The European Charter for Sustainable Tourism (ECST) as a Tool for Development in Rural Areas: The Case of Vesuvius National Park (Italy)

The study investigates how agriculture can serve as a driver of sustainable tourism and local development within the Vesuvius National Park under the European Charter for Sustainable Tourism (ECST) framework. Based on 14 semi-structured interviews with farmers, tourism operators, cultural institutio...

Celý popis

Uložené v:

Podrobná bibliografia
Vydané v:	Agriculture (Basel) Ročník 15; číslo 22; s. 2322
Hlavní autori:	Monaco, Salvatore, Freire Varela, Antón, Guarino, Guido, Corbisiero, Fabio
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Basel MDPI AG 07.11.2025
Predmet:	agricultural heritage Agriculture Agritourism Biodiversity climate-resilient farming Collaboration Cultural heritage National parks natural protected areas Protected areas Qualitative research Resilience Rural areas Rural development Sustainability Sustainable tourism Tourism Tourism development Volcanoes Italy
ISSN:	2077-0472, 2077-0472
On-line prístup:	Získať plný text
Tagy:	Pridať tag Žiadne tagy, Buďte prvý, kto otaguje tento záznam!

Abstract	The study investigates how agriculture can serve as a driver of sustainable tourism and local development within the Vesuvius National Park under the European Charter for Sustainable Tourism (ECST) framework. Based on 14 semi-structured interviews with farmers, tourism operators, cultural institutions, and producer consortia, the findings reveal that agriculture plays a central role not only as a productive sector but also as a custodian of biodiversity, identity, and territorial resilience. Stakeholders emphasised the economic and symbolic value of traditional crops, highlighting how farm-based experiences, product certifications, and civil-society networks strengthen community cohesion and diversify visitor flows. Nevertheless, tourism remains predominantly concentrated in the vicinity of the volcano’s crater, thereby excluding the park’s other trails, limiting the positive impacts on rural and peripheral areas. Practical implications point to the need for improved mobility infrastructure, cross-sector coordination, and targeted incentives to link agrotourism circuits with regional branding and EU sustainability policies. Overall, the study shows that integrating agriculture into tourism governance can foster more inclusive, resilient, and territorially embedded forms of rural development in protected areas.
AbstractList	The study investigates how agriculture can serve as a driver of sustainable tourism and local development within the Vesuvius National Park under the European Charter for Sustainable Tourism (ECST) framework. Based on 14 semi-structured interviews with farmers, tourism operators, cultural institutions, and producer consortia, the findings reveal that agriculture plays a central role not only as a productive sector but also as a custodian of biodiversity, identity, and territorial resilience. Stakeholders emphasised the economic and symbolic value of traditional crops, highlighting how farm-based experiences, product certifications, and civil-society networks strengthen community cohesion and diversify visitor flows. Nevertheless, tourism remains predominantly concentrated in the vicinity of the volcano’s crater, thereby excluding the park’s other trails, limiting the positive impacts on rural and peripheral areas. Practical implications point to the need for improved mobility infrastructure, cross-sector coordination, and targeted incentives to link agrotourism circuits with regional branding and EU sustainability policies. Overall, the study shows that integrating agriculture into tourism governance can foster more inclusive, resilient, and territorially embedded forms of rural development in protected areas.
