Structural, optical, and magnetic properties of V-doped ZnO nanoparticles and the onset of ferromagnetic order

Pure and vanadium (V) doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized via a modified sol-gel method. The wurtzite crystal structure of ZnO remained intact with the vanadium doping concentrations under the present synthesis environment as confirmed by an array of advanced analytical techn...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of alloys and compounds Jg. 920; S. 165920
Hauptverfasser: Mrabet, S., Ihzaz, N., Alshammari, M., Khlifi, N., Ba, M., Bessadok, M.N., Mejri, I.H., El Mir, L.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Lausanne Elsevier B.V 05.11.2022
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ISSN:0925-8388, 1873-4669
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Abstract Pure and vanadium (V) doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized via a modified sol-gel method. The wurtzite crystal structure of ZnO remained intact with the vanadium doping concentrations under the present synthesis environment as confirmed by an array of advanced analytical techniques; such as Rietveld refined X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, as well as bond valence sum (BVS) analysis. SEM and TEM techniques were used to examine the morphology of the samples. UV-Vis-NIR spectra showed an absorption band in the UV range with reduction in the band gap from 3.23eV to 3.20eV when V content increases. Photoluminescence (PL) shows that doping with V causes the creation of some defects in the band gap of ZnO. The energy position of the obtained PL emission introduces a blue shift when the measurement temperature increases. The M-T curve is successfully fitted using both three dimensional (3D) spin wave model and Curie-Weiss law which attests to the mixed state existence of ferromagnetic (FM) and paramagnetic (PM) phases. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis supports the XRD results and provides evidence of oxygen vacancies (VO). Magnetic interaction is quantitatively studied and explained by polaronic percolation of bound magnetic polarons (BMP) produced by VO defects. [Display omitted] •Pure and Vanadium (V) doped ZnO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized via a modified sol-gel method.•The crystal structure of samples was determined by Rietveld XRD method.•The size and homogeneity of the crystallites were influenced by the amount of vanadium dopant used.•The existence of Oxygen vacancies and related complex defects is verified.•Formation of Bound magnetic polarons and mixed magnetic characteristics are observed.
AbstractList Pure and vanadium (V) doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized via a modified sol-gel method. The wurtzite crystal structure of ZnO remained intact with the vanadium doping concentrations under the present synthesis environment as confirmed by an array of advanced analytical techniques; such as Rietveld refined X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, as well as bond valence sum (BVS) analysis. SEM and TEM techniques were used to examine the morphology of the samples. UV-Vis-NIR spectra showed an absorption band in the UV range with reduction in the band gap from 3.23 eV to 3.20 eV when V content increases. Photoluminescence (PL) shows that doping with V causes the creation of some defects in the band gap of ZnO. The energy position of the obtained PL emission introduces a blue shift when the measurement temperature increases. The M-T curve is successfully fitted using both three dimensional (3D) spin wave model and Curie-Weiss law which attests to the mixed state existence of ferromagnetic (FM) and paramagnetic (PM) phases. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis supports the XRD results and provides evidence of oxygen vacancies (VO). Magnetic interaction is quantitatively studied and explained by polaronic percolation of bound magnetic polarons (BMP) produced by VO defects.
Pure and vanadium (V) doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized via a modified sol-gel method. The wurtzite crystal structure of ZnO remained intact with the vanadium doping concentrations under the present synthesis environment as confirmed by an array of advanced analytical techniques; such as Rietveld refined X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, as well as bond valence sum (BVS) analysis. SEM and TEM techniques were used to examine the morphology of the samples. UV-Vis-NIR spectra showed an absorption band in the UV range with reduction in the band gap from 3.23eV to 3.20eV when V content increases. Photoluminescence (PL) shows that doping with V causes the creation of some defects in the band gap of ZnO. The energy position of the obtained PL emission introduces a blue shift when the measurement temperature increases. The M-T curve is successfully fitted using both three dimensional (3D) spin wave model and Curie-Weiss law which attests to the mixed state existence of ferromagnetic (FM) and paramagnetic (PM) phases. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis supports the XRD results and provides evidence of oxygen vacancies (VO). Magnetic interaction is quantitatively studied and explained by polaronic percolation of bound magnetic polarons (BMP) produced by VO defects. [Display omitted] •Pure and Vanadium (V) doped ZnO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized via a modified sol-gel method.•The crystal structure of samples was determined by Rietveld XRD method.•The size and homogeneity of the crystallites were influenced by the amount of vanadium dopant used.•The existence of Oxygen vacancies and related complex defects is verified.•Formation of Bound magnetic polarons and mixed magnetic characteristics are observed.
ArticleNumber 165920
Author Mrabet, S.
El Mir, L.
Bessadok, M.N.
Alshammari, M.
Khlifi, N.
Ihzaz, N.
Ba, M.
Mejri, I.H.
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  surname: Mrabet
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  organization: Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials Applied at Environment (LaPhyMNE), Faculty of Sciences in Gabes, Gabes University, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia
– sequence: 2
  givenname: N.
  surname: Ihzaz
  fullname: Ihzaz, N.
  email: nejib.ihzaz@issatgb.rnu.tn
  organization: Laboratory of Physico-Chemistry of Materials, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
– sequence: 3
  givenname: M.
  surname: Alshammari
  fullname: Alshammari, M.
  organization: The National Center for Laser and Optoelectronics, KACST, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
– sequence: 4
  givenname: N.
  surname: Khlifi
  fullname: Khlifi, N.
  organization: Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials Applied at Environment (LaPhyMNE), Faculty of Sciences in Gabes, Gabes University, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia
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  givenname: M.
  surname: Ba
  fullname: Ba, M.
  organization: Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials Applied at Environment (LaPhyMNE), Faculty of Sciences in Gabes, Gabes University, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia
– sequence: 6
  givenname: M.N.
  surname: Bessadok
  fullname: Bessadok, M.N.
  organization: Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials Applied at Environment (LaPhyMNE), Faculty of Sciences in Gabes, Gabes University, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia
– sequence: 7
  givenname: I.H.
  surname: Mejri
  fullname: Mejri, I.H.
  organization: Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials Applied at Environment (LaPhyMNE), Faculty of Sciences in Gabes, Gabes University, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia
– sequence: 8
  givenname: L.
  surname: El Mir
  fullname: El Mir, L.
  organization: Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials Applied at Environment (LaPhyMNE), Faculty of Sciences in Gabes, Gabes University, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia
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Keywords Nanoparticles
Sol-gel technique
electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis
Rietveld refinement
bound magnetic polarons (BMP)
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Snippet Pure and vanadium (V) doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized via a modified sol-gel method. The wurtzite crystal structure of ZnO remained...
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StartPage 165920
SubjectTerms Absorption spectra
Blue shift
bound magnetic polarons (BMP)
Crystal defects
Crystal structure
Curie-Weiss law
Diffraction patterns
Doping
Electron paramagnetic resonance
electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis
Energy gap
Ferromagnetic resonance
Ferromagnetism
Magnetic properties
Magnons
Nanoparticles
Optical properties
Percolation
Photoluminescence
Rietveld refinement
Sol-gel processes
Sol-gel technique
Three dimensional models
Vanadium
Wurtzite
X-ray diffraction
Zinc oxide
Title Structural, optical, and magnetic properties of V-doped ZnO nanoparticles and the onset of ferromagnetic order
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