Hydrogen process metallurgy: From ways of managing iron-bearing waste to hydrogen technology for steel smelting
The article presents some aspects of the current trends in changes in the state of steel smelting technology in the world, which are an attempt to respond to the serious destabilization of climatic and environmental conditions in the world as a result of excessive global emissions of carbon dioxide,...
Uloženo v:
| Vydáno v: | Ironmaking & steelmaking Ročník 52; číslo 10; s. 1421 - 1438 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autoři: | , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
London, England
SAGE Publications
01.12.2025
|
| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 0301-9233, 1743-2812 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
| Tagy: |
Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
|
| Abstract | The article presents some aspects of the current trends in changes in the state of steel smelting technology in the world, which are an attempt to respond to the serious destabilization of climatic and environmental conditions in the world as a result of excessive global emissions of carbon dioxide, including by the iron and steel industry. Since the concept of sustainable development refers to the entire closed cycle of iron and steel production along with development prospects, the article consists of three chapters:
I. Problems and methods of managing iron-bearing waste in iron and steel industry.
II. Transformation of the traditional blast furnace – basic oxygen furnace steel smelting technology to low CO2 emission technologies.
III. Net zero CO2 emissions (fossil-free) steelmaking technologies.
Chapter I emphasizes that in the sustainable development of all technologies, the effective and environmentally harmless transformation of waste materials should be the priority throughout the entire steel technological and production chain.
Chapter II refers to the necessary modernization projects in the current dominant two-stage technology for producing iron and steel: a blast furnace - a basic oxygen furnace. This technology is the main emitter of carbon dioxide in the iron and steel industry, including the production of blast coke. The gradual elimination of this method of steel production means that in the transitional period there will be a need to adapt existing blast furnace installations to the DRI process for producing metalized pellets. The problems of developing low-emission technologies for producing iron and steel are the subject of many projects conducted by many industry and university research centers.
Chapter III mainly concerns the development of research on prospective zero-emission steel production technologies using hydrogen as an iron oxide reducer. The importance of this type of technological solutions for radically reducing CO2 emissions in the iron and steel industry seems to be decisive in the chain of modernization and transformation efforts, as well as research on new technologies in the iron and steel industry, which have been undertaken for many years. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The article presents some aspects of the current trends in changes in the state of steel smelting technology in the world, which are an attempt to respond to the serious destabilization of climatic and environmental conditions in the world as a result of excessive global emissions of carbon dioxide, including by the iron and steel industry. Since the concept of sustainable development refers to the entire closed cycle of iron and steel production along with development prospects, the article consists of three chapters:
I. Problems and methods of managing iron-bearing waste in iron and steel industry.
II. Transformation of the traditional blast furnace – basic oxygen furnace steel smelting technology to low CO2 emission technologies.
III. Net zero CO2 emissions (fossil-free) steelmaking technologies.
Chapter I emphasizes that in the sustainable development of all technologies, the effective and environmentally harmless transformation of waste materials should be the priority throughout the entire steel technological and production chain.
Chapter II refers to the necessary modernization projects in the current dominant two-stage technology for producing iron and steel: a blast furnace - a basic oxygen furnace. This technology is the main emitter of carbon dioxide in the iron and steel industry, including the production of blast coke. The gradual elimination of this method of steel production means that in the transitional period there will be a need to adapt existing blast furnace installations to the DRI process for producing metalized pellets. The problems of developing low-emission technologies for producing iron and steel are the subject of many projects conducted by many industry and university research centers.
