Prescribed fire reduces insect infestation in Karuk and Yurok acorn resource systems

•Non-traditional prescribed fire reduces larval infestation in tanoak acorns during the burn year but not one year-post fire.•Vertebrate frugivory reduced the density of edible acorns.•Seasonally-specific fire is critical to the maintenance of Karuk and Yurok resource systems. Prescribed fire is use...

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Vydáno v:Forest ecology and management Ročník 505; s. 119768
Hlavní autoři: Halpern, Arielle A., Sousa, Wayne P., Lake, Frank K., Carlson, Thomas J., Paddock, Will
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Elsevier B.V 01.02.2022
Témata:
acorns
California
Curculio
Curculio occidentis
Cydia
Cydia latiferreana
ecosystems
forest ecology
frugivores
habitats
humans
insect infestations
Notholithocarpus
Notholithocarpus densiflorus
politics
prescribed burning
Prescribed Fire
resource management
risk
summer
Traditional Ecological Knowledge
wildfires
California
Notholithocarpus
Curculio
Prescribed Fire
Cydia
Traditional Ecological Knowledge
ISSN:0378-1127, 1872-7042
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Abstract •Non-traditional prescribed fire reduces larval infestation in tanoak acorns during the burn year but not one year-post fire.•Vertebrate frugivory reduced the density of edible acorns.•Seasonally-specific fire is critical to the maintenance of Karuk and Yurok resource systems. Prescribed fire is used extensively as a management tool in fire-adapted landscapes of the American West to maintain ecosystem structure and function while reducing wildfire risk. Seasonally specific prescribed fire is used by many Indigenous groups to increase the quality and quantity of cultural resources and promote desired patterns of habitat diversity. Traditionally, the Karuk and Yurok Tribes of California applied fire in tanoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus, Fagaceae) acorn gathering areas during the fall to reduce infestation in acorns by larvae of the filbertworm (Cydia latiferreana, Tortricidae) and filbert weevil (Curculio occidentalis, Curculionidae). It has become increasingly difficult to select culturally appropriate times in which to apply fire as a resource management tool due to changing environmental conditions and associated political considerations. To assess the effect of non-traditional management on tribal acorn resource systems, we investigated the effects of early summer burning on rates of larval infestation in tanoak acorns. We also studied how competing frugivores affected the availability of edible acorns to human consumers. We found that non-traditional early summer prescribed fire significantly reduced rates of larval infestation during the burn year (36.7%) but no difference between treatments was detected one year-post fire. Selective vertebrate frugivory significantly reduced the density of edible acorns by 39%. Our results highlight the importance of seasonally-specific prescribed fire in managing Karuk and Yurok resource systems and supporting tribal eco-cultural revitalization.
AbstractList Prescribed fire is used extensively as a management tool in fire-adapted landscapes of the American West to maintain ecosystem structure and function while reducing wildfire risk. Seasonally specific prescribed fire is used by many Indigenous groups to increase the quality and quantity of cultural resources and promote desired patterns of habitat diversity. Traditionally, the Karuk and Yurok Tribes of California applied fire in tanoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus, Fagaceae) acorn gathering areas during the fall to reduce infestation in acorns by larvae of the filbertworm (Cydia latiferreana, Tortricidae) and filbert weevil (Curculio occidentalis, Curculionidae). It has become increasingly difficult to select culturally appropriate times in which to apply fire as a resource management tool due to changing environmental conditions and associated political considerations. To assess the effect of non-traditional management on tribal acorn resource systems, we investigated the effects of early summer burning on rates of larval infestation in tanoak acorns. We also studied how competing frugivores affected the availability of edible acorns to human consumers. We found that non-traditional early summer prescribed fire significantly reduced rates of larval infestation during the burn year (36.7%) but no difference between treatments was detected one year-post fire. Selective vertebrate frugivory significantly reduced the density of edible acorns by 39%. Our results highlight the importance of seasonally-specific prescribed fire in managing Karuk and Yurok resource systems and supporting tribal eco-cultural revitalization.
•Non-traditional prescribed fire reduces larval infestation in tanoak acorns during the burn year but not one year-post fire.•Vertebrate frugivory reduced the density of edible acorns.•Seasonally-specific fire is critical to the maintenance of Karuk and Yurok resource systems. Prescribed fire is used extensively as a management tool in fire-adapted landscapes of the American West to maintain ecosystem structure and function while reducing wildfire risk. Seasonally specific prescribed fire is used by many Indigenous groups to increase the quality and quantity of cultural resources and promote desired patterns of habitat diversity. Traditionally, the Karuk and Yurok Tribes of California applied fire in tanoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus, Fagaceae) acorn gathering areas during the fall to reduce infestation in acorns by larvae of the filbertworm (Cydia latiferreana, Tortricidae) and filbert weevil (Curculio occidentalis, Curculionidae). It has become increasingly difficult to select culturally appropriate times in which to apply fire as a resource management tool due to changing environmental conditions and associated political considerations. To assess the effect of non-traditional management on tribal acorn resource systems, we investigated the effects of early summer burning on rates of larval infestation in tanoak acorns. We also studied how competing frugivores affected the availability of edible acorns to human consumers. We found that non-traditional early summer prescribed fire significantly reduced rates of larval infestation during the burn year (36.7%) but no difference between treatments was detected one year-post fire. Selective vertebrate frugivory significantly reduced the density of edible acorns by 39%. Our results highlight the importance of seasonally-specific prescribed fire in managing Karuk and Yurok resource systems and supporting tribal eco-cultural revitalization.
ArticleNumber 119768
Author Carlson, Thomas J.
Sousa, Wayne P.
Paddock, Will
Halpern, Arielle A.
Lake, Frank K.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Arielle A.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-5739-7067
  surname: Halpern
  fullname: Halpern, Arielle A.
  email: halperna@sou.edu
  organization: University of California, Berkeley, Department of Integrative Biology, United States
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Wayne P.
  surname: Sousa
  fullname: Sousa, Wayne P.
  organization: University of California, Berkeley, Department of Integrative Biology, United States
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Frank K.
  surname: Lake
  fullname: Lake, Frank K.
  organization: United States Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, United States
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Thomas J.
  surname: Carlson
  fullname: Carlson, Thomas J.
  organization: University of California, Berkeley, Department of Integrative Biology, United States
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Will
  orcidid: 0000-0003-2649-9180
  surname: Paddock
  fullname: Paddock, Will
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Cydia
Traditional Ecological Knowledge
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Snippet •Non-traditional prescribed fire reduces larval infestation in tanoak acorns during the burn year but not one year-post fire.•Vertebrate frugivory reduced the...
Prescribed fire is used extensively as a management tool in fire-adapted landscapes of the American West to maintain ecosystem structure and function while...
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SubjectTerms acorns
California
Curculio
Curculio occidentis
Cydia
Cydia latiferreana
ecosystems
forest ecology
frugivores
habitats
humans
insect infestations
Notholithocarpus
Notholithocarpus densiflorus
politics
prescribed burning
Prescribed Fire
resource management
risk
summer
Traditional Ecological Knowledge
wildfires
Title Prescribed fire reduces insect infestation in Karuk and Yurok acorn resource systems
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