Exploring residential minimum night consumption in a real water distribution network based on smart-meter data

An accurate estimation of leakages in water distribution networks is of primary importance for the definition of strategies aimed at ensuring an efficient management of water resources and avoiding water waste. However, in the case of methods based on water balance—such as the Minimum Night Flow met...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Discover water Vol. 4; no. 1; pp. 88 - 14
Main Authors:	Alassio, Samuele, Marsili, Valentina, Mazzoni, Filippo, Alvisi, Stefano
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Cham Springer International Publishing 22.10.2024 Springer Nature B.V Springer
Subjects:	Aquatic Pollution Case studies Coastal Sciences Drinking water Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Estimates Hourly water-consumption data Hydrogeology Leakage assessment Marine & Freshwater Sciences Methods Minimum night consumption Monitoring Oceanography Residential users Sociodemographics Waste Water Technology Water distribution networks Water Management Water Pollution Control Water utilities United Kingdom > UK Water distribution networks Hourly water-consumption data Residential users Leakage assessment Minimum night consumption Monitoring
ISSN:	2730-647X, 2730-647X
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Abstract	An accurate estimation of leakages in water distribution networks is of primary importance for the definition of strategies aimed at ensuring an efficient management of water resources and avoiding water waste. However, in the case of methods based on water balance—such as the Minimum Night Flow method—inaccurate assessment of the minimum night consumption (MNC), e.g. the assumption of fixed MNC values from the literature, can heavily mislead the quantification of leakage level. This study aims at providing insights into the variability of MNC and the related drivers. In greater detail, hourly water consumption data of approximately 200 users are collected over a period of two years and subjected to a multi-phase methodology to obtain a detailed characterization of MNC, with and without considering the users affected by post-meter leakages. The study demonstrates that factors such as seasonality or the presence of post-meter leakages may strongly impact the MNC—the values of which can significantly deviate from the literature references—and thus lead to significant misestimation of network leakages in water systems. Graphical Abstract Highlights A methodology for the statistical analysis of minimum night consumption (MNC) based on the daily water-consumption profiles at the user level is proposed. The methodology is applied to hourly-resolution water-consumption data collected over two years in a sample of over 200 users. Occupancy rate, seasonality, and presence of post-meter leakages affect MNC statistics.
AbstractList	Abstract An accurate estimation of leakages in water distribution networks is of primary importance for the definition of strategies aimed at ensuring an efficient management of water resources and avoiding water waste. However, in the case of methods based on water balance—such as the Minimum Night Flow method—inaccurate assessment of the minimum night consumption (MNC), e.g. the assumption of fixed MNC values from the literature, can heavily mislead the quantification of leakage level. This study aims at providing insights into the variability of MNC and the related drivers. In greater detail, hourly water consumption data of approximately 200 users are collected over a period of two years and subjected to a multi-phase methodology to obtain a detailed characterization of MNC, with and without considering the users affected by post-meter leakages. The study demonstrates that factors such as seasonality or the presence of post-meter leakages may strongly impact the MNC—the values of which can significantly deviate from the literature references—and thus lead to significant misestimation of network leakages in water systems. Graphical Abstract An accurate estimation of leakages in water distribution networks is of primary importance for the definition of strategies aimed at ensuring an efficient management of water resources and avoiding water waste. However, in the case of methods based on water balance—such as the Minimum Night Flow method—inaccurate assessment of the minimum night consumption (MNC), e.g. the assumption of fixed MNC values from the literature, can heavily mislead the quantification of leakage level. This study aims at providing insights into the variability of MNC and the related drivers. In greater detail, hourly water consumption data of approximately 200 users are collected over a period of two years and subjected to a multi-phase methodology to obtain a detailed characterization of MNC, with and without considering the users affected by post-meter leakages. The study demonstrates that factors such as seasonality or the presence of post-meter leakages may strongly impact the MNC—the values of which can significantly deviate from the literature references—and thus lead to significant misestimation of network leakages in water systems.HighlightsA methodology for the statistical analysis of minimum night consumption (MNC) based on the daily water-consumption profiles at the user level is proposed.The methodology is applied to hourly-resolution water-consumption data collected over two years in a sample of over 200 users.Occupancy rate, seasonality, and presence of post-meter leakages affect MNC statistics. An accurate estimation of leakages in water distribution networks is of primary importance for the definition of strategies aimed at ensuring an efficient management of water resources and avoiding water waste. However, in the case of methods based on water balance—such as the Minimum Night Flow method—inaccurate assessment of the minimum night consumption (MNC), e.g. the assumption of fixed MNC values from the literature, can heavily mislead the quantification of leakage level. This study aims at providing insights into the variability of MNC and the related drivers. In greater detail, hourly water consumption data of approximately 200 users are collected over a period of two years and subjected to a multi-phase methodology to obtain a detailed characterization of MNC, with and without considering the users affected by post-meter leakages. The study demonstrates that factors such as seasonality or the presence of post-meter leakages may strongly impact the MNC—the values of which can significantly deviate from the literature references—and thus lead to significant misestimation of network leakages in water systems. Graphical Abstract Highlights A methodology for the statistical analysis of minimum night consumption (MNC) based on the daily water-consumption profiles at the user level is proposed. The methodology is applied to hourly-resolution water-consumption data collected over two years in a sample of over 200 users. Occupancy rate, seasonality, and presence of post-meter leakages affect MNC statistics.
