Hybrid phantom for lung CT: Design and validation

CT lung imaging protocols need to be optimized. This claim is especially important due to the possible introduction of low-dose CT (LDCT) for lung cancer screening. Given the incorporation of non-linear reconstructions and post-processing, the use of phantoms that consider task-based evaluation is n...

Celý popis

Uložené v:
Podrobná bibliografia
Vydané v:Medical physics (Lancaster) Ročník 52; číslo 8; s. e17990
Hlavní autori: Costa, Paulo Roberto, Boiset, Gisell Ruiz, Pimenta, Elsa Bifano, Rocha, Raphael Moratta Vieira, Moura, Raissa Aline Santos, Marques, Wagner Henrique, Oostveen, Luuk J., Geurts, Bram, Sawamura, Marcio Valente Yamada, Nersissian, Denise Yanikian, Yoshimura, Elisabeth Mateus, Sechopoulos, Ioannis
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: United States John Wiley and Sons Inc 01.08.2025
Predmet:
Early Detection of Cancer - instrumentation
Equipment Design
Humans
Lung - diagnostic imaging
Lung Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
Phantoms, Imaging
Tomography, X-Ray Computed - instrumentation
lung imaging
LDCT
anthropomorphic phantom
3D printing
ISSN:0094-2405, 2473-4209, 2473-4209
On-line prístup:Získať plný text
Tagy: Pridať tag
Žiadne tagy, Buďte prvý, kto otaguje tento záznam!
Abstract CT lung imaging protocols need to be optimized. This claim is especially important due to the possible introduction of low-dose CT (LDCT) for lung cancer screening. Given the incorporation of non-linear reconstructions and post-processing, the use of phantoms that consider task-based evaluation is needed. This is also true for acceptance and continuous QC use. To present and validate a lung-CT hybrid phantom composed of two setups, one for task-based image quality metrics and the other anthropomorphic. The task-based metrics setup was based on the well-known Mercury phantom and the anthropomorphic setup named Freddie (from Figure of Merit Performance evaluation of Detectability in Diagnostic CT Imaging Equipment) was designed with the same basic dimensions of the Mercury phantom, but including pieces and materials for mimicking chest structures, such as tracheobronchial tree and lung parenchyma. This setup allows the inclusion of pieces of different sizes to mimic ground-glass opacities, and sub-solid and solid lung nodules. The validation of the phantom adopted three methods: comparative evaluation of the attenuation properties and the corresponding Hounsfield Units (HU) values of the selected materials; image assessment according to five chest radiologists and eight non-radiologists' observations (reader study), and measurement of task-based metrics. Images of both setups were acquired using two clinical thorax protocols, both using automatic tube current modulation (TCM). Two x-ray filter combinations were adopted. The images were reconstructed using a deep learning-based algorithm. The agreement of nominal and observed HU values in the task-based setup was within 15%, except for three (TangoBlack+, VeroClear, and HIPS) of the materials employed in the phantom construction, at some beam energies. In the reader study, synthetic solid nodules printed in VeroClear received average Likert scores 4.0 (range 3.0-4.0) from radiologists and 3 (range 2.6-3.8) from non-radiologists, printed in TangoBlack+ received an average Likert score of 3.9 (range 3.8-4.2) from radiologists and 4.0 (range 3.8-4.4) from non-radiologists, while those printed in HIPS scored an average Likert of 3.8 (range 3.3-3.9) from radiologists and 3.3 (range 3.1-3.3) from non-radiologists. The synthetic ground-glass opacities (GGO) nodules manufactured in EVA received an average Likert score of 3.8 (range 2.8-4.6) from radiologists and 4.3 (range 3.6-4.8) from non-radiologists. The task-based setup demonstrated detectability index variations across protocols influenced by the dose levels, voltage, and x-ray beam filtration used. The novelty of the proposed design is concentrated on the possibility of associating the response of the task-based setup (Mercury) with a patient-based setup (Freddie) in a unique phantom. This hybrid design enhances the potential to apply the detectability index for optimizing CT protocols in clinical scenarios.
AbstractList CT lung imaging protocols need to be optimized. This claim is especially important due to the possible introduction of low-dose CT (LDCT) for lung cancer screening. Given the incorporation of non-linear reconstructions and post-processing, the use of phantoms that consider task-based evaluation is needed. This is also true for acceptance and continuous QC use.BACKGROUNDCT lung imaging protocols need to be optimized. This claim is especially important due to the possible introduction of low-dose CT (LDCT) for lung cancer screening. Given the incorporation of non-linear reconstructions and post-processing, the use of phantoms that consider task-based evaluation is needed. This is also true for acceptance and continuous QC use.To present and validate a lung-CT hybrid phantom composed of two setups, one for task-based image quality metrics and the other anthropomorphic.PURPOSETo present and validate a lung-CT hybrid phantom composed of two setups, one for task-based image quality metrics and the other anthropomorphic.The task-based metrics setup was based on the well-known Mercury phantom and the anthropomorphic setup named Freddie (from Figure of Merit Performance evaluation of Detectability in Diagnostic CT Imaging Equipment) was designed with the same basic dimensions of the Mercury phantom, but including pieces and materials for mimicking chest structures, such as tracheobronchial tree and lung parenchyma. This setup allows the inclusion of pieces of different sizes to mimic ground-glass opacities, and sub-solid and solid lung nodules. The validation of the phantom adopted three methods: comparative evaluation of the attenuation properties and the corresponding Hounsfield Units (HU) values of the selected materials; image assessment according to five chest radiologists and eight non-radiologists' observations (reader study), and measurement of task-based metrics. Images of both setups were acquired using two clinical thorax protocols, both using automatic tube current modulation (TCM). Two x-ray filter combinations were adopted. The images were reconstructed using a deep learning-based algorithm.METHODSThe task-based metrics setup was based on the well-known Mercury phantom and the anthropomorphic setup named Freddie (from Figure of Merit Performance evaluation of Detectability in Diagnostic CT Imaging Equipment) was designed with the same basic dimensions of the Mercury phantom, but including pieces and materials for mimicking chest structures, such as tracheobronchial tree and lung parenchyma. This setup allows the inclusion of pieces of different sizes to mimic ground-glass opacities, and sub-solid and solid lung nodules. The validation of the phantom adopted three methods: comparative evaluation of the attenuation properties and the corresponding Hounsfield Units (HU) values of the selected materials; image assessment according to five chest radiologists and eight non-radiologists' observations (reader study), and measurement of task-based metrics. Images of both setups were acquired using two clinical thorax protocols, both using automatic tube current modulation (TCM). Two x-ray filter combinations were adopted. The images were reconstructed using a deep learning-based algorithm.The agreement of nominal and observed HU values in the task-based setup was within 15%, except for three (TangoBlack+, VeroClear, and HIPS) of the materials employed in the phantom construction, at some beam energies. In the reader study, synthetic solid nodules printed in VeroClear received average Likert scores 4.0 (range 3.0-4.0) from radiologists and 3 (range 2.6-3.8) from non-radiologists, printed in TangoBlack+ received an average Likert score of 3.9 (range 3.8-4.2) from radiologists and 4.0 (range 3.8-4.4) from non-radiologists, while those printed in HIPS scored an average Likert of 3.8 (range 3.3-3.9) from radiologists and 3.3 (range 3.1-3.3) from non-radiologists. The synthetic ground-glass opacities (GGO) nodules manufactured in EVA received an average Likert score of 3.8 (range 2.8-4.6) from radiologists and 4.3 (range 3.6-4.8) from non-radiologists. The task-based setup demonstrated detectability index variations across protocols influenced by the dose levels, voltage, and x-ray beam filtration used.RESULTSThe agreement of nominal and observed HU values in the task-based setup was within 15%, except for three (TangoBlack+, VeroClear, and HIPS) of the materials employed in the phantom construction, at some beam energies. In the reader study, synthetic solid nodules printed in VeroClear received average Likert scores 4.0 (range 3.0-4.0) from radiologists and 3 (range 2.6-3.8) from non-radiologists, printed in TangoBlack+ received an average Likert score of 3.9 (range 3.8-4.2) from radiologists and 4.0 (range 3.8-4.4) from non-radiologists, while those printed in HIPS scored an average Likert of 3.8 (range 3.3-3.9) from radiologists and 3.3 (range 3.1-3.3) from non-radiologists. The synthetic ground-glass opacities (GGO) nodules manufactured in EVA received an average Likert score of 3.8 (range 2.8-4.6) from radiologists and 4.3 (range 3.6-4.8) from non-radiologists. The task-based setup demonstrated detectability index variations across protocols influenced by the dose levels, voltage, and x-ray beam filtration used.The novelty of the proposed design is concentrated on the possibility of associating the response of the task-based setup (Mercury) with a patient-based setup (Freddie) in a unique phantom. This hybrid design enhances the potential to apply the detectability index for optimizing CT protocols in clinical scenarios.CONCLUSIONSThe novelty of the proposed design is concentrated on the possibility of associating the response of the task-based setup (Mercury) with a patient-based setup (Freddie) in a unique phantom. This hybrid design enhances the potential to apply the detectability index for optimizing CT protocols in clinical scenarios.
CT lung imaging protocols need to be optimized. This claim is especially important due to the possible introduction of low-dose CT (LDCT) for lung cancer screening. Given the incorporation of non-linear reconstructions and post-processing, the use of phantoms that consider task-based evaluation is needed. This is also true for acceptance and continuous QC use. To present and validate a lung-CT hybrid phantom composed of two setups, one for task-based image quality metrics and the other anthropomorphic. The task-based metrics setup was based on the well-known Mercury phantom and the anthropomorphic setup named Freddie (from Figure of Merit Performance evaluation of Detectability in Diagnostic CT Imaging Equipment) was designed with the same basic dimensions of the Mercury phantom, but including pieces and materials for mimicking chest structures, such as tracheobronchial tree and lung parenchyma. This setup allows the inclusion of pieces of different sizes to mimic ground-glass opacities, and sub-solid and solid lung nodules. The validation of the phantom adopted three methods: comparative evaluation of the attenuation properties and the corresponding Hounsfield Units (HU) values of the selected materials; image assessment according to five chest radiologists and eight non-radiologists' observations (reader study), and measurement of task-based metrics. Images of both setups were acquired using two clinical thorax protocols, both using automatic tube current modulation (TCM). Two x-ray filter combinations were adopted. The images were reconstructed using a deep learning-based algorithm. The agreement of nominal and observed HU values in the task-based setup was within 15%, except for three (TangoBlack+, VeroClear, and HIPS) of the materials employed in the phantom construction, at some beam energies. In the reader study, synthetic solid nodules printed in VeroClear received average Likert scores 4.0 (range 3.0-4.0) from radiologists and 3 (range 2.6-3.8) from non-radiologists, printed in TangoBlack+ received an average Likert score of 3.9 (range 3.8-4.2) from radiologists and 4.0 (range 3.8-4.4) from non-radiologists, while those printed in HIPS scored an average Likert of 3.8 (range 3.3-3.9) from radiologists and 3.3 (range 3.1-3.3) from non-radiologists. The synthetic ground-glass opacities (GGO) nodules manufactured in EVA received an average Likert score of 3.8 (range 2.8-4.6) from radiologists and 4.3 (range 3.6-4.8) from non-radiologists. The task-based setup demonstrated detectability index variations across protocols influenced by the dose levels, voltage, and x-ray beam filtration used. The novelty of the proposed design is concentrated on the possibility of associating the response of the task-based setup (Mercury) with a patient-based setup (Freddie) in a unique phantom. This hybrid design enhances the potential to apply the detectability index for optimizing CT protocols in clinical scenarios.
Author Pimenta, Elsa Bifano
Marques, Wagner Henrique
Oostveen, Luuk J.
Boiset, Gisell Ruiz
Nersissian, Denise Yanikian
Moura, Raissa Aline Santos
Yoshimura, Elisabeth Mateus
Sechopoulos, Ioannis
Geurts, Bram
Sawamura, Marcio Valente Yamada
Costa, Paulo Roberto
Rocha, Raphael Moratta Vieira
AuthorAffiliation 4 Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
2 Department of Medical Imaging Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherland
3 Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
1 Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 4 Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
– name: 1 Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
– name: 3 Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
– name: 2 Department of Medical Imaging Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherland
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Paulo Roberto
  surname: Costa
  fullname: Costa, Paulo Roberto
  organization: Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil, Department of Medical Imaging Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherland, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Gisell Ruiz
  surname: Boiset
  fullname: Boiset, Gisell Ruiz
  organization: Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Elsa Bifano
  surname: Pimenta
  fullname: Pimenta, Elsa Bifano
  organization: Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Raphael Moratta Vieira
  surname: Rocha
  fullname: Rocha, Raphael Moratta Vieira
  organization: Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Raissa Aline Santos
  surname: Moura
  fullname: Moura, Raissa Aline Santos
  organization: Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Wagner Henrique
  surname: Marques
  fullname: Marques, Wagner Henrique
  organization: Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Luuk J.
