Detection of Live Attenuated Measles Virus in the Respiratory Tract Following Subcutaneous Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination

The live attenuated measles vaccine is extremely effective in preventing measles and induces mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract; however, the mechanism is not known. We show that live attenuated measles virus (LAMV) RNA is frequently detected in the respiratory tract 7-21 days after subcutane...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 231; no. 4; p. 1089
Main Authors: Watkins, Timothy A, Brockhurst, Jacqueline K, Germain, Gregory, Griffin, Diane E, Foxman, Ellen F
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 15.04.2025
Subjects:
Animals
Child
Child, Preschool
Female
Humans
Male
Measles - immunology
Measles - prevention & control
Measles - virology
Measles virus - genetics
Measles virus - immunology
Measles virus - isolation & purification
Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine - administration & dosage
Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine - immunology
Respiratory System - virology
RNA, Viral - isolation & purification
Vaccines, Attenuated - administration & dosage
Vaccines, Attenuated - immunology
mucosal immunity following vaccination
MMR
live attenuated measles virus
rhesus macaque vaccination model
measles
ISSN:1537-6613
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:The live attenuated measles vaccine is extremely effective in preventing measles and induces mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract; however, the mechanism is not known. We show that live attenuated measles virus (LAMV) RNA is frequently detected in the respiratory tract 7-21 days after subcutaneous measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination in healthy children (n = 5/20) and macaques (n = 6/8). Replicating LAMV was isolated from the lungs of 2 macaques, with no evidence of transmission to unvaccinated individuals. These observations suggest that LAMV in the respiratory tract may play a role in the development of robust mucosal immunity following MMR vaccination.
ISSN:1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiae537