Characteristics of Esodeviation Related to Hyperopia in Children Aged 4 to 6 Years: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of esotropia associated with hyperopia in children aged 4 to 6 years.Methods: Medical charts of 142 patients (60 boys and 82 girls; age range, 4–6 years) with esotropia and hyperopia (≥1.5 diopters after cycloplegic refraction) were retrospectively reviewe...
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| Published in: | Korean journal of ophthalmology Vol. 39; no. 5; pp. 441 - 445 |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Korea (South)
대한안과학회
01.10.2025
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| ISSN: | 1011-8942, 2092-9382 |
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| Abstract | Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of esotropia associated with hyperopia in children aged 4 to 6 years.Methods: Medical charts of 142 patients (60 boys and 82 girls; age range, 4–6 years) with esotropia and hyperopia (≥1.5 diopters after cycloplegic refraction) were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified into four groups: (1) fully corrected accommodative esotropia (FCAET); (2) accommodative esotropia (AET) with residual deviation ≤8 prism diopters; (3) partially AET (PAET) with residual deviation ≥10 prism diopters; and (4) nonaccommodative esotropia (NAET). Clinical parameters, including best-corrected visual acuity, angle of esodeviation, and refractive errors, were analyzed to identify predictors of esodeviation type.Results: Female patients were significantly more likely to achieve good control with glasses (p = 0.044). Visual acuity in the better and worse eyes and the prevalence of anisometropic amblyopia did not differ among groups (p = 0.430, p = 0.124, and p = 0.189, respectively). The hyperopia (spherical power) of the AET group was significantly higher than that of the NAET group (p = 0.028), and the spherical equivalent was also more hyperopic in the AET group compared with the NAET group (p = 0.040). Near esodeviation in the FCAET group was significantly smaller than that in the AET group (p = 0.003), whereas esodeviation at distance did not differ among groups (p = 0.115).Conclusions: Larger angles of esodeviation and lower degrees of hyperopia were associated with a reduced likelihood of successful correction with glasses. Multiple factors should therefore be considered when predicting motor outcomes of accommodative esotropia prior to a trial of spectacle correction. |
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| AbstractList | Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of esotropia associated with hyperopia in children aged 4 to 6 years.
Methods: Medical charts of 142 patients (60 boys and 82 girls; age range, 4–6 years) with esotropia and hyperopia (≥1.5 diopters after cycloplegic refraction) were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified into four groups: (1) fully corrected accommodative esotropia (FCAET); (2) accommodative esotropia (AET) with residual deviation ≤8 prism diopters; (3) partially AET (PAET) with residual deviation ≥10 prism diopters; and (4) nonaccommodative esotropia (NAET). Clinical parameters, including best-corrected visual acuity, angle of esodeviation, and refractive errors, were analyzed to identify predictors of esodeviation type.
Results: Female patients were significantly more likely to achieve good control with glasses (p = 0.044). Visual acuity in the better and worse eyes and the prevalence of anisometropic amblyopia did not differ among groups (p = 0.430, p = 0.124, and p = 0.189, respectively). The hyperopia (spherical power) of the AET group was significantly higher than that of the NAET group (p = 0.028), and the spherical equivalent was also more hyperopic in the AET group compared with the NAET group (p = 0.040). Near esodeviation in the FCAET group was significantly smaller than that in the AET group (p = 0.003), whereas esodeviation at distance did not differ among groups (p = 0.115).