  surname: Oostveen
  fullname: Oostveen, Luuk J.
  organization: Department of Medical Imaging Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherland
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Bram
  surname: Geurts
  fullname: Geurts, Bram
  organization: Department of Medical Imaging Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherland
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Marcio Valente Yamada
  surname: Sawamura
  fullname: Sawamura, Marcio Valente Yamada
  organization: Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Denise Yanikian
  surname: Nersissian
  fullname: Nersissian, Denise Yanikian
  organization: Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Elisabeth Mateus
  surname: Yoshimura
  fullname: Yoshimura, Elisabeth Mateus
  organization: Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
– sequence: 12
  givenname: Ioannis
  surname: Sechopoulos
  fullname: Sechopoulos, Ioannis
  organization: Department of Medical Imaging Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherland
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40781832$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNpVkctOwzAURC1URB8g8QUoSzYp175OYrNBqDylSmzK2rITpw1K7BA3lfr3FCgFVrOY0RlpZkwGzjtLyDmFKQVgV007pZmUcERGjGcYcwZyQEYAkseMQzIk4xDeACDFBE7IkEMmqEA2IvRpa7qqiNqVdmvfRKXvorp3y2i2uI7ubKiWLtKuiDa6rgq9rrw7JcelroM92-uEvD7cL2ZP8fzl8Xl2O49zllCImUCUGplJbCEwQ2nTNDEZ5pkxnBc6N2VitRWZ5EWW51poTESRptRIrU1qcUJuvrltbxpb5NatO12rtqsa3W2V15X677hqpZZ-oyhD5BJwR7jcEzr_3tuwVk0VclvX2lnfB4UMBTApUrGLXvwtO7T8DPXLyjsfQmfLQ4SC-vxANa36-gA_ALBaeBA
Cites_doi 10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.04.016
10.1002/mp.13763
10.1002/mp.15407
10.1118/1.4867863
10.1007/s10278-020-00358-6
10.1016/j.radmeas.2010.08.008
10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.03.021
10.1002/mp.17064
10.1148/radiol.2015132766
10.1148/radiol.210551
10.1016/j.mri.2012.05.001
10.1002/mp.14142
10.1002/mp.16151
10.1007/s00330-021-08248-3
10.1016/j.jacr.2017.12.026
10.1002/mp.14657
10.1002/mp.13058
10.1016/j.ejmp.2022.102512
10.1007/s00330-020-07668-x
10.1118/1.4923172
10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.04.026
10.1148/radiol.15142005
10.1038/s41598-023-31142-5
10.1088/1361-6560/ad6371
10.1201/9781351228251-57
10.1117/12.2611805
10.1088/0031-9155/60/2/R1
10.1148/rycan.2020190058
10.1016/j.ejmp.2024.103344
10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2166
10.1118/1.4791645
10.1088/1361-6560/adc070
10.3390/diagnostics13223448
10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109365
10.1056/NEJMoa1911793
10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.01.008
10.1073/pnas.90.21.9758
10.1002/mp.14359
10.1016/j.zemedi.2022.05.002
10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.08.007
10.1002/mp.14089
10.1016/j.acra.2022.04.025
10.1148/radiol.213084
10.1007/s00330-020-06724-w
10.1007/978-1-4614-8304-5_7
10.1016/j.ejmp.2022.03.010
10.1088/1748-0221/13/09/P09018
10.1118/1.4893497
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2025 The Author(s). Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine.
2025 The Author(s). published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2025 The Author(s). Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine.
