Joint optimization algorithm for continuous/discrete phase beamforming in active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces
In this paper, a unified optimization framework for both continuous and discrete phase configurations of active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) phases method is proposed. An adaptive temperature simulated annealing algorithm optimize the phase of the active RIS reflections. Joint optimizat...
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| Vydáno v: | International journal of electronics and communications Ročník 201; s. 155996 |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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01.11.2025
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| ISSN: | 1434-8411 |
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| Abstract | In this paper, a unified optimization framework for both continuous and discrete phase configurations of active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) phases method is proposed. An adaptive temperature simulated annealing algorithm optimize the phase of the active RIS reflections. Joint optimization of base station (BS) beamforming and active RIS elements is achieved through alternating iterations to maximize the quality of the signal at the user’s end, while accounting for active RIS noise. Simulations verify the proposed scheme’s applicability to both continuous and discrete phase systems. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that 4-bit discrete-phase quantization is comparable to continuous-phase signal enhancement.
•A hybrid continuous-discrete optimization algorithm for RIS phase shift design.•Temperature-adapted Simulated Annealing and maximum ratio transmission (MRT).•Optimizing active RIS reflection under power constraints to maximize system SNR. |
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| AbstractList | In this paper, a unified optimization framework for both continuous and discrete phase configurations of active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) phases method is proposed. An adaptive temperature simulated annealing algorithm optimize the phase of the active RIS reflections. Joint optimization of base station (BS) beamforming and active RIS elements is achieved through alternating iterations to maximize the quality of the signal at the user’s end, while accounting for active RIS noise. Simulations verify the proposed scheme’s applicability to both continuous and discrete phase systems. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that 4-bit discrete-phase quantization is comparable to continuous-phase signal enhancement.
•A hybrid continuous-discrete optimization algorithm for RIS phase shift design.•Temperature-adapted Simulated Annealing and maximum ratio transmission (MRT).•Optimizing active RIS reflection under power constraints to maximize system SNR. |
| ArticleNumber | 155996 |
| Author | Cao, Folong Han, Zhengjiang Wang, Erfu Zhang, Qianqian |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Qianqian surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Qianqian email: zqq124680@163.com – sequence: 2 givenname: Zhengjiang surname: Han fullname: Han, Zhengjiang email: hanzhengjiang@s.hlju.edu.cn – sequence: 3 givenname: Folong surname: Cao fullname: Cao, Folong email: 2424583410@qq.com – sequence: 4 givenname: Erfu orcidid: 0000-0003-3161-7225 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Erfu email: wangerfu@hlju.edu.cn |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1109/LWC.2021.3056874 10.1038/s41928-020-0387-y 10.1109/TWC.2022.3206332 10.1109/TCOMM.2022.3231893 10.1109/TWC.2023.3309006 10.1109/TWC.2019.2936025 10.1126/science.220.4598.671 10.1109/TWC.2021.3064024 10.1109/LWC.2022.3171043 10.1109/JSAC.2020.3000814 10.1109/LWC.2022.3152563 10.1038/s41467-018-06802-0 |
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| Keywords | Active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Discrete phase shift Alternating optimization Multiple-Input Single-Output |
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| SubjectTerms | Active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Alternating optimization Discrete phase shift Multiple-Input Single-Output |
| Title | Joint optimization algorithm for continuous/discrete phase beamforming in active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces |
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