Real-time voxelized mesh fracture with Gram–Schmidt constraints

Much previous research about fracture of deformable bodies has focused on physical principles (e.g. energy and mass conservation), leading to simulation methods that are very realistic, but not yet applicable in real-time. We present a stylized animation method for destruction of soft bodies that is...

Celý popis

Uložené v:
Podrobná bibliografia
Vydané v:Computers & graphics Ročník 132; s. 104382
Hlavní autori: McGraw, Tim, Zhou, Xinyi
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2025
Predmet:
ISSN:0097-8493
On-line prístup:Získať plný text
Tagy: Pridať tag
Žiadne tagy, Buďte prvý, kto otaguje tento záznam!
Abstract Much previous research about fracture of deformable bodies has focused on physical principles (e.g. energy and mass conservation), leading to simulation methods that are very realistic, but not yet applicable in real-time. We present a stylized animation method for destruction of soft bodies that is visually plausible and capable of running at hundreds of frames per second by sacrificing visual realism and physical accuracy. Our method uses a new volume-preserving voxel constraint based on Gram–Schmidt orthonormalization which, when used in tandem with a breakable face-to-face voxel constraint, allows us to animate destructible models. We also describe optional LOD constraints which speed convergence and increase apparent stiffness of the models. The creation pipeline and constraints presented here are designed to minimize the number of partitions needed for parallel Gauss–Seidel iterations. We compare the proposed techniques with shape constraints and the state-of-the-art material point method on the basis of memory usage, computation time and visual results. [Display omitted] •Destructible models in a voxelized visual style are created from watertight meshes.•Position-based dynamics constraints are based on Gram–Schmidt orthonormalization.•Model structure permits an efficient parallelization scheme.•LOD constraints speed up convergence efficiently.
AbstractList Much previous research about fracture of deformable bodies has focused on physical principles (e.g. energy and mass conservation), leading to simulation methods that are very realistic, but not yet applicable in real-time. We present a stylized animation method for destruction of soft bodies that is visually plausible and capable of running at hundreds of frames per second by sacrificing visual realism and physical accuracy. Our method uses a new volume-preserving voxel constraint based on Gram–Schmidt orthonormalization which, when used in tandem with a breakable face-to-face voxel constraint, allows us to animate destructible models. We also describe optional LOD constraints which speed convergence and increase apparent stiffness of the models. The creation pipeline and constraints presented here are designed to minimize the number of partitions needed for parallel Gauss–Seidel iterations. We compare the proposed techniques with shape constraints and the state-of-the-art material point method on the basis of memory usage, computation time and visual results. [Display omitted] •Destructible models in a voxelized visual style are created from watertight meshes.•Position-based dynamics constraints are based on Gram–Schmidt orthonormalization.•Model structure permits an efficient parallelization scheme.•LOD constraints speed up convergence efficiently.
ArticleNumber 104382
Author Zhou, Xinyi
McGraw, Tim
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Tim
  orcidid: 0000-0001-6704-6351
  surname: McGraw
  fullname: McGraw, Tim
  email: tmcgraw@purdue.edu
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Xinyi
  surname: Zhou
  fullname: Zhou, Xinyi
  email: zhou884@purdue.edu
BookMark eNp9j0tOwzAURT0oEm1hAcyygZTnT5xEjKoKSqVKSHzGlmM_U1dNgmxTPiP2wA5ZCanKmNHVHZyreyZk1PUdEnJBYUaBysvtzOjnGQNWDF3wio3IGKAu80rU_JRMYtwCAGNSjMn8HvUuT77FbN-_485_os1ajJvMBW3Sa8DszadNtgy6_fn6fjCb1tuUmb6LKWjfpXhGTpzeRTz_yyl5url-XNzm67vlajFf54ZKmXIuLEjJaiYbSZ1oat5wWolGABWVk5IDFpQ6C4UpNHOlpYUxuqyBl84hZXxK6HHXhD7GgE69BN_q8KEoqIO32qrBWx281dF7YK6ODA7H9h6DisZjZ9D6gCYp2_t_6F_XG2R6
Cites_doi 10.1145/3306346.3322949
10.1145/2461912.2461948
10.1002/cav.2143
10.1145/1399504.1360646
10.1145/54852.378522
10.1145/2994258.2994269
10.1109/TVCG.2010.268
10.1111/cgf.12533
10.1080/2151237X.2008.10129269
10.1016/j.jvcir.2007.01.005
10.1145/3359566.3360078
10.1145/566570.566579
10.1006/cgip.1994.1042
10.1145/2897826.2927348
10.1007/s00371-008-0243-y
10.1145/37401.37427
10.1145/3487983.3488289
10.1145/3561975.3562956
10.1145/1073204.1073298
10.1145/3340259
10.1145/311535.311550
10.1145/3099564.3099574
10.1145/2601097.2601152
10.1109/2945.817350
10.1145/1073204.1073216
10.1145/3072959.3073666
10.1145/2856400.2856415
10.1145/1964921.1964987
10.1016/j.cag.2022.10.009
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2025 Elsevier Ltd
Copyright_xml – notice: 2025 Elsevier Ltd
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
DOI 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382
DatabaseName CrossRef
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
DatabaseTitleList
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
Physics
ExternalDocumentID 10_1016_j_cag_2025_104382
S0097849325002237
GroupedDBID --K
--M
-~X
.DC
.~1
0R~
1B1
1~.