Author	Monaco, Salvatore Corbisiero, Fabio Freire Varela, Antón Guarino, Guido
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Salvatore orcidid: 0000-0002-4218-6267 surname: Monaco fullname: Monaco, Salvatore – sequence: 2 givenname: Antón orcidid: 0009-0004-4114-426X surname: Freire Varela fullname: Freire Varela, Antón – sequence: 3 givenname: Guido surname: Guarino fullname: Guarino, Guido – sequence: 4 givenname: Fabio orcidid: 0000-0001-7947-2497 surname: Corbisiero fullname: Corbisiero, Fabio
BookMark	eNptUU1PGzEUtCoqFSi_oBdLvcAh4K_1ermhbUojIUAl7dV6u3kbHDbr1F4j8Q_6s-skqOLAu7yn0WhGb-aIHAx-QEK-cHYuZcUuYBlcm_oxBeSFEEIK8YEcClaWE6ZKcfDm_kROYlyxPBWXhulD8nf-iHSagt8gDLR-hDBioJ0P9CHFEdwATY907lNwcU1Pp_XD_IxCpJAx3--I3_AZe79Z4zBSN9CfKUBPrwJCvKRb9RoiUt_R3xjTs0uR3sLo_JBJ9xCe6OlshP7l7DP52EEf8eR1H5Nf36fz-sfk5u56Vl_dTFpupJjookAJhldVB8AahqhQdaLFToLmFVQFCm2wldgYUwIDDYo3WnSVAsER5DGZ7XUXHlZ2E9wawov14OwO8GFpcwau7dFKDsYIzcsGStWgaZQoeLbXIFEW7SJrfd1rbYL_kzCOdpWDyp9FK0VZqIoVWmWW3LPa4GMM2P135cxuG7TvNCj_AbY9ko8
Cites_doi	10.3390/su122410457 10.1016/j.biocon.2016.05.007 10.4324/9781003289586 10.1016/j.gfs.2017.08.001 10.1080/14616689908721291 10.1016/j.cosust.2013.04.003 10.3390/su12187687 10.1177/1049732315617444 10.1007/s12371-025-01088-3 10.1057/s41254-025-00397-2 10.4324/9781003465164 10.1007/s10980-016-0458-7 10.1007/s10531-004-0536-z 10.1108/9781837975495 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114523 10.1007/978-3-031-87333-1_10 10.4324/9780429428746 10.1007/978-3-662-05240-2_3 10.4103/0972-4923.197612 10.3390/su12093653 10.1007/s11135-024-02022-5 10.1007/978-3-031-95697-3 10.1177/095624780301500111 10.1080/09669580108667409 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103462 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2012.PARKS-18-2.AB.en 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2007.03.007 10.1080/15239080903033846 10.1111/1467-9523.00158
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright_xml	– notice: 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
DBID	AAYXX CITATION 3V. 7SS 7ST 7T7 7X2 8FD 8FE 8FH 8FK ABUWG AEUYN AFKRA ATCPS AZQEC BENPR BHPHI C1K CCPQU DWQXO FR3 HCIFZ M0K P64 PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PKEHL PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS SOI DOA
DOI	10.3390/agriculture15222322
DatabaseName	CrossRef ProQuest Central (Corporate) Entomology Abstracts (Full archive) Environment Abstracts Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A) Agricultural Science Collection Technology Research Database ProQuest SciTech Collection ProQuest Natural Science Collection ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central (Alumni) One Sustainability ProQuest Central UK/Ireland Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection ProQuest Central Essentials - QC ProQuest Central Natural Science Collection Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central Korea Engineering Research Database SciTech Premium Collection Agricultural Science Database Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China Environment Abstracts DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef Agricultural Science Database Publicly Available Content Database Technology Research Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Natural Science Collection ProQuest Central China Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management ProQuest Central ProQuest One Sustainability Natural Science Collection ProQuest Central Korea Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A) ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition Agricultural Science Collection ProQuest SciTech Collection Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts Entomology Abstracts ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition Engineering Research Database ProQuest One Academic Environment Abstracts ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Central (Alumni)
DatabaseTitleList	CrossRef Agricultural Science Database
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: PIMPY name: ProQuest - Publicly Available Content Database url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Agriculture
EISSN	2077-0472
ExternalDocumentID	oai_doaj_org_article_31a882617ba74be8b42515e36a3e35cd 10_3390_agriculture15222322
GeographicLocations	Italy
GeographicLocations_xml	– name: Italy
GroupedDBID	2XV 5VS 7X2 8FE 8FH AAFWJ AAHBH AAYXX ADBBV AEUYN AFFHD AFKRA AFPKN ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ATCPS BCNDV BENPR BHPHI CCPQU CITATION GROUPED_DOAJ HCIFZ IAG IAO ITC KQ8 M0K MODMG M~E OK1 OZF PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PROAC 3V. 7SS 7ST 7T7 8FD 8FK ABUWG AZQEC C1K DWQXO FR3 P64 PKEHL PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS SOI
