Implementation of the Principle of Continuity in Inclusive Education in Russia
The work is aimed at analyzing indicators for ensuring the continuity of the inclusive process in general and vocational education in Russia. The study was conducted in educational organizations in 82 regions of the country; 6377 heads of educational organizations, 60870 teachers, 92093 parents and...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Psihologičeskaâ nauka i obrazovanie Jg. 29; H. 5; S. 31 - 48 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Russisch |
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Moscow State University of Psychology and Education
09.11.2024
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| ISSN: | 1814-2052, 2311-7273 |
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| Abstract | The work is aimed at analyzing indicators for ensuring the continuity of the inclusive process in general and vocational education in Russia. The study was conducted in educational organizations in 82 regions of the country; 6377 heads of educational organizations, 60870 teachers, 92093 parents and 32039 students of secondary vocational education participated were recruited for this study. The main method was an online survey, the data analysis method is frequency. The article describes four indicators of the continuity of the inclusive process - ensuring the variability of educational programs, plans and organizational forms of education, psychological and pedagogical support for students with special needs and its staffing, ensuring the participation of all students and their parents in the educational process, the life of the educational organization, support in self-determination and choice of professional educational trajectory. The implementation of the principle of continuity, enshrined in the normative field of education, is reflected in the data of the article through indicators of the sustainability of the share of inclusion of a number of categories of students with special needs when moving from level to level. However, obstacles to the implementation of the principle of continuity are the insufficiency of mechanisms for the individualization of education, including the lack of institutionalization of the individual educational route, staffing shortages for psychological and pedagogical support of students, as well as the social and practical orientation of career guidance technologies.
Представленные в статье материалы посвящены проблеме обеспечения непрерывности инклюзивного процесса в общем и профессиональном образовании России. Цель статьи - описать уровень обеспечения непрерывности инклюзивного процесса в общем и профессиональном образовании России через комплекс показателей, выявляющих способность системы удовлетворять потребность человека в реализации индивидуального образовательного маршрута с учетом его индивидуальных возможностей. Исследование было проведено в образовательных организациях 82 регионов страны, в опросе участвовали 6377 руководителей образовательных организаций, 60870 педагогов, 92093 родителей и 32039 обучающихся среднего профессионального образования. Основной метод - онлайн-опрос, метод анализа данных - частотный. В статье описаны четыре способа обеспечения инклюзивного процесса, лежащие в основе его непрерывности наряду с рядом других средств: обеспечение вариативности образовательных программ, планов и организационных форм обучения, психолого-педагогическое сопровождение обучающихся с особыми потребностями и его кадровое обеспечение, обеспечение участия всех обучающихся и их родителей в образовательном процессе и жизни образовательной организации и поддержка в самоопределении и выборе профессиональной образовательной траектории. Обращается особое внимание на то, как реализация принципа непрерывности, закрепленного в нормативном поле образования, отражается через показатели устойчивости доли включения ряда категорий обучающихся с особыми потребностями при переходе с уровня на уровень. Делается вывод, что препятствием для реализации принципа непрерывности является недостаточность механизмов индивидуализации образования, в том числе отсутствие институализации индивидуального образовательного маршрута, дефициты кадрового обеспечения психолого-педагогического сопровождения обучающихся, а также социальной и практической направленности технологий профориентации. |
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| AbstractList | The work is aimed at analyzing indicators for ensuring the continuity of the inclusive process in general and vocational education in Russia. The study was conducted in educational organizations in 82 regions of the country; 6377 heads of educational organizations, 60870 teachers, 92093 parents and 32039 students of secondary vocational education participated were recruited for this study. The main method was an online survey, the data analysis method is frequency. The article describes four indicators of the continuity of the inclusive process - ensuring the variability of educational programs, plans and organizational forms of education, psychological and pedagogical support for students with special needs and its staffing, ensuring the participation of all students and their parents in the educational process, the life of the educational organization, support in self-determination and choice of professional educational trajectory. The implementation of the principle of continuity, enshrined in the normative field of education, is reflected in the data of the article through indicators of the sustainability of the share of inclusion of a number of categories of students with special needs when moving from level to level. However, obstacles to the implementation of the principle of continuity are the insufficiency of mechanisms for the individualization of education, including the lack of institutionalization of the individual educational route, staffing shortages for psychological and pedagogical support of students, as well as the social and practical orientation of career guidance technologies.
Представленные в статье материалы посвящены проблеме обеспечения непрерывности инклюзивного процесса в общем и профессиональном образовании России. Цель статьи - описать уровень обеспечения непрерывности инклюзивного процесса в общем и профессиональном образовании России через комплекс показателей, выявляющих способность системы удовлетворять потребность человека в реализации индивидуального образовательного маршрута с учетом его индивидуальных возможностей. Исследование было проведено в образовательных организациях 82 регионов страны, в опросе участвовали 6377 руководителей образовательных организаций, 60870 педагогов, 92093 родителей и 32039 обучающихся среднего профессионального образования. Основной метод - онлайн-опрос, метод анализа данных - частотный. В статье описаны четыре способа обеспечения инклюзивного процесса, лежащие в основе его непрерывности наряду с рядом других средств: обеспечение вариативности образовательных программ, планов и организационных форм обучения, психолого-педагогическое сопровождение обучающихся с особыми потребностями и его кадровое обеспечение, обеспечение участия всех обучающихся и их родителей в образовательном процессе и жизни образовательной организации и поддержка в самоопределении и выборе профессиональной образовательной траектории. Обращается особое внимание на то, как реализация принципа непрерывности, закрепленного в нормативном поле образования, отражается через показатели устойчивости доли включения ряда категорий обучающихся с особыми потребностями при переходе с уровня на уровень. Делается вывод, что препятствием для реализации принципа непрерывности является недостаточность механизмов индивидуализации образования, в том числе отсутствие институализации индивидуального образовательного маршрута, дефициты кадрового обеспечения психолого-педагогического сопровождения обучающихся, а также социальной и практической направленности технологий профориентации. The work is aimed at analyzing indicators for ensuring the continuity of the inclusive process in general and vocational education in Russia. The study was conducted in educational organizations in 82 regions of the country; 6377 heads of educational organizations, 60870 teachers, 92093 parents and 32039 students of secondary vocational education participated were recruited for this study. The main method was an online survey, the data analysis method is frequency. The article describes four indicators of the continuity of the inclusive process - ensuring the variability of educational programs, plans and organizational forms of education, psychological and pedagogical support for students with special needs and its staffing, ensuring the participation of all students and their parents in the educational process, the life of the educational organization, support in self-determination and choice of professional educational trajectory. The implementation of the principle of continuity, enshrined in the normative field of education, is reflected in the data of the article through indicators of the sustainability of the share of inclusion of a number of categories of students with special needs when moving from level to level. However, obstacles to the implementation of the principle of continuity are the insufficiency of mechanisms for the individualization of education, including the lack of institutionalization of the individual educational route, staffing shortages for psychological and pedagogical support of students, as well as the social and practical orientation of career guidance technologies. |
| Author | Shemanov, A.Yu Alekhina, S.V. Samsonova, E.V. Bystrova, Yu.A. |
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