Adaptive Differential Evolution Algorithm for Induced Polarization Parameters in Frequency-Domain Controlled-Source Electromagnetic Data

The frequency-domain controlled-source electromagnetic method (CSEM) has been widely used in fields such as oil and gas and mineral resource exploration. In areas with a significant IP response, the CSEM signals will be modified by the IP response of the subsurface. Accurately extracting resistivity...

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Published in:	Minerals (Basel) Vol. 15; no. 7; p. 754
Main Authors:	Zhou, Lei, Cheng, Tianjun, Yao, Min, Cheng, Jianzhong, Xie, Xingbing, Mao, Yurong, Yan, Liangjun
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Basel MDPI AG 18.07.2025
Subjects:	Adaptive algorithms Algorithms Analysis Conductivity Electric field Electric fields Electric properties Electrical resistivity Electromagnetism Evolutionary algorithms Evolutionary computation Frequency domain analysis Geoelectricity Induced polarization Inversions Mineral exploration Mineral resources Normal distribution Oil and gas exploration Oil exploration Parameters Polarization Probability Random noise Resource exploration China
ISSN:	2075-163X, 2075-163X
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Abstract	The frequency-domain controlled-source electromagnetic method (CSEM) has been widely used in fields such as oil and gas and mineral resource exploration. In areas with a significant IP response, the CSEM signals will be modified by the IP response of the subsurface. Accurately extracting resistivity and polarization information from CSEM signals may significantly improve the exploration interpretations. In this study, we replaced real resistivity with the Cole–Cole complex resistivity model in a forward simulation of the CSEM to obtain electric field responses that included both induced polarization and electromagnetic effects. Based on this, we used the adaptive differential evolution algorithm to perform a 1-d inversion of these data to extract both the resistivity and IP parameters. Inversion of the electric field responses from representative three-layer geoelectric models, as well as from a more realistic seven-layer model, showed that the inversions were able to effectively recover resistivity and polarization information from the modeled responses, validating our methodology. The electric field response of the real geoelectric model, with 20% random noise added, was then used to simulate actual measured CSEM signals, as well as subjected to multiple inversion tests. The results of these tests continued to accurately reflect the resistivity and polarization information of the model, confirming the applicability and reliability of the algorithm. These results have significant implications for the processing and interpretation of CSEM data when induced polarization effects merit consideration and are expected to promote the use of the CSEM in more fields.
AbstractList	The frequency-domain controlled-source electromagnetic method (CSEM) has been widely used in fields such as oil and gas and mineral resource exploration. In areas with a significant IP response, the CSEM signals will be modified by the IP response of the subsurface. Accurately extracting resistivity and polarization information from CSEM signals may significantly improve the exploration interpretations. In this study, we replaced real resistivity with the Cole–Cole complex resistivity model in a forward simulation of the CSEM to obtain electric field responses that included both induced polarization and electromagnetic effects. Based on this, we used the adaptive differential evolution algorithm to perform a 1-d inversion of these data to extract both the resistivity and IP parameters. Inversion of the electric field responses from representative three-layer geoelectric models, as well as from a more realistic seven-layer model, showed that the inversions were able to effectively recover resistivity and polarization information from the modeled responses, validating our methodology. The electric field response of the real geoelectric model, with 20% random noise added, was then used to simulate actual measured CSEM signals, as well as subjected to multiple inversion tests. The results of these tests continued to accurately reflect the resistivity and polarization information of the model, confirming the applicability and reliability of the algorithm. These results have significant implications for the processing and interpretation of CSEM data when induced polarization effects merit consideration and are expected to promote the use of the CSEM in more fields.
Audience	Academic
Author	Cheng, Jianzhong Xie, Xingbing Zhou, Lei Mao, Yurong Yan, Liangjun Cheng, Tianjun Yao, Min
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Lei surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Lei – sequence: 2 givenname: Tianjun surname: Cheng fullname: Cheng, Tianjun – sequence: 3 givenname: Min surname: Yao fullname: Yao, Min – sequence: 4 givenname: Jianzhong surname: Cheng fullname: Cheng, Jianzhong – sequence: 5 givenname: Xingbing orcidid: 0000-0002-4636-6089 surname: Xie fullname: Xie, Xingbing – sequence: 6 givenname: Yurong orcidid: 0000-0003-4380-401X surname: Mao fullname: Mao, Yurong – sequence: 7 givenname: Liangjun surname: Yan fullname: Yan, Liangjun
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Cites_doi	10.3390/min13070955 10.1190/1.1440839 10.1002/cjg2.742 10.3390/min14010027 10.1063/1.1750906 10.1016/j.pepi.2004.08.034 10.1109/TEVC.2006.872133 10.1109/TEVC.2009.2014613 10.1023/A:1008202821328
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SubjectTerms	Adaptive algorithms Algorithms Analysis Conductivity Electric field Electric fields Electric properties Electrical resistivity Electromagnetism Evolutionary algorithms Evolutionary computation Frequency domain analysis Geoelectricity Induced polarization Inversions Mineral exploration Mineral resources Normal distribution Oil and gas exploration Oil exploration Parameters Polarization Probability Random noise Resource exploration
Title	Adaptive Differential Evolution Algorithm for Induced Polarization Parameters in Frequency-Domain Controlled-Source Electromagnetic Data
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