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c1832-655e3a8199faa0b0ee4e4f2cef3a619a95e268ec3eb887a0a6a41b62f94a21ea3
IEDL.DBID	DOA
ISSN	2077-0472
IngestDate	Mon Dec 01 19:28:30 EST 2025 Wed Nov 26 12:52:37 EST 2025 Wed Nov 12 18:35:49 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess	true
IsOpenAccess	true
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	22
Language	English
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c1832-655e3a8199faa0b0ee4e4f2cef3a619a95e268ec3eb887a0a6a41b62f94a21ea3
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14
ORCID	0000-0001-7947-2497 0009-0004-4114-426X 0000-0002-4218-6267
OpenAccessLink	https://doaj.org/article/31a882617ba74be8b42515e36a3e35cd
PQID	3275490564
PQPubID	2032441
ParticipantIDs	doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_31a882617ba74be8b42515e36a3e35cd proquest_journals_3275490564 crossref_primary_10_3390_agriculture15222322
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2025-11-07
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2025-11-07
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 11 year: 2025 text: 2025-11-07 day: 07
PublicationDecade	2020
PublicationPlace	Basel
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: Basel
PublicationTitle	Agriculture (Basel)
PublicationYear	2025
Publisher	MDPI AG
Publisher_xml	– name: MDPI AG
References	Ahmad (ref_16) 2025; 59 Meyfroidt (ref_34) 2018; 16 ref_35 ref_12 Melo (ref_40) 2021; 1 (ref_5) 2021; 11 (ref_8) 2025; 163 ref_10 Balandina (ref_4) 2012; 18 Blicharska (ref_13) 2016; 199 Aisher (ref_27) 2016; 14 ref_19 (ref_11) 2022; 11 Butler (ref_2) 1999; 1 ref_17 ref_37 Vogel (ref_14) 2012; 3 Johnson (ref_15) 2016; 11 Marsden (ref_30) 2000; 40 Leandri (ref_39) 2023; 14 (ref_6) 2007; 83 Rowlands (ref_20) 2016; 56 Schutz (ref_23) 2010; 22 Meyfroidt (ref_33) 2013; 5 ref_25 ref_46 ref_45 ref_22 Young (ref_26) 2005; 14 ref_44 Hennink (ref_21) 2022; 292 McCool (ref_36) 2001; 9 ref_43 ref_42 ref_41 Limoccia (ref_47) 2023; 1 ref_1 ref_3 ref_29 (ref_38) 2025; 17 ref_28 Tacoli (ref_31) 2003; 15 ref_48 ref_9 Cormont (ref_32) 2017; 32 Malterud (ref_18) 2016; 26 Cairol (ref_24) 2009; 11 ref_7
References_xml	– ident: ref_28 – ident: ref_35 doi: 10.3390/su122410457 – volume: 199 start-page: 110 year: 2016 ident: ref_13 article-title: Contribution of social science to large scale biodiversity conservation: A review of research about the Natura 2000 network publication-title: Biol. Conserv. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2016.05.007 – ident: ref_41 doi: 10.4324/9781003289586 – ident: ref_3 – volume: 22 start-page: 633 year: 2010 ident: ref_23 article-title: Toward a More Multi-Functional Rural Landscape: Community Approaches to Rural Land Stewardship publication-title: Fordham Environ. Law Rev. – volume: 16 start-page: 9 year: 2018 ident: ref_34 article-title: Trade-offs between environment and livelihoods: Bridging the global land use and food security discussions publication-title: Glob. Food Secur. doi: 10.1016/j.gfs.2017.08.001 – volume: 1 start-page: 7 year: 1999 ident: ref_2 article-title: Sustainable tourism: A state-of-the-art review publication-title: Tour. Geogr. doi: 10.1080/14616689908721291 – volume: 5 start-page: 535 year: 2013 ident: ref_33 article-title: Globalization of land use: Distant drivers of land change and geographic displacement of land use publication-title: Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain. doi: 10.1016/j.cosust.2013.04.003 – ident: ref_44 doi: 10.3390/su12187687 – volume: 26 start-page: 1753 year: 2016 ident: ref_18 article-title: Sample size in qualitative interview studies: Guided by information power publication-title: Qual. Health Res. doi: 10.1177/1049732315617444 – volume: 17 start-page: 53 year: 2025 ident: ref_38 article-title: Overtourism in the Bohemian Paradise UNESCO Global Geopark: Identifying Affected Sites Through Participatory Mapping publication-title: Geoheritage doi: 10.1007/s12371-025-01088-3 – ident: ref_10 doi: 10.1057/s41254-025-00397-2 – ident: ref_42 doi: 10.4324/9781003465164 – volume: 32 start-page: 595 year: 2017 ident: ref_32 article-title: Modelling shifts between mono-and multifunctional farming systems: The importance of social and economic drivers publication-title: Landsc. Ecol. doi: 10.1007/s10980-016-0458-7 – ident: ref_1 – volume: 14 start-page: 1641 year: 2005 ident: ref_26 article-title: Towards sustainable land use: Identifying and managing the conflicts between human activities and biodiversity conservation in Europe publication-title: Biodivers. Conserv. doi: 10.1007/s10531-004-0536-z – ident: ref_48 doi: 10.1108/9781837975495 – volume: 292 start-page: 114523 year: 2022 ident: ref_21 article-title: Sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research: A systematic review of empirical tests publication-title: Soc. Sci. Med. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114523 – volume: 1 start-page: 1 year: 2023 ident: ref_47 article-title: Vesuvius: Beyond the emergency, security, participation, eco-democracy and alternative development publication-title: Sociol. Soc. Work Rev. – volume: 11 start-page: 79 year: 2021 ident: ref_5 article-title: The “Torre del Cerrano” Marine Protected Area and the European Charter for Sustainable Tourism in Protected Areas as an Ecotourism Management Tool publication-title: Int. J. Econ. Behav. (IJEB) – ident: ref_7 doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-87333-1_10 – ident: ref_29 – volume: 11 start-page: 3995 year: 2022 ident: ref_11 article-title: Turismo sostenible, ecoturismo y la CETS: Sierra Nevada (España) publication-title: Int. Humanit. Rev./Rev. Int. De Humanidades – ident: ref_12 doi: 10.4324/9780429428746 – ident: ref_46 – ident: ref_25 doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-05240-2_3 – volume: 14 start-page: 293 year: 2016 ident: ref_27 article-title: Introduction: Human-nature interactions through a multispecies lens publication-title: Conserv. Soc. doi: 10.4103/0972-4923.197612 – volume: 11 start-page: 1 year: 2016 ident: ref_15 article-title: Placing local food systems: Farm tours as place-based sustainability education publication-title: J. Sustain. Educ. – ident: ref_37 doi: 10.3390/su12093653 – volume: 59 start-page: 1461 year: 2025 ident: ref_16 article-title: Purposive sampling in qualitative research: A framework for the entire journey publication-title: Qual. Quant. doi: 10.1007/s11135-024-02022-5 – volume: 3 start-page: 377 year: 2012 ident: ref_14 article-title: Analysing the Rural Landscape around Pompeii before the Eruption of Somma-Vesuvius in AD 79 publication-title: eTopoi. J. Anc. Stud. – volume: 56 start-page: 40 year: 2016 ident: ref_20 article-title: Are we there yet? A technique to determine theoretical saturation publication-title: J. Comput. Inf. Syst. – ident: ref_9 doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-95697-3 – volume: 15 start-page: 3 year: 2003 ident: ref_31 article-title: The links between urban and rural development publication-title: Environ. Urban. doi: 10.1177/095624780301500111 – volume: 9 start-page: 372 year: 2001 ident: ref_36 article-title: Tourism Carrying Capacity: Tempting Fantasy or Useful Reality? publication-title: J. Sustain. Tour. doi: 10.1080/09669580108667409 – volume: 14 start-page: 2245 year: 2023 ident: ref_39 article-title: Museum Networks: A Tool for Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development of the Years Coming publication-title: Int. J. Bus. Manag. Econ. Res. (IJBMER) – volume: 1 start-page: 19 year: 2021 ident: ref_40 article-title: Sport tourism events and local sustainable development: An overview publication-title: Small Scale Sport Tour. Events Local Sustain. Dev. – volume: 163 start-page: 103462 year: 2025 ident: ref_8 article-title: Co-creation of economic value in peri-urban protected areas: Insights from nature conservation and nature-based recreation publication-title: Habitat Int. doi: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103462 – ident: ref_17 – ident: ref_45 – ident: ref_19 – ident: ref_43 – ident: ref_22 – volume: 18 start-page: 132 year: 2012 ident: ref_4 article-title: European Charter Parks—A growing network for sustainable tourism development in protected areas publication-title: Parks doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2012.PARKS-18-2.AB.en – volume: 83 start-page: 137 year: 2007 ident: ref_6 article-title: Biodiversity conservation, traditional agriculture and ecotourism: Land cover/land use change projections for a natural protected area in the northeastern Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico publication-title: Landsc. Urban Plan. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2007.03.007 – volume: 11 start-page: 269 year: 2009 ident: ref_24 article-title: Multifunctionality of agriculture and rural areas as reflected in policies: The importance and relevance of the territorial view publication-title: J. Environ. Policy Plan. doi: 10.1080/15239080903033846 – volume: 40 start-page: 424 year: 2000 ident: ref_30 article-title: Food Supply Chain Approaches: Exploring their Role in Rural Development publication-title: Sociol. Rural. doi: 10.1111/1467-9523.00158
SSID	ssj0000913806
Score	2.3082788
Snippet	The study investigates how agriculture can serve as a driver of sustainable tourism and local development within the Vesuvius National Park under the European...
