Precoding for Multi-Cell ISAC: From Coordinated Beamforming to Coordinated Multipoint and Bi-Static Sensing

This paper proposes a framework for designing robust precoders for a multi-input single-output (MISO) system that performs integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) across multiple cells and users. We use Cramer-Rao-Bound (CRB) to measure the sensing performance and derive its expressions for two...

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Vydané v:IEEE transactions on wireless communications Ročník 23; číslo 10; s. 14637 - 14651
Hlavní autori: Babu, Nithin, Masouros, Christos, Papadias, Constantinos B., Eldar, Yonina C.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: New York IEEE 01.10.2024
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Predmet:
Array signal processing
Beamforming
CBF
Communication
CoMP
Convexity
Cramer-Rao bound
Cramer-Rao bounds
Interference
ISAC
Optimization
Parameter estimation
Parameter robustness
Performance degradation
precoder
Precoding
Reflection
Robustness
Signal to noise ratio
State estimation
Uncertainty
ISSN:1536-1276, 1558-2248
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Shrnutí:This paper proposes a framework for designing robust precoders for a multi-input single-output (MISO) system that performs integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) across multiple cells and users. We use Cramer-Rao-Bound (CRB) to measure the sensing performance and derive its expressions for two multi-cell scenarios, namely coordinated beamforming (CBF) and coordinated multi-point (CoMP). In the CBF scheme, a BS shares channel state information (CSI) and estimates target parameters using monostatic sensing. In contrast, a BS in the CoMP scheme shares the CSI and data, allowing bistatic sensing through inter-cell reflection. We consider both block-level (BL) and symbol-level (SL) precoding schemes for both the multi-cell scenarios that are robust to channel state estimation errors. The formulated optimization problems to minimize the CRB in estimating the parameters of a target and maximize the minimum communication signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR) while satisfying a given total transmit power budget are non-convex. We tackle the non-convexity using a combination of semidefinite relaxation (SDR) and alternating optimization (AO) techniques. Simulations suggest that neglecting the inter-cell reflection and communication links degrades the performance of an ISAC system. The CoMP scenario employing SL precoding performs the best, whereas the BL precoding applied in the CBF scenario produces relatively high estimation error for a given minimum SINR value.
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ISSN:1536-1276
1558-2248
DOI:10.1109/TWC.2024.3417713