ArticleNumber	88
Author	Mazzoni, Filippo Alvisi, Stefano Alassio, Samuele Marsili, Valentina
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Samuele surname: Alassio fullname: Alassio, Samuele organization: Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara – sequence: 2 givenname: Valentina surname: Marsili fullname: Marsili, Valentina organization: Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara – sequence: 3 givenname: Filippo surname: Mazzoni fullname: Mazzoni, Filippo email: filippo.mazzoni@unife.it organization: Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara – sequence: 4 givenname: Stefano surname: Alvisi fullname: Alvisi, Stefano organization: Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara
BookMark	eNp9kU9vFSEUxUnTJq1tv4ArEtejl3_DsDRN1SZNutHEHWEYePJ8AyMwqX57eW-MdeUKcjnn3EN-r9B5TNEh9JrAWwIg3xXOBkY7oLwDIAI6cYauqGTQ9Vx-Pf_nfoluS9kDAJWKgxRXKN7_XA4ph7jD2ZUwuViDOeA5xDCvM45h961im2JZ56WGFHGI2DRp0zyb6jKeQqk5jOvpMbr6nPJ3PJriJtwGZTa5drM7KU01N-jCm0Nxt3_Oa_Tlw_3nu0_d49PHh7v3j52lVIjO92IURrKBjN54OijHmSe9HUj7qVVOTL2lStLJSGoJENVT4d0ombTOGRDsGj1suVMye73k0Hr80skEfRqkvNOtWLAHp5lUlBOYzDBN3DM5eqUG7p3lhlCQqmW92bKWnH6srlS9T2uOrb5mhCgmCLDjRrqpbE6lZOf_biWgj5j0hkk3TPqESR9NbDOV5YjA5Zfo_7h-A8R9l-w
Cites_doi	10.3390/w14172741 10.1007/s00477-021-02042-9(0123456789 10.3390/w13050643 10.3390/s20174712 10.1061/JWRMD5.WRENG-6001 10.2166/ws.2014.131 10.1061/JWRMD5.WRENG-6037 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.07.012 10.2166/aqua.2023.276 10.1038/s41545-018-0012-z 10.3390/w11030405 10.1007/s11269-012-0247-2 10.2166/wpt.2018.005 10.1038/s41545-019-0045-y 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000784 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119500 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001503 10.1016/j.scs.2022.104090 10.3390/app12136467 10.1016/j.scs.2016.03.004 10.1007/s11269-017-1780-9 10.1038/s41545-019-0047-9 10.1016/j.jsv.2003.08.045
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	The Author(s) 2024 The Author(s) 2024. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright_xml	– notice: The Author(s) 2024 – notice: The Author(s) 2024. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
DBID	C6C AAYXX CITATION ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR CCPQU DWQXO PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PKEHL PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS DOA
DOI	10.1007/s43832-024-00150-5
DatabaseName	Springer Nature OA/Free Journals CrossRef ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central Korea ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central Korea ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New)
DatabaseTitleList	Publicly Available Content Database
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: PIMPY name: Publicly Available Content Database url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Geography Oceanography
EISSN	2730-647X
EndPage	14
ExternalDocumentID	oai_doaj_org_article_3792410da8dd4f37bf9984fec4a12079 10_1007_s43832_024_00150_5
GeographicLocations	United Kingdom--UK
GeographicLocations_xml	– name: United Kingdom--UK
GroupedDBID	0R~ AAJSJ AAKKN ABEEZ ACACY ACULB ACVER AFGXO AFKRA AFPKN ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS BENPR C24 C6C CCPQU EBLON EDH GROUPED_DOAJ M~E OK1 PIMPY RSV SOJ AAFWJ AASML AAYXX AFFHD BANNL CITATION PHGZM PHGZT ABUWG AZQEC DWQXO PKEHL PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c2255-f65b5a7381bfaf289e43f16c81383c9e5d6c2972da72c1019625feb737ceea053
