Decision support for the planning of integrated wastewater reuse projects in South Africa
Wastewater reuse is an attractive option for supplementing available water supplies. Benefits of reuse include pollution abatement due to the reduction of effluent discharge to surface water bodies, the decrease in the use of freshwaters from sensitive ecosystems, replenishment of soil nutrients in...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Water science & technology. Water supply Jg. 10; H. 2; S. 251 - 267 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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London
International Water Association
01.04.2010
IWA Publishing |
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| ISSN: | 1606-9749, 1607-0798 |
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| Abstract | Wastewater reuse is an attractive option for supplementing available water supplies. Benefits of reuse include pollution abatement due to the reduction of effluent discharge to surface water bodies, the decrease in the use of freshwaters from sensitive ecosystems, replenishment of soil nutrients in agriculture, enhancement of groundwater recharge and delay in the future expansion of water supply infrastructure. This paper presents ongoing research in developing and testing of a decision support system (DSS) for assessing the feasibility of implementing wastewater reuse projects in South Africa. The DSS employs multi-criteria qualitative assessment across technical, environmental, social, institution and water resources. The database of the DSS contains 33 wastewater treatment unit processes with known information on performance, costs and qualitative criteria obtained from literature. The knowledge base on the other hand, consists of a set of rules for combining the treatment units to form treatment trains and contains information on maximum allowable values for different water quality parameters for five end users. The weighted average method was used to aggregate scores obtained from the assessment of the different criteria to generate an indicative value that could form the basis for decision making. Testing of the DSS was applied to the Parow wastewater treatment plant in Cape Town. Results of the analysis shows that only the water resources evaluation score (1.0) is considered excellent for reuse implementation while the institutional evaluation score is weak (0.35) in guaranteeing success. Social evaluation and treatment train technical/environmental have qualitative evaluation scores of 0.76. The desirable score for all the criteria is 1.0 in order to facilitate the successful implementation of any reuse project. The quality of treated effluent from the proposed treatment trains meets the quality requirement in most of the pollutant determined except total phosphorus (2.88). The value is acceptable if the use of the effluent is limited to irrigation. If decision makers give adequate attention to the criteria highlighted in this model, success of a reuse project in South Africa can be better enhanced. |
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| AbstractList | Wastewater reuse is an attractive option for supplementing available water supplies. Benefits of reuse include pollution abatement due to the reduction of effluent discharge to surface water bodies, the decrease in the use of freshwaters from sensitive ecosystems, replenishment of soil nutrients in agriculture, enhancement of groundwater recharge and delay in the future expansion of water supply infrastructure. This paper presents ongoing research in developing and testing of a decision support system (DSS) for assessing the feasibility of implementing wastewater reuse projects in South Africa. The DSS employs multi-criteria qualitative assessment across technical, environmental, social, institution and water resources. The database of the DSS contains 33 wastewater treatment unit processes with known information on performance, costs and qualitative criteria obtained from literature. The knowledge base on the other hand, consists of a set of rules for combining the treatment units to form treatment trains and contains information on maximum allowable values for different water quality parameters for five end users. The weighted average method was used to aggregate scores obtained from the assessment of the different criteria to generate an indicative value that could form the basis for decision making. Testing of the DSS was applied to the Parow wastewater treatment plant in Cape Town. Results of the analysis shows that only the water resources evaluation score (1.0) is considered excellent for reuse implementation while the institutional evaluation score is weak (0.35) in guaranteeing success. Social evaluation and treatment train technical/environmental have qualitative evaluation scores of 0.76. The desirable score for all the criteria is 1.0 in order to facilitate the successful implementation of any reuse project. The quality of treated effluent from the proposed treatment trains meets the quality requirement in most of the pollutant determined except total phosphorus (2.88). The value is acceptable if the use of the effluent is limited to irrigation. If decision makers give adequate attention to the criteria highlighted in this model, success of a reuse project in South Africa can be better enhanced. |
| Author | Adewumi, J. R. Ilemobade, A. A. van Zyl, J. E. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: J. R. surname: Adewumi fullname: Adewumi, J. R. organization: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa – sequence: 2 givenname: A. A. surname: Ilemobade fullname: Ilemobade, A. A. organization: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa – sequence: 3 givenname: J. E. surname: van Zyl fullname: van Zyl, J. E. organization: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Cape Town, South Africa |
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| DOI | 10.2166/ws.2010.231 |
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| Keywords | Water treatment Water management Methodology Decision support system Use Reuse wastewater reuse Waste water multiple criteria water scarcity Shortage Cost function Perception Planning |
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| SubjectTerms | Agricultural economics Applied sciences Buildings. Public works Decision making Decision support systems Ecosystems Effluent treatment Effluents End users Evaluation Exact sciences and technology Feasibility studies Fresh water Freshwater Groundwater Groundwater recharge Impaired water use Information processing Mineral nutrients Multiple criterion Nutrients Phosphorus Pollution abatement Pollution control Replenishment Sewerage. Sewer construction Soil Soil nutrients Surface water Testing Wastewater Wastewater discharges Wastewater reuse Wastewater treatment Wastewater treatment plants Water bodies Water pollution Water quality Water resources Water reuse Water supply Water supply. Pipings. Water treatment Water treatment |
| Title | Decision support for the planning of integrated wastewater reuse projects in South Africa |
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