A test of inference by exclusion in grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus): Replication of a parrot-child comparative study using additional avian subjects
Grey parrots have been shown to reason via inference by exclusion in various experiments, but so far only one bird has been shown to succeed on a four-cup task originally tested on young children, a purportedly stronger test of inference than experiments involving two cups. In the procedure with fou...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
United States
07.08.2025
|
| ISSN: | 1939-2087, 1939-2087 |
| Online-Zugang: | Weitere Angaben |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| Abstract | Grey parrots have been shown to reason via inference by exclusion in various experiments, but so far only one bird has been shown to succeed on a four-cup task originally tested on young children, a purportedly stronger test of inference than experiments involving two cups. In the procedure with four cups (two pairs: AB, CD), a reward is hidden in one cup of each pair-for example, B, C; then one cup-for example, A-is shown to be empty. Successful subjects should conclude that the reward is 100% likely in B, only 50% likely in C or D, and accordingly choose B, thereby demonstrating modal and logical concepts in addition to epistemic ones. Here we replicate the task with three other Grey parrots to demonstrate that the ability is not restricted to one individual with extensive experimental experience. Thus, several subjects are now available for further testing necessary to examine the extent to which Grey parrots understand inference by exclusion. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved). |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Grey parrots have been shown to reason via inference by exclusion in various experiments, but so far only one bird has been shown to succeed on a four-cup task originally tested on young children, a purportedly stronger test of inference than experiments involving two cups. In the procedure with four cups (two pairs: AB, CD), a reward is hidden in one cup of each pair-for example, B, C; then one cup-for example, A-is shown to be empty. Successful subjects should conclude that the reward is 100% likely in B, only 50% likely in C or D, and accordingly choose B, thereby demonstrating modal and logical concepts in addition to epistemic ones. Here we replicate the task with three other Grey parrots to demonstrate that the ability is not restricted to one individual with extensive experimental experience. Thus, several subjects are now available for further testing necessary to examine the extent to which Grey parrots understand inference by exclusion. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved). Grey parrots have been shown to reason via inference by exclusion in various experiments, but so far only one bird has been shown to succeed on a four-cup task originally tested on young children, a purportedly stronger test of inference than experiments involving two cups. In the procedure with four cups (two pairs: AB, CD), a reward is hidden in one cup of each pair-for example, B, C; then one cup-for example, A-is shown to be empty. Successful subjects should conclude that the reward is 100% likely in B, only 50% likely in C or D, and accordingly choose B, thereby demonstrating modal and logical concepts in addition to epistemic ones. Here we replicate the task with three other Grey parrots to demonstrate that the ability is not restricted to one individual with extensive experimental experience. Thus, several subjects are now available for further testing necessary to examine the extent to which Grey parrots understand inference by exclusion. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).Grey parrots have been shown to reason via inference by exclusion in various experiments, but so far only one bird has been shown to succeed on a four-cup task originally tested on young children, a purportedly stronger test of inference than experiments involving two cups. In the procedure with four cups (two pairs: AB, CD), a reward is hidden in one cup of each pair-for example, B, C; then one cup-for example, A-is shown to be empty. Successful subjects should conclude that the reward is 100% likely in B, only 50% likely in C or D, and accordingly choose B, thereby demonstrating modal and logical concepts in addition to epistemic ones. Here we replicate the task with three other Grey parrots to demonstrate that the ability is not restricted to one individual with extensive experimental experience. Thus, several subjects are now available for further testing necessary to examine the extent to which Grey parrots understand inference by exclusion. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved). |