IEDL.DBID	BENPR
ISSN	2730-647X
IngestDate	Tue Oct 14 19:07:34 EDT 2025 Wed Oct 08 14:21:53 EDT 2025 Sat Nov 29 01:54:08 EST 2025 Fri Feb 21 02:37:48 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess	true
IsOpenAccess	true
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	1
Keywords	Water distribution networks Hourly water-consumption data Residential users Leakage assessment Minimum night consumption Monitoring
Language	English
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c2255-f65b5a7381bfaf289e43f16c81383c9e5d6c2972da72c1019625feb737ceea053
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14
OpenAccessLink	https://www.proquest.com/docview/3119351035?pq-origsite=%requestingapplication%
PQID	3119351035
PQPubID	5642913
PageCount	14
ParticipantIDs	doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_3792410da8dd4f37bf9984fec4a12079 proquest_journals_3119351035 crossref_primary_10_1007_s43832_024_00150_5 springer_journals_10_1007_s43832_024_00150_5
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	20241022
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2024-10-22
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 10 year: 2024 text: 20241022 day: 22
PublicationDecade	2020
PublicationPlace	Cham
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: Cham
PublicationTitle	Discover water
PublicationTitleAbbrev	Discov Water
PublicationYear	2024
Publisher	Springer International Publishing Springer Nature B.V Springer
Publisher_xml	– name: Springer International Publishing – name: Springer Nature B.V – name: Springer
References	Hope, Ballon (CR2) 2019; 2 Amoatey, Minke, Steinmetz (CR17) 2018; 13 CR19 Mazzoni, Alvisi, Blokker, Buchberger, Castelletti, Cominola, Gross, Jacobs, Mayer, Steffelbauer, Stillwell, Tzatchkov, Yamanaka, Franchini (CR34) 2023; 230 Wan, Farmani, Keedwell (CR10) 2023; 149 CR16 CR14 CR13 CR12 Lee, Lee, Lee (CR22) 2022; 12 CR11 Luciani, Casellato, Alvisi, Franchini (CR31) 2019; 11 Gao, Brennan, Joseph, Muggleton, Hunaidi (CR6) 2004; 277 Jeandron, Cumming, Kapepula, Cousens (CR1) 2019; 2 Marzola, Mazzoni, Alvisi, Franchini (CR8) 2022; 148 Straus, Chang, Hong (CR3) 2016; 23 Daniel, Marks, Pande, Rietveld (CR4) 2018; 1 Berglund, Areti, Brill, Mahinthakumar (CR7) 2017; 143 Farah, Shahrour (CR20) 2017; 31 Serafeim, Kokosalakis, Deidda, Karathanasi, Langousis (CR23) 2022; 36 Slaný, Lucanský, Koudelka, Marecek, Krcálová, Martínek (CR21) 2020; 20 Alkasseh, Adlan, Abustan, Aziz, Hanif (CR24) 2013; 27 Meniconi, Maietta, Alvisi, Capponi, Marsili, Franchini, Brunone (CR33) 2022; 14 Makaya (CR25) 2017; 5 CR29 CR28 CR27 CR26 Boatwright, Mounce, Romano, Boxall (CR15) 2023; 149 Cominola, Giuliani, Piga, Castelletti, Rizzoli (CR30) 2015; 72 Li, Huang, Xin, Tao (CR9) 2015; 15 Marsili, Mazzoni, Alvisi, Maietta, Capponi, Meniconi, Brunone, Franchini (CR32) 2023; 72 Zanfei, Menapace, Brentan, Righetti, Herrera (CR5) 2022; 86 Marzola, Alvisi, Franchini (CR18) 2021; 13 150_CR26 A Berglund (150_CR7) 2017; 143 150_CR27 V Marsili (150_CR32) 2023; 72 JMA Alkasseh (150_CR24) 2013; 27 S Meniconi (150_CR33) 2022; 14 S Boatwright (150_CR15) 2023; 149 150_CR28 150_CR29 E Farah (150_CR20) 2017; 31 SS Lee (150_CR22) 2022; 12 R Li (150_CR9) 2015; 15 150_CR16 150_CR13 I Marzola (150_CR18) 2021; 13 150_CR14 I Marzola (150_CR8) 2022; 148 150_CR11 E Makaya (150_CR25) 2017; 5 150_CR12 D Daniel (150_CR4) 2018; 1 150_CR19 AV Serafeim (150_CR23) 2022; 36 F Mazzoni (150_CR34) 2023; 230 R Hope (150_CR2) 2019; 2 C Luciani (150_CR31) 2019; 11 X Wan (150_CR10) 2023; 149 A Zanfei (150_CR5) 2022; 86 A Cominola (150_CR30) 2015; 72 V Slaný (150_CR21) 2020; 20 PK Amoatey (150_CR17) 2018; 13 A Jeandron (150_CR1) 2019; 2 J Straus (150_CR3) 2016; 23 Y Gao (150_CR6) 2004; 277
References_xml	– volume: 14 start-page: 2741 issue: 17 year: 2022 ident: CR33 article-title: A quick survey of the most vulnerable areas of a water distribution network due to transients generated in a service line: a lagrangian model based on laboratory tests publication-title: Water doi: 10.3390/w14172741 – volume: 36 start-page: 643 year: 2022 end-page: 660 ident: CR23 article-title: Probabilistic estimation of minimum night flow in water distribution networks: large-scale application to the city of Patras in western Greece publication-title: Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess. doi: 10.1007/s00477-021-02042-9(0123456789 – ident: CR14 – ident: CR16 – ident: CR12 – volume: 13 start-page: 643 issue: 5 year: 2021 ident: CR18 article-title: Analysis of MNF and FAVAD models for leakage characterization by exploiting smart-metered data: the case of the Gorino Ferrarese (FE-Italy) District publication-title: Water doi: 10.3390/w13050643 – volume: 20 start-page: 4712 issue: 17 year: 2020 ident: CR21 article-title: An integrated IoT architecture for smart metering using next generation sensor for water management based on LoRaWAN technology: a pilot study publication-title: Sensors doi: 10.3390/s20174712 – volume: 149 start-page: 04023035 issue: 8 year: 2023 ident: CR10 article-title: Gradual leak detection in water distribution networks based on multistep forecasting strategy publication-title: J Water Resour Plan Manage. doi: 10.1061/JWRMD5.WRENG-6001 – ident: CR29 – volume: 15 start-page: 429 issue: 3 year: 2015 end-page: 441 ident: CR9 article-title: A review of methods for burst/leakage detection and location in water distribution systems publication-title: Water Sci Technol Water Supply doi: 10.2166/ws.2014.131 – volume: 149 start-page: 04017042 issue: 8 year: 2023 ident: CR15 article-title: Integrated sensor placement and leak localization using geospatial genetic algorithms publication-title: J Water Resour Plann Manage doi: 10.1061/JWRMD5.WRENG-6037 – ident: CR27 – volume: 72 start-page: 198 year: 2015 end-page: 214 ident: CR30 article-title: Benefits and challenges of using smart meters for advancing residential water demand modeling and management: a review publication-title: Environ Model Softw doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.07.012 – volume: 72 start-page: 2331 issue: 12 year: 2023 end-page: 2346 ident: CR32 article-title: Investigation of pressure transients induced on a real water service line by user’s activity publication-title: AQUA-UK doi: 10.2166/aqua.2023.276 – volume: 1 start-page: 12 year: 2018 ident: CR4 article-title: Socio-environmental drivers of sustainable adoption of household water treatment in developing countries publication-title: NPJ Clean Water doi: 10.1038/s41545-018-0012-z – volume: 11 start-page: 405 issue: 3 year: 2019 ident: CR31 article-title: Green Smart Technology for Water (GST4Water): water loss identification at user level by using smart metering systems publication-title: Water doi: 10.3390/w11030405 – volume: 27 start-page: 1439 year: 2013 end-page: 1455 ident: CR24 article-title: Applying minimum night flow to estimate water loss using statistical modeling: a case study in kinta valley publication-title: Malaysia Water Resour Manage doi: 10.1007/s11269-012-0247-2 – ident: CR19 – volume: 13 start-page: 96 issue: 1 year: 2018 end-page: 105 ident: CR17 article-title: Leakage estimation in developing country water networks based on water balance, minimum night flow and component analysis methods publication-title: Water Pract Technol doi: 10.2166/wpt.2018.005 – volume: 5 start-page: 1 issue: 1 year: 2017 end-page: 4 ident: CR25 article-title: Predictive leakage estimation using the cumulative minimum night flow approach publication-title: Am J Water Resour – volume: 2 start-page: 21 year: 2019 ident: CR2 article-title: Global water policy and local payment choices in rural Africa publication-title: NPJ Clean Water doi: 10.1038/s41545-019-0045-y – ident: CR13 – ident: CR11 – volume: 143 start-page: 04017042 issue: 8 year: 2017 ident: CR7 article-title: Successive linear approximation methods for leak detection in water distribution systems publication-title: J Water Resour Plan Manage doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000784 – volume: 230 start-page: 119500 year: 2023 ident: CR34 article-title: Investigating the characteristics of residential end uses of water: a worldwide review publication-title: Water Res doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119500 – volume: 148 start-page: 04021096 issue: 1 year: 2022 ident: CR8 article-title: Leakage detection and localization in a water distribution network through comparison of observed and simulated pressure data publication-title: J Water Resour Plan Manage doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001503 – volume: 86 start-page: 104090 year: 2022 ident: CR5 article-title: Novel approach for burst detection in water distribution systems based on graph neural networks publication-title: Sustain. Cities Soc. doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2022.104090 – volume: 12 start-page: 6467 issue: 13 year: 2022 ident: CR22 article-title: Prediction of minimum night flow for enhancing leakage detection capabilities in water distribution networks publication-title: Appl. Sci. doi: 10.3390/app12136467 – ident: CR28 – ident: CR26 – volume: 23 start-page: 68 year: 2016 end-page: 77 ident: CR3 article-title: An exploratory path analysis of attitudes, behaviors and summer water consumption in the Portland Metropolitan Area publication-title: Sustain Cities Soc doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2016.03.004 – volume: 31 start-page: 4821 year: 2017 end-page: 4833 ident: CR20 article-title: Leakage detection using smart water system: combination of water balance and automated minimum night flow publication-title: Water Resour Manage doi: 10.1007/s11269-017-1780-9 – volume: 2 start-page: 23 year: 2019 ident: CR1 article-title: Predicting quality and quantity of water used by urban households based on tap water service publication-title: NPJ Clean Water doi: 10.1038/s41545-019-0047-9 – volume: 277 start-page: 133 issue: 1–2 year: 2004 end-page: 148 ident: CR6 article-title: A model of the correlation function of leak noise in buried plastic pipes publication-title: J Sound Vib doi: 10.1016/j.jsv.2003.08.045 – volume: 11 start-page: 405 issue: 3 year: 2019 ident: 150_CR31 publication-title: Water doi: 10.3390/w11030405 – ident: 150_CR16 – ident: 150_CR12 – volume: 2 start-page: 21 year: 2019 ident: 150_CR2 publication-title: NPJ Clean Water doi: 10.1038/s41545-019-0045-y – ident: 150_CR14 – volume: 5 start-page: 1 issue: 1 year: 2017 ident: 150_CR25 publication-title: Am J Water Resour – volume: 36 start-page: 643 year: 2022 ident: 150_CR23 publication-title: Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess. doi: 10.1007/s00477-021-02042-9(0123456789 – volume: 86 start-page: 104090 year: 2022 ident: 150_CR5 publication-title: Sustain. Cities Soc. doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2022.104090 – volume: 13 start-page: 96 issue: 1 year: 2018 ident: 150_CR17 publication-title: Water Pract Technol doi: 10.2166/wpt.2018.005 – volume: 27 start-page: 1439 year: 2013 ident: 150_CR24 publication-title: Malaysia Water Resour Manage doi: 10.1007/s11269-012-0247-2 – ident: 150_CR26 – volume: 23 start-page: 68 year: 2016 ident: 150_CR3 publication-title: Sustain Cities Soc doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2016.03.004 – volume: 149 start-page: 04023035 issue: 8 year: 2023 ident: 150_CR10 publication-title: J Water Resour Plan Manage. doi: 10.1061/JWRMD5.WRENG-6001 – volume: 149 start-page: 04017042 issue: 8 year: 2023 ident: 150_CR15 publication-title: J Water Resour Plann Manage doi: 10.1061/JWRMD5.WRENG-6037 – ident: 150_CR28 – volume: 143 start-page: 04017042 issue: 8 year: 2017 ident: 150_CR7 publication-title: J Water Resour Plan Manage doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000784 – volume: 1 start-page: 12 year: 2018 ident: 150_CR4 publication-title: NPJ Clean Water doi: 10.1038/s41545-018-0012-z – volume: 72 start-page: 2331 issue: 12 year: 2023 ident: 150_CR32 publication-title: AQUA-UK doi: 10.2166/aqua.2023.276 – volume: 12 start-page: 6467 issue: 13 year: 2022 ident: 150_CR22 publication-title: Appl. Sci. doi: 10.3390/app12136467 – volume: 13 start-page: 643 issue: 5 year: 2021 ident: 150_CR18 publication-title: Water doi: 10.3390/w13050643 – ident: 150_CR19 – volume: 20 start-page: 4712 issue: 17 year: 2020 ident: 150_CR21 publication-title: Sensors doi: 10.3390/s20174712 – ident: 150_CR11 – ident: 150_CR13 – volume: 72 start-page: 198 year: 2015 ident: 150_CR30 publication-title: Environ Model Softw doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.07.012 – volume: 31 start-page: 4821 year: 2017 ident: 150_CR20 publication-title: Water Resour Manage doi: 10.1007/s11269-017-1780-9 – volume: 148 start-page: 04021096 issue: 1 year: 2022 ident: 150_CR8 publication-title: J Water Resour Plan Manage doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001503 – volume: 2 start-page: 23 year: 2019 ident: 150_CR1 publication-title: NPJ Clean Water doi: 10.1038/s41545-019-0047-9 – ident: 150_CR27 – volume: 277 start-page: 133 issue: 1–2 year: 2004 ident: 150_CR6 publication-title: J Sound Vib doi: 10.1016/j.jsv.2003.08.045 – volume: 14 start-page: 2741 issue: 17 year: 2022 ident: 150_CR33 publication-title: Water doi: 10.3390/w14172741 – volume: 15 start-page: 429 issue: 3 year: 2015 ident: 150_CR9 publication-title: Water Sci Technol Water Supply doi: 10.2166/ws.2014.131 – ident: 150_CR29 – volume: 230 start-page: 119500 year: 2023 ident: 150_CR34 publication-title: Water Res doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119500
SSID	ssj0002794075
Score	2.2718613
Snippet	An accurate estimation of leakages in water distribution networks is of primary importance for the definition of strategies aimed at ensuring an efficient... Abstract An accurate estimation of leakages in water distribution networks is of primary importance for the definition of strategies aimed at ensuring an...
SourceID	doaj proquest crossref springer
SourceType	Open Website Aggregation Database Index Database Publisher
StartPage	88
SubjectTerms	Aquatic Pollution Case studies Coastal Sciences Drinking water Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Estimates Hourly water-consumption data Hydrogeology Leakage assessment Marine & Freshwater Sciences Methods Minimum night consumption Monitoring Oceanography Residential users Sociodemographics Waste Water Technology Water distribution networks Water Management Water Pollution Control Water utilities
SummonAdditionalLinks	– databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1LS8QwEA4igl7EJ66ukoM3DTZp07RHFRdPiweFvYU0yeAKW2Ufiv_eSdpddwXx4jWd0vBNpjNDZr4h5NwogBTRZ8qAYplKJCuhzBgHPD4Y0UkpIQ6bUP1-MRiUD0ujvkJNWEMP3AB3lSrMEHjiTOFcBqmqABOEDLzNDBeJiq17GPUsJVMv8TqtxExFtl0ysVcucHIKhi6JRVo9Jlc8USTsX4kyf1yMRn_T2yHbbaBIr5sN7pI1X--RzXZm-fPnPqkX5XMUU-ZhbLjFFwJXyGg2opEhhNrYYRl_C3RYU4OiKPOBAeaYusCZ2467onVTDk6DV3MUFyYjxIaNfJQ0U3NAnnp3j7f3rJ2ewCzaqGSQy0oahR65AgOYV_ksBZ7bgiMQtvTS5VaUSjijhOWBJkdI8JVKFfpNg7Z5SNbr19ofEWpFLpRC03cGDd7YAsoCXFUl4GTluOuQizmS-q0hydALOuSIu0bcdcRdyw65CWAvJAPBdVxAtetW7fovtXdId64q3VrdRKccw9FAEYjfuJyr7_vx71s6_o8tnZAtEY4XOjYhumR9Op75U7Jh36fDyfgsns8vfJjn6g priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – databaseName: Springer Journals Complete - Open Access dbid: C24 link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3NTxQxFH9BMJGYIKKEBTQ9cMMm2850Oz0qgXBaPGiyt6bT9uma7GB2Fwz_Pa_dzhIMHuQ4nddM532_tO9XgBOnESviPtcONa_1UHGDpuYCSX0oo1NKYb5sQo_HzWRivpamsEV_2r3fksyeet3slkA1JaeYwjMuHlcvYEuJxiS9Pis9Dr_yVpqhKkWVDpmnpz6KQhms_1GG-demaI41F2-et8pd2Cm5Jfu8Uoa3sBG7PXhVrjn_ebcHr698dF15fAfd-gAeo6J7mlt2aX5CG5ndzFjGGGE-92hmx8KmHXNESjR_KEWds5BQd8uFWaxbHShnKS4GRgOLGakln8VM6ZbuPXy_OP92dsnL_Qvck5UrjiPVKqcpprfokCqzWFcoRr4R9I_eRBVGXhotg9PSiwS0IxXGVleaIq8j696Hze66iwfAvBxJrcl5BEcuw_kGTYOhbYcYVBtEGMBpLw_7ewWzYdeAypmlllhqM0utGsCXJLI1ZYLIzgPX8x-2WJytNJWWYhhcE0KNlW6RKssao6-dkENtBnDcC9wWu13YSlBCm0AG6RufegE_vP73kg7_j_wItmXSEQqCUh7D5nJ-Ez_AS3-7nC7mH7M-3wPN5fB4 priority: 102 providerName: Springer Nature
Title	Exploring residential minimum night consumption in a real water distribution network based on smart-meter data
URI	https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43832-024-00150-5 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3119351035 https://doaj.org/article/3792410da8dd4f37bf9984fec4a12079
Volume	4
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVAON databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2730-647X dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0002794075 issn: 2730-647X databaseCode: DOA dateStart: 20210101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/ providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – providerCode: PRVHPJ databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources customDbUrl: eissn: 2730-647X dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0002794075 issn: 2730-647X databaseCode: M~E dateStart: 20210101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org providerName: ISSN International Centre – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Central customDbUrl: eissn: 2730-647X dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0002794075 issn: 2730-647X databaseCode: BENPR dateStart: 20211201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Publicly Available Content Database customDbUrl: eissn: 2730-647X dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0002794075 issn: 2730-647X databaseCode: PIMPY dateStart: 20211201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVAVX databaseName: SpringerLink Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2730-647X dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0002794075 issn: 2730-647X databaseCode: C24 dateStart: 20211201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://link.springer.com/search?facet-content-type=%22Journal%22 providerName: Springer Nature
