Evaluation of LSTM for predicting grip strength using electromyography: a comparison of setups and methods

Despite decades of research in prosthetics and myocontrol, using electromyography (EMG) to accurately predict the force a user grasps an object with is still a subject of investigation. Although the problem seems trivial, the optimal EMG setup, able to deliver high prediction accuracy at a minimal e...

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Vydané v:	Neural computing & applications Ročník 37; číslo 21; s. 16461 - 16485
Hlavní autori:	Anam, Khairul, Sudrajat, Ahmad, Rizal, Naufal Ainur, Intyanto, Gramandha Wega, Muldayani, Wahyu, Negara, Mohamad Agung Prawira, Sumardi, Bukhori, Saiful, Gitakarma, Made Santo, Castellini, Claudio
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	London Springer London 01.07.2025 Springer Nature B.V
Predmet:	Accuracy Artificial Intelligence Computational Biology/Bioinformatics Computational Science and Engineering Computer Science Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Deep learning Electromyography Grip strength Image Processing and Computer Vision Methods Muscle function Neural networks Original Article Pattern recognition systems Probability and Statistics in Computer Science Prostheses Real time Regression analysis Sensors Support vector machines Time series Stacked autoencoder Attention mechanism LSTM Grip strength prediction
ISSN:	0941-0643, 1433-3058
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Popis
Shrnutí:	Despite decades of research in prosthetics and myocontrol, using electromyography (EMG) to accurately predict the force a user grasps an object with is still a subject of investigation. Although the problem seems trivial, the optimal EMG setup, able to deliver high prediction accuracy at a minimal economic and computational cost needs to be found. In this work, we compare several EMG setups consisting of one to eight sensors and deep learning methods to find out which combination is most convenient. In particular, we compare long short-term memory (LSTM), together with a stacked autoencoder (LSTM–SAE) and an attention mechanism (LSTMATT). Our experimental results reveal that, while the best performance is attained by LSTM–SAE (coefficient of correlation 0.9867 ± 0.0087 , coefficient of determination 0.9676 ± 0.0489 , normalized root mean square error 0.048 ± 0.0213 ), statistically significant differences can only be found when the number of sensors is drastically reduced, namely to 2 sensors, in which case, anyway, the performance is still close to optimal and even surpasses state-of-the-art methods. Further research will focus on testing the optimal approach and setup online on amputated users using prosthetic hardware in daily living activities.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14
ISSN:	0941-0643 1433-3058
DOI:	10.1007/s00521-025-11337-9