| Author | Pepperberg, Irene M Hartsfield, Leigh Ann |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Irene M orcidid: 0000-0001-9486-7323 surname: Pepperberg fullname: Pepperberg, Irene M organization: Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University – sequence: 2 givenname: Leigh Ann orcidid: 0000-0002-2872-441X surname: Hartsfield fullname: Hartsfield, Leigh Ann organization: Phoenix Landing |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40773313$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNpNUMtKw0AUHUSxtXbjB8gs6yI6j7STuCvFFxQU0XWYx007kkxiZlLMl_i7TrGChwv3de7hcs7QsWscIHRByTUlXNzopiYRKRNHaExznieMZOL4Xz1CU--tIoTSnEWcolFKhOCc8jH6XuIAPuCmxNaV0IHTgNWA4UtXvbeNi2O86WDArey6Jng8e_E2BKl7j6GzYbuvrm7xK7SV1TLsT6KYPPATvbWVwfHL2MftDrAPvRlwFHcbLI2x-xNZYbmz0mHfqw_QwZ-jk1JWHqaHPEHv93dvq8dk_fzwtFquE81IGpK8zHIhQHMNc2EUlPkiZUpnAqShAMrQGDpXMmNcUlIuNM0YmLlRZC4JLdkEzX5126757KMTRW29hqqSDpreF5xxIRZpmvJIvTxQe1WDKdrO1rIbij8z2Q_cLXye |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| DBID | NPM 7X8 |
| DOI | 10.1037/com0000427 |
| DatabaseName | PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: 7X8 name: MEDLINE - Academic url: https://search.proquest.com/medline sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | no_fulltext_linktorsrc |
| EISSN | 1939-2087 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 40773313 |
| Genre | Journal Article |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: The Alex Foundation |
| GroupedDBID | NPM 7X8 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c204t-9f8977ec3ce57dbef9642bc87ead1eebd1bd1c9ba823a10f6c182ed5db05a01f2 |
| IEDL.DBID | 7X8 |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 0 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001545439700001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 1939-2087 |
| IngestDate | Fri Aug 08 22:16:46 EDT 2025 Fri Sep 26 01:53:05 EDT 2025 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c204t-9f8977ec3ce57dbef9642bc87ead1eebd1bd1c9ba823a10f6c182ed5db05a01f2 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2872-441X 0000-0001-9486-7323 |
| PMID | 40773313 |
| PQID | 3237764443 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_3237764443 pubmed_primary_40773313 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2025-Aug-07 20250807 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2025-08-07 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 08 year: 2025 text: 2025-Aug-07 day: 07 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | United States |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: United States |
| PublicationTitle | Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | J Comp Psychol |
| PublicationYear | 2025 |
| SSID | ssib001192222 |
| Score | 2.4295156 |
| SecondaryResourceType | online_first |
| Snippet | Grey parrots have been shown to reason via inference by exclusion in various experiments, but so far only one bird has been shown to succeed on a four-cup task... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database |
| Title | A test of inference by exclusion in grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus): Replication of a parrot-child comparative study using additional avian subjects |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40773313 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3237764443 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos001545439700001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1bS8MwFA7qfPDFC97mjSP4oA_BtGmX1BcZ4vBBxx5U9jaSNNGBbNN2w_0S_64nvTBfBEEopYQ2lPRr8p3vnJxDyJlX8h0XhmqtFY2MiWgiYkO5ajEZaRuoIgPf873odmW_n_QqwS2rwirrObGYqNOx8Rr5JQ-5ELh4R_x68k591SjvXa1KaCyTBkcq41Et-j-8QEhfSkcC0pQEASFFnaGUi0vsvWDIofidXRarTGfjv--3SdYrfgntEhBbZMmOtslXG5BR5jB2MKw3-IGeg_00b1Mvl2EzoOE9h4nPyZhncN7DfnNlphkgRPNXf3VxBUjXa5HPd6aq-2mxJRzMIpM4FGlrwUfVv4CPWSolR1AzhCNkU-3ln2yHPHVuH2_uaFWRgZqQRTlNnES-aA03Nhapti5B80UbKRCPgbU6DfAwiVYy5CpgrmXQfLFpnGoWKxa4cJesjMYju0-AMS1dS0lsxEnEMe2kjDUXLLQqCAxvktN6nAeIeO_GUCM7nmaDxUg3yV75sQaTMjXHAM1TX4SSH_zh6UOyFvpivj7-QxyRhsP_3R6TVTPLh9nHSQElPHd7D9-qt9h4 |
| linkProvider | ProQuest |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+test+of+inference+by+exclusion+in+grey+parrots+%28Psittacus+erithacus%29%3A+Replication+of+a+parrot-child+comparative+study+using+additional+avian+subjects&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+comparative+psychology+%28Washington%2C+D.C.+%3A+1983%29&rft.au=Pepperberg%2C+Irene+M&rft.au=Hartsfield%2C+Leigh+Ann&rft.date=2025-08-07&rft.eissn=1939-2087&rft_id=info:doi/10.1037%2Fcom0000427&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F40773313&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F40773313&rft.externalDocID=40773313 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1939-2087&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1939-2087&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1939-2087&client=summon |