A flow shop scheduling problem with machine-dependent speeds: An ensemble approach with worst-case analysis

We consider a flow shop scheduling problem to minimize the total weighted completion time with any given job having the same processing requirement at all stages and each machine operating at its own speed. This problem is known to be NP-hard even for just two machines. In this paper, we propose a s...

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Veröffentlicht in:European journal of operational research
Hauptverfasser: Park, Insoo, Lee, Kangbok, Pinedo, Michael
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Elsevier B.V 01.09.2025
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ISSN:0377-2217
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Abstract We consider a flow shop scheduling problem to minimize the total weighted completion time with any given job having the same processing requirement at all stages and each machine operating at its own speed. This problem is known to be NP-hard even for just two machines. In this paper, we propose a simple yet efficient approximation algorithm that leverages the complementary strengths of existing approaches. We first establish that our algorithm achieves a strictly better approximation ratio than previously known methods for the two-machine case. We then extend our analysis to settings with more than two machines, focusing on scenarios where the number of distinct machine speeds is fixed. Finally, we use these insights to derive an approximation ratio for the general case of arbitrary machine speeds. •Study a flow shop scheduling problem with machine-dependent speeds.•Propose a simple ensemble algorithm with approximation guarantees.•Prove the golden ratio bound for the two-machine case, improving prior results.•Analyze the case where the number of distinct machine speeds is fixed.•Extend the analysis to multiple machines with arbitrary machine speeds.
AbstractList We consider a flow shop scheduling problem to minimize the total weighted completion time with any given job having the same processing requirement at all stages and each machine operating at its own speed. This problem is known to be NP-hard even for just two machines. In this paper, we propose a simple yet efficient approximation algorithm that leverages the complementary strengths of existing approaches. We first establish that our algorithm achieves a strictly better approximation ratio than previously known methods for the two-machine case. We then extend our analysis to settings with more than two machines, focusing on scenarios where the number of distinct machine speeds is fixed. Finally, we use these insights to derive an approximation ratio for the general case of arbitrary machine speeds. •Study a flow shop scheduling problem with machine-dependent speeds.•Propose a simple ensemble algorithm with approximation guarantees.•Prove the golden ratio bound for the two-machine case, improving prior results.•Analyze the case where the number of distinct machine speeds is fixed.•Extend the analysis to multiple machines with arbitrary machine speeds.
Author Park, Insoo
Lee, Kangbok
Pinedo, Michael
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  surname: Park
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  givenname: Kangbok
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  surname: Lee
  fullname: Lee, Kangbok
  email: kblee@postech.ac.kr
  organization: Department of Industrial and Management Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
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  givenname: Michael
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  surname: Pinedo
  fullname: Pinedo, Michael
  organization: Stern School of Business, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA
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IngestDate Sat Nov 29 06:51:38 EST 2025
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Keywords Scheduling with different machine speeds
Scheduling
Flow shop
Approximation algorithm
Language English
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Snippet We consider a flow shop scheduling problem to minimize the total weighted completion time with any given job having the same processing requirement at all...
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SubjectTerms Approximation algorithm
Flow shop
Scheduling
Scheduling with different machine speeds
Title A flow shop scheduling problem with machine-dependent speeds: An ensemble approach with worst-case analysis
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2025.09.018
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