1~5
29F
4.4
457
4G.
5GY
5VS
6TJ
7-5
71M
8P~
9JN
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAIKJ
AAKOC
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AAQXK
AATTM
AAXKI
AAXUO
AAYFN
AAYWO
ABAOU
ABBOA
ABDPE
ABEFU
ABJNI
ABMAC
ABWVN
ABXDB
ACDAQ
ACGFS
ACNNM
ACRLP
ACRPL
ACZNC
ADBBV
ADEZE
ADGUI
ADJOM
ADMUD
ADNMO
AEBSH
AEIPS
AEKER
AFFNX
AFJKZ
AFTJW
AGHFR
AGQPQ
AGSOS
AGUBO
AGYEJ
AHHHB
AHZHX
AI.
AIALX
AIEXJ
AIGVJ
AIIUN
AIKHN
AITUG
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMRAJ
ANKPU
AOUOD
APXCP
ARUGR
ASPBG
AVWKF
AXJTR
AZFZN
BKOJK
BLXMC
CS3
EBS
EFJIC
EFKBS
EFLBG
EJD
EO8
EO9
EP2
EP3
F5P
FDB
FEDTE
FGOYB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
G-Q
GBLVA
GBOLZ
HLZ
HVGLF
HZ~
H~9
IHE
J1W
K-O
KOM
LG9
M41
MHUIS
MO0
N9A
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
OZT
P-8
P-9
PC.
Q38
R2-
ROL
RPZ
SBC
SDF
SDG
SDP
SES
SEW
SPC
SPCBC
SSV
SSW
SSZ
T5K
TN5
UHS
VH1
VOH
WH7
WUQ
XPP
ZMT
ZY4
~02
~G-
~HD
9DU
AAYXX
ACLOT
CITATION
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c166t-34d0662926b61f4b93b3184b40148f6630e511fd05c5a2f7d15cca79037ffe123
ISSN 0097-8493
IngestDate Sat Nov 29 07:31:07 EST 2025
Sat Sep 20 17:10:59 EDT 2025
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Keywords Animation
Fracture
Parallel programming
Simulation
Physics
Language English
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c166t-34d0662926b61f4b93b3184b40148f6630e511fd05c5a2f7d15cca79037ffe123
ORCID 0000-0001-6704-6351
ParticipantIDs crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cag_2025_104382
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_cag_2025_104382
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate November 2025
2025-11-00
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2025-11-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 11
  year: 2025
  text: November 2025
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationTitle Computers & graphics
PublicationYear 2025
Publisher Elsevier Ltd
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier Ltd
References Muller, Teschner, Gross (b2) 2004
Stomakhin, Schroeder, Chai, Teran, Selle (b32) 2013; 32
Dahl A, Bargteil A. Global momentum preservation for position-based dynamics. In: Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGGRAPH conference on motion, interaction and games. 2019, p. 1–5.
Jones B, Martin A, Levine JA, Shinar T, Bargteil AW. Ductile fracture for clustered shape matching. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on interactive 3D graphics and games. 2016, p. 65–70.
Mandal A, Chaudhuri P, Chaudhuri S. Simulating Fracture in Anisotropic Materials Containing Impurities. In: Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGGRAPH conference on motion, interaction and games. 2022, p. 1–10.
Lauterbach, Garland, Sengupta, Luebke, Manocha (b45) 2009; Vol. 28
Müller M, Bender J, Chentanez N, Macklin M. A robust method to extract the rotational part of deformations. In: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on motion in games. 2016, p. 55–60.
