Joint Throughput Equalization Power Control and Cell-Free Model for Enhancing Performance of WBANs

Wireless body area networks (WBANs) have gained significant attention due to their versatile applications in healthcare and the rapid development of personal healthcare devices. This paper proposes a novel cell-free (CF) model for WBANs, where multiple access points (APs) instantaneously support dis...

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Published in:	Wireless personal communications Vol. 139; no. 2; pp. 921 - 946
Main Authors:	Bao, Bo Quoc, Anh, Bui Tien, Yen, Vu Thi Hoang, Hiep, Pham Thanh, Le, Hai-Nam
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Dordrecht Springer Nature B.V 01.11.2024
Subjects:	Algorithms Body area networks Closed form solutions Control algorithms Control theory Cost control Data integrity Data transmission Downlinking Energy consumption Energy efficiency Health care Medical equipment Nonorthogonal multiple access Performance enhancement Power control Sensors Sequences Signal quality Topology Uplinking
ISSN:	0929-6212, 1572-834X
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Abstract	Wireless body area networks (WBANs) have gained significant attention due to their versatile applications in healthcare and the rapid development of personal healthcare devices. This paper proposes a novel cell-free (CF) model for WBANs, where multiple access points (APs) instantaneously support distributed sensors placed on the body by allowing all sensors to share the same time and frequency resources. Unlike multiple access schemes, such as non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), “cell-free” in our context denotes a decentralized architecture where multiple distributed APs cooperatively serve multiple sensors without the traditional cell boundaries. In NOMA systems, APs communicate with sensors in a cell by superimposing signals at different power levels, whereas CF systems enhance signal quality through joint processing across APs. Different from the traditional star topology WBAN where one AP communicates with only one sensor at a time, the CF model allows all sensors to transceive information data at the same time. Furthermore, a joint CF model and transmit power control algorithm is proposed to control the transmit power of sensors in the uplink and APs in the downlink of the CF model WBAN based on channel conditions in order to reduce the inter-user interference, maintain fairness among all sensors, and thereby improve the per-sensor throughput. The achievable uplink and downlink rates are derived using matched filtering and computational algorithms, resulting in a closed-form solution. The proposed joint method of the CF model and transmit power control algorithm is compared with the CF model without power control and traditional star topology WBANs to assess the effectiveness of the proposed approaches via several key parameters, including the number of sensors, the number of APs, and the length of pilot sequences. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approaches enhance system performance in both uplink and downlink across all tested scenarios.
AbstractList	Wireless body area networks (WBANs) have gained significant attention due to their versatile applications in healthcare and the rapid development of personal healthcare devices. This paper proposes a novel cell-free (CF) model for WBANs, where multiple access points (APs) instantaneously support distributed sensors placed on the body by allowing all sensors to share the same time and frequency resources. Unlike multiple access schemes, such as non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), “cell-free” in our context denotes a decentralized architecture where multiple distributed APs cooperatively serve multiple sensors without the traditional cell boundaries. In NOMA systems, APs communicate with sensors in a cell by superimposing signals at different power levels, whereas CF systems enhance signal quality through joint processing across APs. Different from the traditional star topology WBAN where one AP communicates with only one sensor at a time, the CF model allows all sensors to transceive information data at the same time. Furthermore, a joint CF model and transmit power control algorithm is proposed to control the transmit power of sensors in the uplink and APs in the downlink of the CF model WBAN based on channel conditions in order to reduce the inter-user interference, maintain fairness among all sensors, and thereby improve the per-sensor throughput. The achievable uplink and downlink rates are derived using matched filtering and computational algorithms, resulting in a closed-form solution. The proposed joint method of the CF model and transmit power control algorithm is compared with the CF model without power control and traditional star topology WBANs to assess the effectiveness of the proposed approaches via several key parameters, including the number of sensors, the number of APs, and the length of pilot sequences. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approaches enhance system performance in both uplink and downlink across all tested scenarios.
Author	Yen, Vu Thi Hoang Anh, Bui Tien Le, Hai-Nam Bao, Bo Quoc Hiep, Pham Thanh
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Bo Quoc surname: Bao fullname: Bao, Bo Quoc – sequence: 2 givenname: Bui Tien surname: Anh fullname: Anh, Bui Tien – sequence: 3 givenname: Vu Thi Hoang surname: Yen fullname: Yen, Vu Thi Hoang – sequence: 4 givenname: Pham Thanh surname: Hiep fullname: Hiep, Pham Thanh – sequence: 5 givenname: Hai-Nam surname: Le fullname: Le, Hai-Nam
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SubjectTerms	Algorithms Body area networks Closed form solutions Control algorithms Control theory Cost control Data integrity Data transmission Downlinking Energy consumption Energy efficiency Health care Medical equipment Nonorthogonal multiple access Performance enhancement Power control Sensors Sequences Signal quality Topology Uplinking
Title	Joint Throughput Equalization Power Control and Cell-Free Model for Enhancing Performance of WBANs
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