Chapter III mainly concerns the development of research on prospective zero-emission steel production technologies using hydrogen as an iron oxide reducer. The importance of this type of technological solutions for radically reducing CO2 emissions in the iron and steel industry seems to be decisive in the chain of modernization and transformation efforts, as well as research on new technologies in the iron and steel industry, which have been undertaken for many years. The article presents some aspects of the current trends in changes in the state of steel smelting technology in the world, which are an attempt to respond to the serious destabilization of climatic and environmental conditions in the world as a result of excessive global emissions of carbon dioxide, including by the iron and steel industry. Since the concept of sustainable development refers to the entire closed cycle of iron and steel production along with development prospects, the article consists of three chapters: I. Problems and methods of managing iron-bearing waste in iron and steel industry. II. Transformation of the traditional blast furnace – basic oxygen furnace steel smelting technology to low CO 2 emission technologies. III. Net zero CO 2 emissions (fossil-free) steelmaking technologies. Chapter I emphasizes that in the sustainable development of all technologies, the effective and environmentally harmless transformation of waste materials should be the priority throughout the entire steel technological and production chain. Chapter II refers to the necessary modernization projects in the current dominant two-stage technology for producing iron and steel: a blast furnace - a basic oxygen furnace. This technology is the main emitter of carbon dioxide in the iron and steel industry, including the production of blast coke. The gradual elimination of this method of steel production means that in the transitional period there will be a need to adapt existing blast furnace installations to the DRI process for producing metalized pellets. The problems of developing low-emission technologies for producing iron and steel are the subject of many projects conducted by many industry and university research centers. Chapter III mainly concerns the development of research on prospective zero-emission steel production technologies using hydrogen as an iron oxide reducer. The importance of this type of technological solutions for radically reducing CO 2 emissions in the iron and steel industry seems to be decisive in the chain of modernization and transformation efforts, as well as research on new technologies in the iron and steel industry, which have been undertaken for many years. |
| Author | Szemalikowska, Alicja Stecko, Janusz Mróz, Jan Niesler, Marian |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jan surname: Mróz fullname: Mróz, Jan – sequence: 2 givenname: Alicja orcidid: 0009-0009-8782-7505 surname: Szemalikowska fullname: Szemalikowska, Alicja email: alicja.szemalikowska@git.lukasiewicz.gov.pl – sequence: 3 givenname: Marian orcidid: 0000-0002-4455-238X surname: Niesler fullname: Niesler, Marian – sequence: 4 givenname: Janusz surname: Stecko fullname: Stecko, Janusz |
| BookMark | eNp9kM1qwzAQhEVJoUnaB-hNL-BUP7Zl9VZC0xQCvbRnI8srJ8HWBskh-O1rk_ZU6GlZZr7ZZRZk5tEDIY-crThX6olJxrWQUmRc5oppdkPmXKUyEQUXMzKf9GQy3JFFjEfGmFJCzQluhzpgA56eAlqIkXbQm7Y9h2Z4ppuAHb2YIVJ0tDPeNAff0ENAn1RgwrRcTOyB9kj3v0E92L3HFpuBOgx0lKGlsYO2H_335NaZNsLDz1ySr83r53qb7D7e3tcvu8QKWfSJzdNaZKaq9Hgn51AJWSmRpZDXTkCmpcg5T4uisFZpUxfgmJNprWVqFXfaySXh11wbMMYArjyFQ2fCUHJWTo2VfxobmdWViaaB8ojn4McX_wG-AVV3b5A |
| Cites_doi | 10.1007/s12613-020-2021-4 10.3390/met9030364 10.1145/237477.237514 10.3390/su12052118 10.1007/s12613-021-2400-5 10.1016/B978-0-12-819725-7.00160-4 10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.101 10.3390/ma14081914 10.1007/978-3-030-21209-4 10.1179/1743281211Y.0000000053 10.1051/metal/199895101225 10.1039/D3EE01077E 10.3390/met10030331 10.2320/matertrans.42.2506 10.1002/srin.198900889 10.1007/s40831-023-00776-0 10.1002/srin.198900885 10.1007/s40831-016-0054-8 10.3390/met10070972 10.1007/s11663-012-9754-z |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | The Author(s) 2025 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: The Author(s) 2025 |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION |
| DOI | 10.1177/03019233251367090 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef |
| DatabaseTitleList | CrossRef |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Engineering |
| EISSN | 1743-2812 |
| EndPage | 1438 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 10_1177_03019233251367090 10.1177_03019233251367090 |
| GroupedDBID | -~X 002 0R~ 1~B 29J 4.4 5GY 7RQ 7WY 883 8FE 8FG 8FL 8R4 8R5 AAJMT AAPII AAQXI AATAA ABDBF ABFIM ABJCF ABKLS ABPNF ABRHV ABUJY ABUWG ABXYU ACFOO ACIWK ACOXC ACTIO ACTTO ACUHS ACUIR ACVGN ADCVX ADEBD ADGTB ADUMR ADVBO AEAXR AENEX AEXNY AFFHD AFFNX AFION AFKRA AGDLA AGKLV AGVKY AGWUF AHDMH AI. AIJEM AJGYC AJVBE AKOOK ALKDR ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALQZU ALRRR AQRUH AQTUD ARTOV AWYRJ AZQEC BENPR BEZIV BGLVJ BLEHA BPACV BPHCQ CCCUG CCPQU CS3 CYRSC D1I DAOYK DGEBU DU5 DWQXO E01 EAP EBS EJD EMK EPL ESX FHBDP FRNLG H13 HCIFZ HCLVR HZ~ I-F IPNFZ IRD ITF ITG ITH J8X K60 K6~ KB. KYCEM LJTGL M0F M46 M4Z MV1 OPCYK P2P P75 P7B PDBOC PHGZM PHGZT PQBIZ PQBZA PQGLB PQQKQ PROAC Q2X RIG SAUOL SCNPE SFC TDBHL TFL TFW TN5 TTHFI TUS VH1 ZY4 ~02 AAYXX ABUAX CITATION |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c238t-c64d25abb9bea61eb23b7254e6df2e59326114888cc79ad8ef0f34d934c71f9f3 |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 0 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001548828500001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 0301-9233 |
| IngestDate | Sat Nov 29 06:54:07 EST 2025 Sun Nov 16 06:20:34 EST 2025 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 10 |
| Keywords | recycling new processes technology hydrogen sustainable iron and steelmaking |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c238t-c64d25abb9bea61eb23b7254e6df2e59326114888cc79ad8ef0f34d934c71f9f3 |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4455-238X 0009-0009-8782-7505 |
| PageCount | 18 |
| ParticipantIDs | crossref_primary_10_1177_03019233251367090 sage_journals_10_1177_03019233251367090 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2025-12-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2025-12-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 12 year: 2025 text: 2025-12-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | London, England |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: London, England |
| PublicationTitle | Ironmaking & steelmaking |
| PublicationYear | 2025 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications |
| Publisher_xml | – name: SAGE Publications |
| References | Pei, Petäjäniemi, Regnell 2020; 10 Abdul Quader, Ahmed, Dawal 2016; 55 Sohn, Mohassab 2016; 2 Rosner, Papadias, Brooks 2023; 16 Mróz, Borinder, Niesler 2009; 10 Mróz, Konstanciak, Warzecha 2021; 14 Manchisi, Matinde, Rowson 2020; 12 Tang, Chu, Li 2020; 27 Pu, Du, Cheng 2024; 10 Matsuura, Yang, Li; 29 Wang, Sohn; 44B Takano, Nascimento, Lenz e Silva 2001; 42 Song, Jiang, Bao 2019; 9 Birat 2020; 10 e_1_3_2_26_2 e_1_3_2_28_2 e_1_3_2_41_2 e_1_3_2_20_2 e_1_3_2_43_2 e_1_3_2_22_2 e_1_3_2_45_2 e_1_3_2_24_2 e_1_3_2_47_2 e_1_3_2_9_2 e_1_3_2_16_2 e_1_3_2_37_2 e_1_3_2_7_2 e_1_3_2_18_2 e_1_3_2_39_2 e_1_3_2_54_2 e_1_3_2_10_2 e_1_3_2_31_2 e_1_3_2_52_2 e_1_3_2_5_2 e_1_3_2_12_2 e_1_3_2_33_2 e_1_3_2_58_2 e_1_3_2_3_2 e_1_3_2_14_2 e_1_3_2_35_2 e_1_3_2_56_2 e_1_3_2_50_2 e_1_3_2_27_2 e_1_3_2_48_2 e_1_3_2_29_2 Mróz J (e_1_3_2_30_2) 2009; 10 e_1_3_2_40_2 e_1_3_2_21_2 e_1_3_2_42_2 e_1_3_2_23_2 e_1_3_2_44_2 e_1_3_2_25_2 e_1_3_2_46_2 e_1_3_2_15_2 e_1_3_2_38_2 e_1_3_2_8_2 e_1_3_2_17_2 e_1_3_2_6_2 e_1_3_2_19_2 e_1_3_2_53_2 e_1_3_2_32_2 Wang H (e_1_3_2_49_2); 44 e_1_3_2_51_2 e_1_3_2_11_2 e_1_3_2_34_2 e_1_3_2_57_2 e_1_3_2_4_2 e_1_3_2_13_2 e_1_3_2_36_2 e_1_3_2_55_2 e_1_3_2_2_2 |