– notice: 2025 The Author(s). published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
7X8
5PM
DOI 10.1002/mp.17990
DatabaseName CrossRef
Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList MEDLINE - Academic
MEDLINE
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: 7X8
  name: MEDLINE - Academic
  url: https://search.proquest.com/medline
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Medicine
Physics
DocumentTitleAlternate COSTA et al
EISSN 2473-4209
ExternalDocumentID PMC12334903
40781832
10_1002_mp_17990
Genre Validation Study
Journal Article
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
  grantid: 302986/2023-5
– fundername: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
  grantid: 311657/2021-4
– fundername: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
  grantid: 2018/05982-0
– fundername: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
  grantid: 2022/11457-0
– fundername: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
  grantid: 131691/2021-0
– fundername: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
  grantid: 2023/03945-8
– fundername: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
  grantid: 2021/14688-0
– fundername: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
  grantid: 141335/2021-1
– fundername: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
  grantid: 138533/2022-9
– fundername: ;
  grantid: 141335/2021‐1; 131691/2021‐0; 138533/2022‐9; 302986/2023‐5; 311657/2021‐4
– fundername: ;
  grantid: 2018/05982‐0; 2022/11457‐0; 2023/03945‐8; 2021/14688‐0
GroupedDBID ---
--Z
-DZ
.GJ
0R~
1OB
1OC
29M
2WC
33P
36B
3O-
4.4
53G
5GY
5RE
5VS
AAHQN
AAIPD
AAMMB
AAMNL
AANLZ
AAQQT
AASGY
AAXRX
AAYCA
AAYXX
AAZKR
ABCUV
ABDPE
ABEFU
ABJNI
ABLJU
ABQWH
ABUFD
ABXGK
ACAHQ
ACBEA
ACCZN
ACGFO
ACGFS
ACGOF
ACPOU
ACXBN
ACXQS
ADBBV
ADBTR
ADKYN
ADMLS
ADOZA
ADXAS
ADZMN
AEFGJ
AEGXH
AEIGN
AENEX
AEUYR
AEYWJ
AFBPY
AFFPM
AFWVQ
AGHNM
AGXDD
AGYGG
AHBTC
AIACR
AIAGR
AIDQK
AIDYY
AIQQE
AITYG
AIURR
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ALVPJ
AMYDB
ASPBG
BFHJK
C45
CITATION
CS3
DCZOG
DRFUL
DRMAN
DRSTM
DU5
EBD
EBS
EJD
EMB
EMOBN
F5P
HDBZQ
HGLYW
I-F
KBYEO
LATKE
LEEKS
LH4
LOXES
LUTES
LYRES
MEWTI
O9-
OVD
P2P
P2W
PALCI
PHY
RJQFR
RNS
ROL
SAMSI
SUPJJ
SV3
TEORI
TN5
TWZ
USG
WOHZO
WXSBR
ZGI
ZVN
ZXP
ZY4
ZZTAW
ALUQN
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
XJT
7X8
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c2510-28339a32b5ed83739e665b73c7bb44dacbf5eae8794d7cca8a358d661b9aab6e3
ISSN 0094-2405
2473-4209
IngestDate Tue Nov 04 02:05:17 EST 2025
Fri Sep 05 15:14:30 EDT 2025
Tue Sep 23 02:21:22 EDT 2025
Sat Nov 29 07:35:23 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 8
Keywords lung imaging
LDCT
anthropomorphic phantom
3D printing
Language English
License 2025 The Author(s). Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine.