Müller (b24) 2008
Müller, Macklin, Chentanez, Jeschke (b18) 2022; Vol. 41
The CGAL Project (b42) 2024
Fang, You, Chaudhry, Zhang (b14) 2023; 34
Jakobsen (b11) 2001; Vol. 3
Frisken-Gibson (b36) 1999; 5
Wiegand (b44) 1996; Vol. 15
Bender J, Müller M, Macklin M. A survey on position based dynamics, 2017. In: Proceedings of the European association for computer graphics: tutorials. 2017, p. 1–31.
Desbrun M, Schröder P, Barr A. Interactive animation of structured deformable objects. In: Graphics interface. Vol. 99, 1999, p. 10.
Müller, Heidelberger, Hennix, Ratcliff (b12) 2007; 18
Mercier-Aubin, Kry (b23) 2024; Vol. 43
Wolff, Herholz, Ziegler, Link, Brügel, Sorkine-Hornung (b50) 2021
Schmedding, Teschner (b46) 2008; 24
Terzopoulos D, Fleischer K. Modeling inelastic deformation: viscolelasticity, plasticity, fracture. In: Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques. 1988, p. 269–78.
O’Brien JF, Hodgins JK. Graphical modeling and animation of brittle fracture. In: Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques. 1999, p. 137–46.
Wang, Ding, Gast, Zhu, Gagniere, Jiang, Teran (b35) 2019; 2
Müller M, Chentanez N. Solid simulation with oriented particles. In: ACM SIGGRAPH 2011 papers. 2011, p. 1–10.
Zhu, Bridson (b30) 2005; 24
Lee, Kashyap, Chu (b41) 1994; 56
Besl, McKay (b38) 1992; Vol. 1611
Yan, Li, Chen, Hu (b33) 2018; Vol. 37
McGraw (b8) 2024
Ton-That, Kry, Andrews (b5) 2023; 110
Terzopoulos D, Platt J, Barr A, Fleischer K. Elastically deformable models. In: Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques. 1987, p. 205–14.
Strutz (b40) 2021
Wojtan C, Turk G. Fast viscoelastic behavior with thin features. In: ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 papers. 2008, p. 1–8.
Golub, Van Loan (b20) 2013
Koschier, Bender, Thuerey (b28) 2017; 36
Wolper, Fang, Li, Lu, Gao, Jiang (b34) 2019; 38
McGraw (b7) 2024
Ruijters, ter Haar Romeny, Suetens (b48) 2008; 13
Jiang C, Schroeder C, Teran J, Stomakhin A, Selle A. The material point method for simulating continuum materials. In: ACM SIGGRAPH 2016 courses. 2016, p. 1–52.
Kubisch (b47) 2018
Müller M, Chentanez N, Macklin M, Jeschke S. Long range constraints for rigid body simulations. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/eurographics symposium on computer animation. 2017, p. 1–10.
Hu, Fang, Ge, Qu, Zhu, Pradhana, Jiang (b49) 2018; 37
Abu Rumman, Fratarcangeli (b4) 2015; 34
O’Brien JF, Bargteil AW, Hodgins JK. Graphical modeling and animation of ductile fracture. In: Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques. 2002, p. 291–4.
Crassin, Green (b39) 2012
Gosz (b51) 2017
Macklin, Müller, Chentanez, Kim (b13) 2014; 33
Hachenberger, Kettner (b43) 2024
Müller, Heidelberger, Teschner, Gross (b15) 2005; 24
Dick, Georgii, Westermann (b37) 2010; 17
Macklin M, Muller M. A constraint-based formulation of stable neo-hookean materials. In: Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGGRAPH conference on motion, interaction and games. 2021, p. 1–7.