SourceID	doaj proquest crossref
SourceType	Open Website Aggregation Database Index Database
StartPage	2322
SubjectTerms	agricultural heritage Agriculture Agritourism Biodiversity climate-resilient farming Collaboration Cultural heritage National parks natural protected areas Protected areas Qualitative research Resilience Rural areas Rural development Sustainability Sustainable tourism Tourism Tourism development Volcanoes
SummonAdditionalLinks	– databaseName: Publicly Available Content Database dbid: PIMPY link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lb9QwELZgywEOlFfFQovmwKGViNbxIw8uVVm1ogeqFS2onKKJM65WqjZl063EP-BnM856uyAqTlwTy7Ey9vfNjO1vhHibNs40pGUi64YDlDSsuaKRSZ56qZ1V0lrfF5vIT06K8_NyEq9Hd_FY5QoTe6Beqj2Hc9sMwqOmdSFjPtIq58CGydvsX31PQg2psNcaC2rcFxtBeKsYiI3J8afJt9ucS9DALGS2FB_SHO2P8GIeJS6IiYypUqk_CKrX8f8LpnvuOdr8v6N-Ih5HHxQOlpPmqbhHs2fi0cF6kM_FT54-sMrUQ9iT5_8P7ODC6frGFUQJQtg9HJ-e7QF2gPysvewb_nYcCaYz-Bz0PfibhN17CL2PmT-h9fCVusXNdNFBlOi-hHATG3aPOSz4sfdCfDk6PBt_TGLRhsQFdEgya0kj-xmlR5S1JDJkvHLkNXKwhqUllRXkNNWMbygxQ5PWmfKlQZUS6i0xmLUzeilAOeS-dGkVeWOlRpMzn3qtGsopd-VQvFtZqrpaanNUHNMEw1Z3GHYoPgRr3jYNwtr9g3Z-UcV1WukUOeZgt67G3NRU1IxpKY8iQ03aumYotleGruJq76q1XV_9-_Vr8VCF-sEhLZ1vi8H1fEE74oG7uZ528zdxuv4Cfb78xQ priority: 102 providerName: ProQuest
Title	The European Charter for Sustainable Tourism (ECST) as a Tool for Development in Rural Areas: The Case of Vesuvius National Park (Italy)
URI	https://www.proquest.com/docview/3275490564 https://doaj.org/article/31a882617ba74be8b42515e36a3e35cd
Volume	15
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVAON databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2077-0472 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000913806 issn: 2077-0472 databaseCode: DOA dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/ providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – providerCode: PRVHPJ databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources customDbUrl: eissn: 2077-0472 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000913806 issn: 2077-0472 databaseCode: M~E dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org providerName: ISSN International Centre – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Agricultural Science Database customDbUrl: eissn: 2077-0472 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000913806 issn: 2077-0472 databaseCode: M0K dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/agriculturejournals providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest - Publicly Available Content Database customDbUrl: eissn: 2077-0472 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000913806 issn: 2077-0472 databaseCode: PIMPY dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Central customDbUrl: eissn: 2077-0472 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000913806 issn: 2077-0472 databaseCode: BENPR dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central providerName: ProQuest