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV07b9swED4kToB2aZM-UCepwSFbS9SiRFOaithwkAwxjCAB3ImgSF3rwbLrR4v--xxp2oYDtEtX6iQQuveR9x3ApVGIKf19rgwqnqm25AUWGU-QxIciOiklhmETajDIR6NiGAtui3itcmMTg6F2U-tr5F_ShEIND_8mv85-cj81yp-uxhEah3DkkcqyBhx1-4Ph_bbKIkjcyCnGbpnQM-exOQUn18QDvB6Xex4pAPfvRZvPDkiD37l-_b87PoFXMeJkV2sROYWDqn4DL-Lw8x9_3kK9vYfHKPceh85desGDjkxWExagRpgNrZrBvrBxzQyREs1vilTnzHnw3Tg3i9Xre-XMu0fHaGExIenkkypQmqV5B4_X_YfeDY9jGLglZZccO7KURpFrL9EgJWhVlmLSsXlCf9IWlXQdKwolnFHCJh5vR0isSpUqcsCGlPw9NOppXX0AZkVHKEU2xBmyHMbmWOToyrKNTpYucU34tGGFnq3RNvQWVzkwThPjdGCclk3oem5tKT1SdliYzr_rqHg6VZRhJm1ncucyTFWJlGBmWNnMJKKtiiZcbLino_ou9I51Tfi84f_u8d-3dPbvr53DS-Elj3yfEBfQWM5X1Uc4tr-W48W8FYW3BYc9kbVCdYDWhrd3w29P_iT60A
linkProvider	ProQuest
linkToHtml	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Nb9QwEB1VW6RygfIlFgr1gZ6KReLE6-SAEKWtumq72kORysk4tgcqsdmS3VL1T_EbGXuTrVoJbj1wTawoiZ_fzPjjPYA3RiFm9Pe5Mqh4rhLJSyxzniLBhzI6KSVGswk1GhWnp-V4BX53Z2HCtsqOEyNRu6kNc-TvspRSjSD_Jj-c_-TBNSqsrnYWGgtYHPqrSyrZZu-Hu9S_W0Ls7518OuCtqwC3hF3JcSAraRRFqgoNUr3h8wzTgS1SKtZs6aUbWFEq4YwSNg3yMUKir1SmKJ6YJLhEEOWv5gT2oger4-Hx-MtyVkcQvCkIt6dz4hm9oAUqOIVCHuX8uLwRAaNRwI3s9taCbIxz-w__tz-0Dg_ajJp9XAyBR7Di68ew1pq7f796AvVynyFrfHAnrYnVfrAgqjK5mLAopcJsPIoa-ZOd1cxQU2pzSZl4w1wQF259wVi92DfPQvh3jC7MJjT6-MTHlmZunsLnO_ncZ9Crp7V_DsyKgVCKONIZYkZjCywLdFWVoJOVS10ftruu1-cLNRG91I2OQNEEFB2BomUfdgI6li2DEni8MG2-6ZZYdKaogk4TZwrncsxUhVRA5-htblKRqLIPGx1adEtPM30NlT687fB2ffvvr_Ti30_bhLWDk-MjfTQcHb6E-yKgnuK8EBvQmzcX_hXcs7_mZ7PmdTtwGHy9ayT-ARbiU54
linkToPdf	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Nb9QwEB1VLYJe-EYsFPABTmA1ceJ1ckAIKCtWhdUeQCon49geqNTNluyWqn-NX8fY62xVJLj1wDWxony8eTMT2-8BPDUKsaC3z5VBxUuVSV5jXfIcCT5U0UkpMZpNqMmkOjiopxvwq98LE5ZV9pwYidrNbfhHvlvkVGoE-Te5i2lZxHRv9Or4Bw8OUmGmtbfTWEFk35-dUvu2eDneo2_9TIjRu09v3_PkMMAt4VhyHMpGGkVZq0GD1Hv4ssB8aKucGjdbe-mGVtRKOKOEzYOUjJDoG1Uoyi0mC44RRP9bVJKXFGNb0_HH6Zf1Hx5BUKeEnHbqxP16QRdUcEqLPEr7cXkhG0bTgAuV7h-TszHnjW78z2_rJlxPlTZ7vQqNW7Dh29twLZm-fz-7A-16_SHrfHAtbYntjlgQW5mdzFiUWGE2blGNvMoOW2ZoKI05pQq9Yy6IDie_MNau1tOzUBY4RgcWM4pKPvNxpFmau_D5Uh73Hmy289bfB2bFUChF3OkMMaaxFdYVuqbJ0MnG5W4Az3sY6OOVyohe60lH0GgCjY6g0XIAbwJS1iODQng8MO--6UQ4ulDUWeeZM5VzJRaqQWqsS_S2NLnIVD2AnR45OtHWQp_DZgAveuydn_77LT3499WewFWCn_4wnuw_hG0RAoDSvxA7sLnsTvwjuGJ_Lg8X3eMUQwy-XjYQfwNUiFxe
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Exploring+residential+minimum+night+consumption+in+a+real+water+distribution+network+based+on+smart-meter+data&rft.jtitle=Discover+water&rft.au=Alassio%2C+Samuele&rft.au=Marsili%2C+Valentina&rft.au=Mazzoni%2C+Filippo&rft.au=Alvisi%2C+Stefano&rft.date=2024-10-22&rft.pub=Springer+Nature+B.V&rft.eissn=2730-647X&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=88&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs43832-024-00150-5&rft.externalDBID=HAS_PDF_LINK
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2730-647X&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2730-647X&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2730-647X&client=summon