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b27
Lee (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b41) 1994; 56
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b29
Besl (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b38) 1992; Vol. 1611
Wiegand (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b44) 1996; Vol. 15
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b1
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b22
Zhu (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b30) 2005; 24
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b21
Lauterbach (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b45) 2009; Vol. 28
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b26
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b25
Hu (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b49) 2018; 37
The CGAL Project (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b42) 2024
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b9
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b3
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b6
Crassin (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b39) 2012
Fang (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b14) 2023; 34
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b31
Stomakhin (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b32) 2013; 32
McGraw (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b8) 2024
Wolper (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b34) 2019; 38
Gosz (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b51) 2017
Jakobsen (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b11) 2001; Vol. 3
Ruijters (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b48) 2008; 13
Macklin (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b13) 2014; 33
Müller (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b12) 2007; 18
Schmedding (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b46) 2008; 24
Wang (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b35) 2019; 2
Wolff (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b50) 2021
Frisken-Gibson (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b36) 1999; 5
Koschier (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b28) 2017; 36
McGraw (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b7) 2024
Müller (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b24) 2008
Yan (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b33) 2018; Vol. 37
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b17
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b16
Strutz (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b40) 2021
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b19
Dick (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b37) 2010; 17
Mercier-Aubin (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b23) 2024; Vol. 43
10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b10
Muller (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b2) 2004
Golub (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b20) 2013
Müller (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b15) 2005; 24
Müller (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b18) 2022; Vol. 41
Kubisch (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b47) 2018
Hachenberger (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b43) 2024
Ton-That (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b5) 2023; 110
Abu Rumman (10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b4) 2015; 34
References_xml – year: 2008
  ident: b24
  article-title: Hierarchical position based dynamics
  publication-title: Workshop in virtual reality interactions and physical simulation ”VRIPHYS” (2008)
– volume: 34
  start-page: 240
  year: 2015
  end-page: 250
  ident: b4
  article-title: Position-based skinning for soft articulated characters
  publication-title: Comput Graph Forum
– reference: Terzopoulos D, Fleischer K. Modeling inelastic deformation: viscolelasticity, plasticity, fracture. In: Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques. 1988, p. 269–78.
– reference: Jiang C, Schroeder C, Teran J, Stomakhin A, Selle A. The material point method for simulating continuum materials. In: ACM SIGGRAPH 2016 courses. 2016, p. 1–52.
– reference: Wojtan C, Turk G. Fast viscoelastic behavior with thin features. In: ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 papers. 2008, p. 1–8.
– start-page: 26
  year: 2004
  end-page: 33
  ident: b2
  article-title: Physically-based simulation of objects represented by surface meshes
  publication-title: Proceedings computer graphics international, 2004
– reference: Desbrun M, Schröder P, Barr A. Interactive animation of structured deformable objects. In: Graphics interface. Vol. 99, 1999, p. 10.
– year: 2017
  ident: b51
  article-title: Finite element method: applications in solids, structures, and heat transfer
– volume: 37
  start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  end-page: 14
  ident: b49
  article-title: A moving least squares material point method with displacement discontinuity and two-way rigid body coupling
  publication-title: ACM Trans Graph
– start-page: 1
  year: 2021
  end-page: 12
  ident: b50
  article-title: 3D Custom fit garment design with body movement
– year: 2024
  ident: b42
  article-title: CGAL user and reference manual
– volume: 38
  start-page: 1
  year: 2019
  end-page: 15
  ident: b34
  article-title: CD-MPM: continuum damage material point methods for dynamic fracture animation
  publication-title: ACM Trans Graph
– volume: 32
  start-page: 1
  year: 2013
  end-page: 10
  ident: b32
  article-title: A material point method for snow simulation
  publication-title: ACM Trans Graph
– reference: Macklin M, Muller M. A constraint-based formulation of stable neo-hookean materials. In: Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGGRAPH conference on motion, interaction and games. 2021, p. 1–7.
– reference: Terzopoulos D, Platt J, Barr A, Fleischer K. Elastically deformable models. In: Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques. 1987, p. 205–14.