| References_xml | – volume: 29 start-page: 739 article-title: Recycling of ironmaking and steelmaking slags in Japan and China, international journal of minerals publication-title: Metallurgy and Materials – volume: 10 start-page: 735 year: 2009 end-page: 740 article-title: Dust-gas emission in iron- and steelmaking industry publication-title: Hutnik-Wiadomości Hutnicze – volume: 10 start-page: 972 year: 2020 article-title: Toward a fossil free future with hybrit. Development of iron and steelmaking technology in Sweden and Finland publication-title: Metals (Basel) – volume: 14 start-page: 1914 year: 2021 article-title: Research on reduction of selected iron-bearing waste materials publication-title: Materials (Basel) – volume: 2 start-page: 216 year: 2016 end-page: 227 article-title: Development of a novel flash ironmaking technology with greatly reduced energy consumption and CO2 emissions publication-title: J. Sustain. Metall – volume: 42 start-page: 2506 year: 2001 article-title: Recycling of solid wastes from integrated steelmaking plant publication-title: Mater Trans – volume: 27 start-page: 713 year: 2020 end-page: 723 article-title: Development and progress on hydrogen metallurgy publication-title: Int J Miner Metall Mater – volume: 10 start-page: 331 year: 2020 article-title: Society, materials, and the environment: the case of steel publication-title: Metals (Basel) – volume: 9 start-page: 364 year: 2019 article-title: Comparison of energy consumption and CO2 emission for three steel production routes—integrated steel plant equipped with blast furnace, oxygen blast furnace or COREX publication-title: Metals (Basel) – volume: 10 start-page: 83 year: 2024 end-page: 95 article-title: Research on biomass waste utilization for synergetic reduction of stainless steel sludge and zinc-containing dust publication-title: Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy – volume: 16 start-page: 4121 year: 2023 article-title: Green steel: design and cost analysis of hydrogen-based direct iron reduction publication-title: Energy Environ. Sci – volume: 12 start-page: 2118 year: 2020 article-title: Ironmaking and steelmaking slags as sustainable adsorbents for industrial effuents and wastewater treatment: a critical review of properties, performance, challenges and opportunities publication-title: Sustainability – volume: 44B start-page: 133 article-title: Hydrogen reduction kinetics of magnetite concentrate particles relevant to a novel flash ironmaking process publication-title: Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B – volume: 55 start-page: 537 year: 2016 article-title: Present needs, recent progres and future trends of energy efficient ultra-low carbon dioxide (CO2) steelmaking (ULCOS) program publication-title: Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev – ident: e_1_3_2_18_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_57_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_29_2 doi: 10.1007/s12613-020-2021-4 – ident: e_1_3_2_20_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_35_2 doi: 10.3390/met9030364 – ident: e_1_3_2_13_2 doi: 10.1145/237477.237514 – ident: e_1_3_2_12_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_6_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_34_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_42_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_15_2 doi: 10.3390/su12052118 – ident: e_1_3_2_16_2 doi: 10.1007/s12613-021-2400-5 – ident: e_1_3_2_11_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_56_2 – volume: 10 start-page: 735 year: 2009 ident: e_1_3_2_30_2 article-title: Dust-gas emission in iron- and steelmaking industry publication-title: Hutnik-Wiadomości Hutnicze – ident: e_1_3_2_50_2 doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819725-7.00160-4 – ident: e_1_3_2_22_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_36_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_47_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_8_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_39_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_33_2 doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.101 – ident: e_1_3_2_14_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_28_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_25_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_17_2 doi: 10.3390/ma14081914 – ident: e_1_3_2_38_2 doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-21209-4 – ident: e_1_3_2_41_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_52_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_55_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_51_2 doi: 10.1179/1743281211Y.0000000053 – ident: e_1_3_2_7_2 doi: 10.1051/metal/199895101225 – ident: e_1_3_2_58_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_2_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_53_2 doi: 10.1039/D3EE01077E – ident: e_1_3_2_54_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_40_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_43_2 doi: 10.3390/met10030331 – ident: e_1_3_2_9_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_46_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_3_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_4_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_31_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_5_2 doi: 10.2320/matertrans.42.2506 – ident: e_1_3_2_23_2 doi: 10.1002/srin.198900889 – ident: e_1_3_2_45_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_37_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_19_2 doi: 10.1007/s40831-023-00776-0 – ident: e_1_3_2_26_2 doi: 10.1002/srin.198900885 – ident: e_1_3_2_48_2 doi: 10.1007/s40831-016-0054-8 – ident: e_1_3_2_44_2 doi: 10.3390/met10070972 – ident: e_1_3_2_27_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_24_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_10_2 – ident: e_1_3_2_32_2 – volume: 44 start-page: 133 ident: e_1_3_2_49_2 article-title: Hydrogen reduction kinetics of magnetite concentrate particles relevant to a novel flash ironmaking process publication-title: Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B doi: 10.1007/s11663-012-9754-z – ident: e_1_3_2_21_2 |
| SSID | ssj0007727 |
| Score | 2.3782055 |
| Snippet | The article presents some aspects of the current trends in changes in the state of steel smelting technology in the world, which are an attempt to respond to... |
| SourceID | crossref sage |
| SourceType | Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 1421 |
| Title | Hydrogen process metallurgy: From ways of managing iron-bearing waste to hydrogen technology for steel smelting |
| URI | https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/03019233251367090 |
| Volume | 52 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos001548828500001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVAWR databaseName: Taylor & Francis Journals Complete customDbUrl: eissn: 1743-2812 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0007727 issn: 0301-9233 databaseCode: TFW dateStart: 19990201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.tandfonline.com providerName: Taylor & Francis |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lj9MwELbKwgEOiKfY5SEfkJBAkerErpO9AaJaJKiQKGJvVezYy9I0WTXpPvoP-VeMX2m2LNJy4BKlqTtJPV_m5ZkxQi9pKodJTtKISROtEopGgtA8AuUuwSVSjAvbZ_YTn0zSw8Psy2DwK9TCnJa8qtLz8-zkv7IargGzTensP7C7IwoX4ByYDkdgOxyvxfiDi2JZH7nUK1MDYDaJzstytTyyzZ3Gpp7kLL-wKRyLsEuRKXaLBEyFjc3mwHpjlP4IpNouAG_TEuFrVb5pFqpsg-bz9u1HUzRnN7iymLID3eeOs3Zt_l2ydjm6HTa_rtUCfIJ5fdbMXay3PJY_O6UxAY_eFy1-hqfs_Q6ebV57Yqtm3Q9jxGwrJcStn10dqQQZFIEd6uSgcnLadFaNU3JJkLO4D9hhTywT6sqwvYo3W75frT7sAra5obkfmH62vd1woyu7DEY_evbH2BvoZsxZZgTsdPy9MwrAieFuQcv9F7_Abnt_bZO4ZCL18gutyTO9h-56XwW_dRi7jwaqeoDu9DpYPkR1QBv2aMMbtO1jgzVssIZrjQPWcB9r2GINtzUOWMMbrGHAGrYQwgFrj9C38Yfp-4PI7-ERSTAG20iOaBGzXIgM6I6IEnEieMyoGhU6Vsx4D8YjT1MpeZYXqdJDndAiS6jkRGc6eYx2qrpSTxDWjApKNScyS2nMiSBEF1wnGmgykotd9DpM2-zEtWqZkdDNfnuOd9ErM7Ez_-I2fx-5d-2RT9HtDbKfoZ12uVLP0S152h43yxcWD78By-mT8A |
| linkProvider | Taylor & Francis |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+process+metallurgy%3A+From+ways+of+managing+iron-bearing+waste+to+hydrogen+technology+for+steel+smelting&rft.jtitle=Ironmaking+%26+steelmaking&rft.au=Mr%C3%B3z%2C+Jan&rft.au=Szemalikowska%2C+Alicja&rft.au=Niesler%2C+Marian&rft.au=Stecko%2C+Janusz&rft.date=2025-12-01&rft.pub=SAGE+Publications&rft.issn=0301-9233&rft.eissn=1743-2812&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1421&rft.epage=1438&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F03019233251367090&rft.externalDocID=10.1177_03019233251367090 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0301-9233&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0301-9233&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0301-9233&client=summon |