This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c2510-28339a32b5ed83739e665b73c7bb44dacbf5eae8794d7cca8a358d661b9aab6e3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ObjectType-Undefined-3
OpenAccessLink https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC12334903
PMID 40781832
PQID 3238029868
PQPubID 23479
ParticipantIDs pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_12334903
proquest_miscellaneous_3238029868
pubmed_primary_40781832
crossref_primary_10_1002_mp_17990
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2025-08-00
2025-Aug
20250801
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2025-08-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 08
  year: 2025
  text: 2025-08-00
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace United States
PublicationPlace_xml – name: United States
– name: Hoboken
PublicationTitle Medical physics (Lancaster)
PublicationTitleAlternate Med Phys
PublicationYear 2025
Publisher John Wiley and Sons Inc
Publisher_xml – name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
References e_1_2_8_28_1
e_1_2_8_24_1
e_1_2_8_47_1
e_1_2_8_26_1
e_1_2_8_49_1
e_1_2_8_3_1
e_1_2_8_5_1
e_1_2_8_7_1
e_1_2_8_9_1
e_1_2_8_20_1
e_1_2_8_43_1
e_1_2_8_22_1
e_1_2_8_41_1
e_1_2_8_17_1
e_1_2_8_19_1
e_1_2_8_13_1
e_1_2_8_36_1
e_1_2_8_15_1
e_1_2_8_38_1
e_1_2_8_32_1
e_1_2_8_11_1
e_1_2_8_34_1
e_1_2_8_30_1
e_1_2_8_29_1
e_1_2_8_25_1
e_1_2_8_46_1
e_1_2_8_27_1
e_1_2_8_48_1
e_1_2_8_2_1
e_1_2_8_4_1
e_1_2_8_6_1
e_1_2_8_8_1
e_1_2_8_21_1
e_1_2_8_42_1
e_1_2_8_23_1
e_1_2_8_44_1
e_1_2_8_40_1
e_1_2_8_18_1
e_1_2_8_39_1
e_1_2_8_14_1
e_1_2_8_35_1
e_1_2_8_16_1
e_1_2_8_37_1
e_1_2_8_10_1
e_1_2_8_31_1
Berger MJ (e_1_2_8_45_1) 2010
e_1_2_8_12_1
e_1_2_8_33_1
e_1_2_8_50_1
References_xml – ident: e_1_2_8_12_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.04.016
– ident: e_1_2_8_19_1
  doi: 10.1002/mp.13763
– ident: e_1_2_8_33_1
  doi: 10.1002/mp.15407
– ident: e_1_2_8_15_1
  doi: 10.1118/1.4867863
– ident: e_1_2_8_39_1
  doi: 10.1007/s10278-020-00358-6
– ident: e_1_2_8_47_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2010.08.008
– year: 2010
  ident: e_1_2_8_45_1
  article-title: XCOM: Photon Cross Sections Database (Version 1.5) [Online Database]
  publication-title: National Institute of Standards and Technology
– ident: e_1_2_8_41_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.03.021
– ident: e_1_2_8_32_1
  doi: 10.1002/mp.17064
– ident: e_1_2_8_10_1
  doi: 10.1148/radiol.2015132766
– ident: e_1_2_8_8_1
  doi: 10.1148/radiol.210551
– ident: e_1_2_8_38_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2012.05.001
– ident: e_1_2_8_3_1
  doi: 10.1002/mp.14142
– ident: e_1_2_8_7_1
  doi: 10.1002/mp.16151
– ident: e_1_2_8_25_1
  doi: 10.1007/s00330-021-08248-3
– ident: e_1_2_8_11_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.jacr.2017.12.026
– ident: e_1_2_8_34_1
  doi: 10.1002/mp.14657
– ident: e_1_2_8_30_1
  doi: 10.1002/mp.13058
– ident: e_1_2_8_27_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2022.102512
– ident: e_1_2_8_6_1
  doi: 10.1007/s00330-020-07668-x
– ident: e_1_2_8_37_1
  doi: 10.1118/1.4923172
– ident: e_1_2_8_44_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.04.026
– ident: e_1_2_8_21_1
  doi: 10.1148/radiol.15142005
– ident: e_1_2_8_29_1
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-31142-5
– ident: e_1_2_8_42_1
  doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad6371
– ident: e_1_2_8_23_1
  doi: 10.1201/9781351228251-57
– ident: e_1_2_8_35_1
  doi: 10.1117/12.2611805
– ident: e_1_2_8_13_1
  doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/60/2/R1
– ident: e_1_2_8_4_1
  doi: 10.1148/rycan.2020190058
– ident: e_1_2_8_40_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2024.103344
– ident: e_1_2_8_46_1
  doi: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2166
– ident: e_1_2_8_36_1
  doi: 10.1118/1.4791645
– ident: e_1_2_8_22_1
  doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/adc070
– ident: e_1_2_8_50_1
  doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13223448
– ident: e_1_2_8_49_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109365
– ident: e_1_2_8_2_1
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1911793
– ident: e_1_2_8_48_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.01.008
– ident: e_1_2_8_14_1
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.90.21.9758
– ident: e_1_2_8_43_1
  doi: 10.1002/mp.14359
– ident: e_1_2_8_26_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2022.05.002
– ident: e_1_2_8_17_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.08.007
– ident: e_1_2_8_18_1
  doi: 10.1002/mp.14089
– ident: e_1_2_8_9_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2022.04.025
– ident: e_1_2_8_5_1
  doi: 10.1148/radiol.213084
– ident: e_1_2_8_16_1
  doi: 10.1007/s00330-020-06724-w
– ident: e_1_2_8_24_1
  doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-8304-5_7
– ident: e_1_2_8_28_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2022.03.010
– ident: e_1_2_8_31_1
  doi: 10.1088/1748-0221/13/09/P09018
– ident: e_1_2_8_20_1
  doi: 10.1118/1.4893497
SSID ssj0006350
Score 2.4735076
Snippet CT lung imaging protocols need to be optimized. This claim is especially important due to the possible introduction of low-dose CT (LDCT) for lung cancer...
