Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Minimally Invasive and Complex Surgical Procedures: A Systematic Review
Robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) are transforming surgery by improving patient outcomes, efficiency, and precision. The use of robotics in surgery tackles important issues, including surgical precision, minimally invasive procedures, and healthcare accessibility, as global healthcare system...
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| Published in: | Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 17; no. 3; p. e81339 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer Nature B.V
28.03.2025
Cureus |
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| ISSN: | 2168-8184, 2168-8184 |
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| Abstract | Robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) are transforming surgery by improving patient outcomes, efficiency, and precision. The use of robotics in surgery tackles important issues, including surgical precision, minimally invasive procedures, and healthcare accessibility, as global healthcare systems embrace AI-driven technologies more and more. However, access gaps and ethical issues with automation continue to exist on a worldwide scale, calling for a fair discussion of these developments. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the most recent literature on the role of AI and robotics in minimally invasive and complex surgical procedures. The study was conducted as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We search for relevant studies across four different databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar). We also restricted our search to 2024 to capture the most recent advancement only. We found 393 relevant studies, of which only 12 were included in this study upon assessing them with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review ensures scientific rigor and openness by evaluating surgical specializations, AI technologies, and outcomes such as accuracy, recovery, and complications. The results show significant progress in AI-powered surgical systems, enhancing judgment, lowering surgical errors, and enabling individualized treatment plans. AI-enhanced visualization, real-time data processing, and automated robotic equipment are notable innovations that boost patient safety and procedure efficiency. The importance of these developments is emphasized throughout the discussion, especially with regard to developing minimally invasive procedures and increasing surgical capabilities for complex surgeries. However, obstacles to broad adoption are cited, including expenses, moral dilemmas, and the requirement for stringent training procedures. |
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| AbstractList | Robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) are transforming surgery by improving patient outcomes, efficiency, and precision. The use of robotics in surgery tackles important issues, including surgical precision, minimally invasive procedures, and healthcare accessibility, as global healthcare systems embrace AI-driven technologies more and more. However, access gaps and ethical issues with automation continue to exist on a worldwide scale, calling for a fair discussion of these developments. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the most recent literature on the role of AI and robotics in minimally invasive and complex surgical procedures. The study was conducted as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We search for relevant studies across four different databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar). We also restricted our search to 2024 to capture the most recent advancement only. We found 393 relevant studies, of which only 12 were included in this study upon assessing them with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review ensures scientific rigor and openness by evaluating surgical specializations, AI technologies, and outcomes such as accuracy, recovery, and complications. The results show significant progress in AI-powered surgical systems, enhancing judgment, lowering surgical errors, and enabling individualized treatment plans. AI-enhanced visualization, real-time data processing, and automated robotic equipment are notable innovations that boost patient safety and procedure efficiency. The importance of these developments is emphasized throughout the discussion, especially with regard to developing minimally invasive procedures and increasing surgical capabilities for complex surgeries. However, obstacles to broad adoption are cited, including expenses, moral dilemmas, and the requirement for stringent training procedures. Robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) are transforming surgery by improving patient outcomes, efficiency, and precision. The use of robotics in surgery tackles important issues, including surgical precision, minimally invasive procedures, and healthcare accessibility, as global healthcare systems embrace AI-driven technologies more and more. However, access gaps and ethical issues with automation continue to exist on a worldwide scale, calling for a fair discussion of these developments. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the most recent literature on the role of AI and robotics in minimally invasive and complex surgical procedures. The study was conducted as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We search for relevant studies across four different databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar). We also restricted our search to 2024 to capture the most recent advancement only. We found 393 relevant studies, of which only 12 were included in this study upon assessing them with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review ensures scientific rigor and openness by evaluating surgical specializations, AI technologies, and outcomes such as accuracy, recovery, and complications. The results show significant progress in AI-powered surgical systems, enhancing judgment, lowering surgical errors, and enabling individualized treatment plans. AI-enhanced visualization, real-time data processing, and automated robotic equipment are notable innovations that boost patient safety and procedure efficiency. The importance of these developments is emphasized throughout the discussion, especially with regard to developing minimally invasive procedures and increasing surgical capabilities for complex surgeries. However, obstacles to broad adoption are cited, including expenses, moral dilemmas, and the requirement for stringent training procedures. Robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) are transforming surgery by improving patient outcomes, efficiency, and precision. The use of robotics in surgery tackles important issues, including surgical precision, minimally invasive procedures, and healthcare accessibility, as global healthcare systems embrace AI-driven technologies more and more. However, access gaps and ethical issues with automation continue to exist on a worldwide scale, calling for a fair discussion of these developments. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the most recent literature on the role of AI and robotics in minimally invasive and complex surgical procedures. The study was conducted as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We search for relevant studies across four different databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar). We also restricted our search to 2024 to capture the most recent advancement only. We found 393 relevant studies, of which only 12 were included in this study upon assessing them with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review ensures scientific rigor and openness by evaluating surgical specializations, AI technologies, and outcomes such as accuracy, recovery, and complications. The results show significant progress in AI-powered surgical systems, enhancing judgment, lowering surgical errors, and enabling individualized treatment plans. AI-enhanced visualization, real-time data processing, and automated robotic equipment are notable innovations that boost patient safety and procedure efficiency. The importance of these developments is emphasized throughout the discussion, especially with regard to developing minimally invasive procedures and increasing surgical capabilities for complex surgeries. However, obstacles to broad adoption are cited, including expenses, moral dilemmas, and the requirement for stringent training procedures.Robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) are transforming surgery by improving patient outcomes, efficiency, and precision. The use of robotics in surgery tackles important issues, including surgical precision, minimally invasive procedures, and healthcare accessibility, as global healthcare systems embrace AI-driven technologies more and more. However, access gaps and ethical issues with automation continue to exist on a worldwide scale, calling for a fair discussion of these developments. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the most recent literature on the role of AI and robotics in minimally invasive and complex surgical procedures. The study was conducted as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We search for relevant studies across four different databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar). We also restricted our search to 2024 to capture the most recent advancement only. We found 393 relevant studies, of which only 12 were included in this study upon assessing them with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review ensures scientific rigor and openness by evaluating surgical specializations, AI technologies, and outcomes such as accuracy, recovery, and complications. The results show significant progress in AI-powered surgical systems, enhancing judgment, lowering surgical errors, and enabling individualized treatment plans. AI-enhanced visualization, real-time data processing, and automated robotic equipment are notable innovations that boost patient safety and procedure efficiency. The importance of these developments is emphasized throughout the discussion, especially with regard to developing minimally invasive procedures and increasing surgical capabilities for complex surgeries. However, obstacles to broad adoption are cited, including expenses, moral dilemmas, and the requirement for stringent training procedures. |
| Author | Abd Elfrag Mohamed, Nihal Ahmed Mubarak Ismail, Manasik M. ElMurtada Hassan Mukhtar, Mohamed Ahmed Babiker Ahmed, Ahmed Umballi Abdalla Osman, Eman Ibrahim Alamin Ibrahim, Ali Ahmed |
| AuthorAffiliation | 6 Surgery, Nile University, Khartoum, SDN 5 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Armed Forces Hospital, Wadi Al Dawasir, SAU 4 General Surgery, Najran Armed Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense Health Services, Najran, SAU 2 General Surgery, Pilgrim Hospital, Boston, GBR 3 Emergency Medicine, Najran Armed Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense Health Services, Najran, SAU 1 Surgery, Hafar Albatin Central Hospital, Hafar Al-Batin, SAU |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 General Surgery, Pilgrim Hospital, Boston, GBR – name: 1 Surgery, Hafar Albatin Central Hospital, Hafar Al-Batin, SAU – name: 5 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Armed Forces Hospital, Wadi Al Dawasir, SAU – name: 6 Surgery, Nile University, Khartoum, SDN – name: 4 General Surgery, Najran Armed Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense Health Services, Najran, SAU – name: 3 Emergency Medicine, Najran Armed Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense Health Services, Najran, SAU |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Eman Ibrahim surname: Abdalla Osman fullname: Abdalla Osman, Eman Ibrahim – sequence: 2 givenname: Manasik M. ElMurtada surname: Mubarak Ismail fullname: Mubarak Ismail, Manasik M. ElMurtada – sequence: 3 givenname: Mohamed Ahmed surname: Hassan Mukhtar fullname: Hassan Mukhtar, Mohamed Ahmed – sequence: 4 givenname: Ahmed Umballi surname: Babiker Ahmed fullname: Babiker Ahmed, Ahmed Umballi – sequence: 5 givenname: Nihal Ahmed surname: Abd Elfrag Mohamed fullname: Abd Elfrag Mohamed, Nihal Ahmed – sequence: 6 givenname: Ali Ahmed surname: Alamin Ibrahim fullname: Alamin Ibrahim, Ali Ahmed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.ucl.2023.06.005 10.21037/jmai-24-294 10.1016/j.surg.2024.02.005 10.1136/bmj.n71 10.4018/978-1-6684-7791-5.ch014 10.1007/s11701-024-02205-0 10.1007/s00464-023-10554-4 10.1038/s41591-024-02970-3 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.07.067 10.7759/cureus.47924 10.1097/MS9.0000000000002426 10.1093/bjs/znae248 10.60087/jaigs.v5i1.207 10.1002/jso.27616 10.20517/ais.2022.32 10.7759/cureus.49887 10.3390/cosmetics11040109 10.1016/j.oret.2024.01.018 10.1002/aisy.202300268 10.1002/ags3.12766 10.1515/ohe-2025-0059 10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2024.151390 |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2025, Abdalla Osman et al. Copyright © 2025, Abdalla Osman et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Copyright © 2025, Abdalla Osman et al. 2025 Abdalla Osman et al. |
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| Keywords | robotics surgical precision and efficiency complex surgeries minimally invasive surgery artificial intelligence |
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| SubjectTerms | Accuracy Algorithms Artificial intelligence Automation Back surgery Bias Clinical outcomes Decision making Deep learning Digital imaging Efficiency Gastrointestinal surgery General Surgery Laparoscopy Machine learning Neurosurgery Patient satisfaction Pediatrics Plastic surgery Reconstructive surgery Recovery (Medical) Robotic surgery Subject heading schemes Surgical outcomes Systematic review Urology |
| Title | Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Minimally Invasive and Complex Surgical Procedures: A Systematic Review |
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