Conclusions: Larger angles of esodeviation and lower degrees of hyperopia were associated with a reduced likelihood of successful correction with glasses. Multiple factors should therefore be considered when predicting motor outcomes of accommodative esotropia prior to a trial of spectacle correction. KCI Citation Count: 0 Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of esotropia associated with hyperopia in children aged 4 to 6 years.Methods: Medical charts of 142 patients (60 boys and 82 girls; age range, 4–6 years) with esotropia and hyperopia (≥1.5 diopters after cycloplegic refraction) were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified into four groups: (1) fully corrected accommodative esotropia (FCAET); (2) accommodative esotropia (AET) with residual deviation ≤8 prism diopters; (3) partially AET (PAET) with residual deviation ≥10 prism diopters; and (4) nonaccommodative esotropia (NAET). Clinical parameters, including best-corrected visual acuity, angle of esodeviation, and refractive errors, were analyzed to identify predictors of esodeviation type.Results: Female patients were significantly more likely to achieve good control with glasses (p = 0.044). Visual acuity in the better and worse eyes and the prevalence of anisometropic amblyopia did not differ among groups (p = 0.430, p = 0.124, and p = 0.189, respectively). The hyperopia (spherical power) of the AET group was significantly higher than that of the NAET group (p = 0.028), and the spherical equivalent was also more hyperopic in the AET group compared with the NAET group (p = 0.040). Near esodeviation in the FCAET group was significantly smaller than that in the AET group (p = 0.003), whereas esodeviation at distance did not differ among groups (p = 0.115).Conclusions: Larger angles of esodeviation and lower degrees of hyperopia were associated with a reduced likelihood of successful correction with glasses. Multiple factors should therefore be considered when predicting motor outcomes of accommodative esotropia prior to a trial of spectacle correction. To investigate the characteristics of esotropia associated with hyperopia in children aged 4 to 6 years. Medical charts of 142 patients (60 boys and 82 girls; age range, 4-6 years) with esotropia and hyperopia (≥1.5 diopters after cycloplegic refraction) were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified into four groups: (1) fully corrected accommodative esotropia (FCAET); (2) accommodative esotropia (AET) with residual deviation ≤8 prism diopters; (3) partially AET (PAET) with residual deviation ≥10 prism diopters; and (4) nonaccommodative esotropia (NAET). Clinical parameters, including best-corrected visual acuity, angle of esodeviation, and refractive errors, were analyzed to identify predictors of esodeviation type. Female patients were significantly more likely to achieve good control with glasses (p = 0.044). Visual acuity in the better and worse eyes and the prevalence of anisometropic amblyopia did not differ among groups (p = 0.430, p = 0.124, and p = 0.189, respectively). The hyperopia (spherical power) of the AET group was significantly higher than that of the NAET group (p = 0.028), and the spherical equivalent was also more hyperopic in the AET group compared with the NAET group (p = 0.040). Near esodeviation in the FCAET group was significantly smaller than that in the AET group (p = 0.003), whereas esodeviation at distance did not differ among groups (p = 0.115). Larger angles of esodeviation and lower degrees of hyperopia were associated with a reduced likelihood of successful correction with glasses. Multiple factors should therefore be considered when predicting motor outcomes of accommodative esotropia prior to a trial of spectacle correction. |
| Author | Yoon, Yi Sang Kim, Ungsoo Samuel |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/s0896-1549(05)70240-6 10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.05.072 10.3928/0191-3913-19880701-06 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.07.017 10.1136/bjo.84.7.746 10.3928/0191-3913-19880101-04 10.1007/s10792-018-0821-6 10.1080/09286586.2019.1628282 10.1016/j.jaapos.2014.01.018 10.3928/01913913-20200504-02 10.1067/mpa.2001.117570 |
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| Snippet | Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of esotropia associated with hyperopia in children aged 4 to 6 years.Methods: Medical charts of 142 patients (60... To investigate the characteristics of esotropia associated with hyperopia in children aged 4 to 6 years. Medical charts of 142 patients (60 boys and 82 girls;... Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of esotropia associated with hyperopia in children aged 4 to 6 years. Methods: Medical charts of 142 patients (60... |
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| SubjectTerms | Accommodation, Ocular - physiology Child Child, Preschool Esotropia - diagnosis Esotropia - etiology Esotropia - physiopathology Esotropia - therapy Eyeglasses Female Follow-Up Studies Humans Hyperopia - complications Hyperopia - diagnosis Hyperopia - physiopathology Male Refraction, Ocular - physiology Retrospective Studies Visual Acuity - physiology 안과학 |
| Title | Characteristics of Esodeviation Related to Hyperopia in Children Aged 4 to 6 Years: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
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