SourceID pubmedcentral
proquest
pubmed
crossref
SourceType Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
StartPage e17990
SubjectTerms Early Detection of Cancer - instrumentation
Equipment Design
Humans
Lung - diagnostic imaging
Lung Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
Phantoms, Imaging
Tomography, X-Ray Computed - instrumentation
Title Hybrid phantom for lung CT: Design and validation
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40781832
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3238029868
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC12334903
Volume 52
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVWIB
  databaseName: Wiley Online Library Full Collection 2020
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2473-4209
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0006350
  issn: 0094-2405
  databaseCode: DRFUL
  dateStart: 19970101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com
  providerName: Wiley-Blackwell
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3fb9MwELZYB9NeEAwG5ccUJN6qQGonsc0bdIw9wDRVHepbZMeOFmlNomZFg7-es524LQMJHniJqsRxpLuv5_Pd5zuEXhMpiEoTHapUFGFMCQ2lFDiMC1ykY22KghW22QQ9O2PzOT_vgjmtbSdAq4rd3PDmv6oa7oGyzdHZf1C3nxRuwG9QOlxB7XD9K8WffjeHsEbNpWkPvLA0wquVSe7PzO7_2DI2bMoAPlqqtWL6tk5d5saFPGxM1pyTFq6Dhw8bTOrO7zTUwrojaNd-c1-XrctyfDLtnK5G01X5w1th11DAkcpaMfpQFqLyr07r3OWgpqIxhH6wOqbQshh9LXW5FJtRCpx4jhwsMtaaYcBBGOOIb5reBG9AjG3YUW0K1UW_NfGuZOyieXNrCEixWVitmuSksVXrRc5TD_tHO2gX04SzAdo9np5cfPbLN3hgUV-lOMJv-w_to73-1W0X5ta-5Fd67Ya_MnuA7ncbjeC9A8hDdEdXB2jvS0elOED3zp2CH6GxQ0zQISYAxAQGMcFk9i5weAkAL8EaL4_RxcnH2eQ07DpphDn4r1EIPiThgmCZaMUIJVynaSIpyamUcaxELotEC83AOCsK_2kmSMIUuG6SCyFTTQ7RoKor_RQFOWdxohSlfKxjpqQQkQSvWxdUFBSTfIhe9cLJGlcwJXOlsXG2aDIrSxjTSy0Da2ZSVKLS9arNCHiQpilAyoboiZOin6UX_xCxLfn6AaZS-vaTqry0FdPBPSMxj8izP076HO2vYfsCDa6XK_0S3c2_XZft8gjt0Dk76pDyE-DZhZE
linkProvider Wiley-Blackwell
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hybrid+phantom+for+lung+CT%3A+Design+and+validation&rft.jtitle=Medical+physics+%28Lancaster%29&rft.au=Costa%2C+Paulo+Roberto&rft.au=Boiset%2C+Gisell+Ruiz&rft.au=Pimenta%2C+Elsa+Bifano&rft.au=Rocha%2C+Raphael+Moratta+Vieira&rft.date=2025-08-01&rft.eissn=2473-4209&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=e17990&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fmp.17990&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F40781832&rft.externalDocID=40781832
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0094-2405&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0094-2405&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0094-2405&client=summon