-title: Sensors doi: 10.3390/s18113690
SSID	ssj0020994
Score	2.385863
Snippet	Direct Position Estimation (DPE) allows for the direct estimation of the GNSS receiver’s position, velocity, and timing (PVT) within the navigation domain by...
SourceID	proquest crossref springer
SourceType	Aggregation Database Index Database Publisher
StartPage	190
SubjectTerms	Algorithms Atmospheric Sciences Automotive Engineering Candidates Carrier to noise ratios Correlation Domains Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Effectiveness Electrical Engineering Fourier transforms Geophysics/Geodesy Global navigation satellite system Iterative methods Line of sight Optimization Parameter estimation Receivers & amplifiers Satellites Signal processing Space Exploration and Astronautics Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics
Title	GNSS multipath mitigation in direct position estimation: algorithm design and implementation strategies
URI	https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10291-025-01899-5 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3242194771
Volume	29
WOSCitedRecordID	wos001556215300001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVAVX databaseName: SpringerLINK Contemporary 1997-Present customDbUrl: eissn: 1521-1886 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0020994 issn: 1080-5370 databaseCode: RSV dateStart: 19970101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://link.springer.com/search?facet-content-type=%22Journal%22 providerName: Springer Nature
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3PS8MwFA46Bb34W5xOycGbBtr8bL2JOD3IEKeyW0mbdCu4TrYq-N-bpI1T0YOeE0J4L8n7Hvne9wA4pjTO05BwRFLKEaWUoYhHElEc5ppmIVaRKxS-Eb1eNBjEt01R2Myz3f2XpHupPxW7YcvSwZZsZrIExBbBkgl3kW3YcNd__EizDOahNa0-QIyIoCmV-XmNr-FojjG_fYu6aNNd_98-N8Bagy7heX0cNsGCLrfAStPofPS2DYZXvX4f1ixCg_3guKg1NiYlLEpYxzfoiVzQKnDUpY1nUD4NJ9OiGo2hcqQPKEsFi7Gnn7v5s8oLT-yAh-7l_cU1anotoAwLXKEcS8qVZqkVqwm4xIrKIKKMSZYyJUKliMhiE-00t-3JCVGBSlWG45QrooUku6BVTkq9B6DOKVM5k-Zum2wtVwZCZkLGOudYMfOAtMGJN3nyXEtqJHPxZGu8xBgvccZLWBt0vFeS5nrNEosCw5gKEbbBqffCfPj31fb_Nv0ArGLrSEfe64BWNX3Rh2A5e62K2fTIHbt3Ys_Skg
linkProvider	Springer Nature
linkToHtml	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3fS8MwED50CvPF3-J0ah5800CbJk3rm4hz4hzipuytpE26FVwnWxX87036w6nogz43HOUuyX1HvvsO4JhSPw5tx8VOSF1MKWXYcz2BKbFjRSObSC9vFO7wbtcbDPy7silsVrHdqyfJ_Kb-1OxGDEuHGLKZrhIwW4QlbZIZxfz73uNHmaUxDy1o9RZmDrfKVpmfbXxNR3OM-e1ZNM82rbX__ec6rJboEp0X22EDFlS6CfVy0PnobQuGV91eDxUsQo390DgpNDYmKUpSVOQ3VBG5kFHgKFobz5B4Gk6mSTYaI5mTPpBIJUrGFf08Xz_LKuGJbXhoXfYv2rictYAjwkmGYyKoKxULjViN5QoiqbA8yphgIZPcltLhka-znXLNeHLHkZYMZUT80JWO4sLZgVo6SdUuIBVTJmMm9NnW1VosNYSMuPBV7BLJ9AXSgJPK5cFzIakRzMWTjfMC7bwgd17AGtCsohKUx2sWGBRo-5RzuwGnVRTmn3-3tve35UdQb_dvO0HnunuzDyvEBDUn8jWhlk1f1AEsR69ZMpse5lvwHUtk1XY
linkToPdf	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1bS8MwFD7oFPXFuzivefBNg22aNK1vok7FUQZT8a2kTboVXDe2KvjvTXpxKvogPjeEcnI53yHf9x2AI0r9JLIdFzsRdTGllGHP9QSmxE4UjW0ivUIo3OZB4D09-Z1PKv6C7V4_SZaaBuPSlOWnI5mcfhK-EcPYIYZ4pisGzGZhjhoivanXu48fJZfGP7Sk2FuYOdyqZDM_z_E1NU3x5rcn0iLztFb-_8-rsFyhTnRebpM1mFHZOixWDdD7bxvQuw66XVSyCzUmRIO09N4YZijNUJn3UE3wQsaZo5Q8niHx3BuO07w_QLIggyCRSZQOalp6MX6S14YUm_DQurq_uMFVDwYcE05ynBBBXalYZExsLFcQSYXlUcYEi5jktpQOj32dBZVr2pY7jrRkJGPiR650FBfOFjSyYaa2AamEMpkwoc-8ruISqaFlzIWvEpdIpi-WJhzX4Q9HpdVGODVVNsELdfDCIngha8JevUJhdewmoUGHtk85t5twUq_I9PPvs-38bfghLHQuW2H7NrjbhSVi1rTg9-1BIx-_qH2Yj1_zdDI-KHbjO2a13lo
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=GNSS+multipath+mitigation+in+direct+position+estimation%3A+algorithm+design+and+implementation+strategies&rft.jtitle=GPS+solutions&rft.au=Jia%2C+Qiongqiong&rft.au=Wu%2C+Renbiao&rft.date=2025-10-01&rft.issn=1080-5370&rft.eissn=1521-1886&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10291-025-01899-5&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1007_s10291_025_01899_5
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1080-5370&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1080-5370&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1080-5370&client=summon