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1LSxxBEG6C5pAcRE1CNj6ogweFDPb0Yx7edFmJBJdFTTCnoaanWhZkN-y4gv_An231zKxuMJBLLnNomu6hqrq-qn58JcReXDlTkZaRLCtOUOKw5rJKRmnspXZWSWt9U2wiHQ6z6-t8tFTqK9wJa-mBW8Ed6hg5CGScLTE1JWUlG1lsSSeoSVtXBe_LUc9SMtX44DzWmUxamiHNef0h3sw6MgtiyGJQVOoPKGoY-1855AZlTtfFWhcewnH7WxviDU02xfvjl1E_iEfWLCw20SEcl7NogGNPuHx5DAUdOyDsD_qXVweANSC3TW-bjks3hWA8gYtAvcFzEtZHEEbvM7TB1MNPquf343kNHXv2LYRH0rB_xhH7w8FH8eN0cNX_FnX1FCIXFm6UWJYbcgiQe0RZSiJDxitHXiPnUZhbUklGTlPJrgclJmjiMlE-N6hiQv1JrEymE_osQDnksXRuFXljpUaTMtR5rSpKKXV5T3xdiLb43dJmFJxuBE0Uf9FET5wE8T93DZzXTQNbQtFZQvEvS-iJ7YXyim4h1oVWKWfAHOWZL_9jji3xToUCwGFfOd0WK3ezOe2It-7-blzPdsXqyWA4uthtbJG_5_I7t43Ozke_ngBYkOWP
linkProvider	Directory of Open Access Journals
linkToHtml	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9QwELZKQQIOvBELBeYAUisR1bGdFxJCZWnV1ZYVokvVW5g442qlalM23aL-A34Nv5FxNumCQNx64OpYk8j55mWPvxHiRVhaU5KWgSxKTlBCr3NpKYMkdFLbSMkock2ziWQ0Sg8Ps48r4kd3F8aXVXY2sTHUZWX9HvmmVgmnMuyuzduTr4HvGuVPV7sWGgtYDOn8G6ds9ZvBe_6_L5Xa2R73d4O2q0BgPXyDOIpIIzvCzCHKQhIZMk5Zcho5m8AsIhWnZDUVrIAoMUYTFrFymUEVEmqWe0VcNYZtvy8VlMOLPR3PsZnKeEFupHUmN_Fo1lJoEDtKdsVK_eYAmz4Bf7iBxrft3P7fVuWOuNVG0bC1gP1dsULTe-Lm1nIZ7ovvrADQnTWArypgBAGH6LC_vDMGLYkirG_398cbgDUgj1XHzcRfCqpgMoVPnqGE30lYvwYvvc8RAFQODqien03mNbQk48fg75LD-oATm_ONB-LzpSzFQ7E6rab0SICyyLJ0FilyJpIaTcIRgdOqpIQSm_XEqw4L-cmCXSTnrMxDJ_8LdHrincfLxVRPDd4MVLOjvLU0uQ6RsyYOTAtMTEFpwVY55K-IUZOObNkTax2U8tZe1fkSR4___fi5uL47_rCX7w1GwyfihvLdkP0me7ImVk9nc3oqrtmz00k9e9aoBogvl426ny5tTdU
linkToPdf	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9NAEB6VFKFy4I0aKLAHkFoJK-t9-IGEUEkbERWiiJaqnMx6PVtFquISN0X9B_wmfh2zjt2AQNx64Lpeja31N6_d2W8AnoeFVQVKHvC8oAQl9DqXFDyIQ8el1YJr7epmE_FolBwdpeMV-NHehfFlla1NrA11UVq_R96TIqZUhty16rmmLGK8M3hz-jXwHaT8SWvbTmMBkT28-EbpW_V6uEP_-oUQg92D_rug6TAQWA_lINIapSGnmDpjeM4RFSonLDppKLMwqUYRJWgl5qSMhpvIqDCPhEuVESEaSXKvwSqF5Ep1YHU8_DD-fLnD4xk3Ex4tqI6kTHnPHM8aQg0kt0mOWYjf3GHdNeAPp1B7usHt_3mN7sCtJr5m2wuFuAsrOL0HN7eXS3IfvpNqsPYUgvl6A8IWo-Cd7S9vk7GGXpFt7vb3D7aYqZihsfKknvhLqRWbTNlHz11C70RTvWJeep9iA1Y6dojV_Hwyr1hDP37C_C1ztjmklOdi6wF8upKleAidaTnFdWDCGpIlUy3QKc2lUTHFCk6KAmOMbdqFly0ustMF70hG-ZqHUfYXGHXhrcfO5VRPGl4PlLPjrLFBmQwN5VMUsuYmVjkmOdnrkL4iMhKltkUXNlpYZY0lq7Ilph79-_EzuEFgy94PR3uPYU34Nsl-9z3egM7ZbI5P4Lo9P5tUs6eNnjD4ctWw-wm76lgu
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+European+Charter+for+Sustainable+Tourism+%28ECST%29+as+a+Tool+for+Development+in+Rural+Areas%3A+The+Case+of+Vesuvius+National+Park+%28Italy%29&rft.jtitle=Agriculture+%28Basel%29&rft.au=Salvatore+Monaco&rft.au=Ant%C3%B3n+Freire+Varela&rft.au=Guido+Guarino&rft.au=Fabio+Corbisiero&rft.date=2025-11-07&rft.pub=MDPI+AG&rft.eissn=2077-0472&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Fagriculture15222322&rft.externalDBID=DOA&rft.externalDocID=oai_doaj_org_article_31a882617ba74be8b42515e36a3e35cd
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2077-0472&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2077-0472&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2077-0472&client=summon