Joint IRS and precoder design for OFDM-based mmWave massive MIMO systems

This paper investigates the joint design of hybrid precoding and intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) phase shifts for wideband millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive MIMO systems. The design problem is formulated as a spectral efficiency maximization under hardware constraints, and a hybrid precoding wit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Telecommunication systems Vol. 88; no. 4; p. 122
Main Author: Ibwe, Kwame
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Springer US 01.12.2025
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Algorithms
Artificial Intelligence
Broadband
Business and Management
Computer Communication Networks
Efficiency
Fourier transforms
IT in Business
Millimeter waves
MIMO communication
Optimization
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
Performance evaluation
Phase noise
Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes
Propagation
Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
Transmitters
Upper bounds
mmWave
MIMO
IRS
OFDM
Precoder
ISSN:1018-4864, 1572-9451
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:This paper investigates the joint design of hybrid precoding and intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) phase shifts for wideband millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive MIMO systems. The design problem is formulated as a spectral efficiency maximization under hardware constraints, and a hybrid precoding with IRS design (HPID) algorithm is developed. The digital precoders are updated via projected gradient ascent with power projection, while the IRS phases are optimized using alternating optimization. A theoretical upper bound based on fully digital precoding is also derived for benchmarking. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves over 20% higher spectral efficiency compared to conventional hybrid baselines and attains more than 90% of the fully digital upper bound. The algorithm converges within 15–20 iterations and maintains robust performance under phase noise, suitable candidate for high-throughput and reliable 6G wideband deployments.
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ISSN:1018-4864
1572-9451
DOI:10.1007/s11235-025-01349-0