– volume: 2
  start-page: 1
  year: 2019
  end-page: 20
  ident: b35
  article-title: Simulation and visualization of ductile fracture with the material point method
  publication-title: Proc ACM Comput Graph Interact Tech
– volume: Vol. 15
  start-page: 249
  year: 1996
  end-page: 261
  ident: b44
  article-title: Interactive rendering of CSG models
  publication-title: Computer graphics forum
– volume: Vol. 37
  start-page: 183
  year: 2018
  end-page: 193
  ident: b33
  article-title: MPM simulation of interacting fluids and solids
  publication-title: Computer graphics forum
– volume: Vol. 43
  year: 2024
  ident: b23
  article-title: A multi-layer solver for XPBD
  publication-title: Computer graphics forum
– volume: 24
  start-page: 625
  year: 2008
  end-page: 633
  ident: b46
  article-title: Inversion handling for stable deformable modeling
  publication-title: Vis Comput
– volume: 24
  start-page: 965
  year: 2005
  end-page: 972
  ident: b30
  article-title: Animating sand as a fluid
  publication-title: ACM Trans Graph
– volume: 33
  start-page: 1
  year: 2014
  end-page: 12
  ident: b13
  article-title: Unified particle physics for real-time applications
  publication-title: ACM Trans Graph
– volume: 110
  start-page: 1
  year: 2023
  end-page: 10
  ident: b5
  article-title: Parallel block Neo-Hookean XPBD using graph clustering
  publication-title: Comput Graph
– year: 2024
  ident: b43
  article-title: 3D Boolean operations on nef polyhedra
  publication-title: CGAL user and reference manual
– volume: Vol. 1611
  start-page: 586
  year: 1992
  end-page: 606
  ident: b38
  article-title: Method for registration of 3-D shapes
  publication-title: Sensor fusion IV: control paradigms and data structures
– volume: 5
  start-page: 333
  year: 1999
  end-page: 348
  ident: b36
  article-title: Using linked volumes to model object collisions, deformation, cutting, carving, and joining
  publication-title: IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graphics
– year: 2013
  ident: b20
  article-title: Matrix computations
– start-page: 303
  year: 2012
  end-page: 318
  ident: b39
  article-title: Octree-based sparse voxelization using the GPU hardware rasterizer
  publication-title: OpenGL insights
– reference: Jones B, Martin A, Levine JA, Shinar T, Bargteil AW. Ductile fracture for clustered shape matching. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on interactive 3D graphics and games. 2016, p. 65–70.
– reference: Müller M, Bender J, Chentanez N, Macklin M. A robust method to extract the rotational part of deformations. In: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on motion in games. 2016, p. 55–60.
– volume: 17
  start-page: 1663
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1675
  ident: b37
  article-title: A hexahedral multigrid approach for simulating cuts in deformable objects
  publication-title: IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graphics
– reference: Mandal A, Chaudhuri P, Chaudhuri S. Simulating Fracture in Anisotropic Materials Containing Impurities. In: Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGGRAPH conference on motion, interaction and games. 2022, p. 1–10.
– volume: 34
  year: 2023
  ident: b14
  article-title: State-of-the-art improvements and applications of position based dynamics
  publication-title: Comput Animat Virtual Worlds
– reference: Dahl A, Bargteil A. Global momentum preservation for position-based dynamics. In: Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGGRAPH conference on motion, interaction and games. 2019, p. 1–5.
– reference: Müller M, Chentanez N. Solid simulation with oriented particles. In: ACM SIGGRAPH 2011 papers. 2011, p. 1–10.
– reference: Bender J, Müller M, Macklin M. A survey on position based dynamics, 2017. In: Proceedings of the European association for computer graphics: tutorials. 2017, p. 1–31.
– volume: 13
  start-page: 61
  year: 2008
  end-page: 69
  ident: b48
  article-title: Efficient GPU-based texture interpolation using uniform B-splines
  publication-title: J Graph Tools
– volume: 56
  start-page: 462
  year: 1994
  end-page: 478
  ident: b41
  article-title: Building skeleton models via 3-D medial surface axis thinning algorithms
  publication-title: CVGIP, Graph Models Image Process
– reference: Müller M, Chentanez N, Macklin M, Jeschke S. Long range constraints for rigid body simulations. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/eurographics symposium on computer animation. 2017, p. 1–10.
– volume: 36
  start-page: 1
  year: 2017
  end-page: 13
  ident: b28
  article-title: Robust extended finite elements for complex cutting of deformables
  publication-title: ACM Trans Graph
– volume: Vol. 41
  start-page: 1
  year: 2022
  end-page: 7
  ident: b18
  article-title: Physically based shape matching
  publication-title: Computer graphics forum
– volume: 24
  start-page: 471
  year: 2005
  end-page: 478
  ident: b15
  article-title: Meshless deformations based on shape matching
  publication-title: ACM Trans Graph
– volume: Vol. 28
  start-page: 375
  year: 2009
  end-page: 384
  ident: b45
  article-title: Fast BVH construction on GPUs
  publication-title: Computer graphics forum
– year: 2024
  ident: b8
  article-title: Gram-Schmidt voxel constraints for real-time destructible soft bodies
  publication-title: Proceedings of the 17th ACM SIGGRAPH conference on motion, interaction, and games
– volume: Vol. 3
  start-page: 383
  year: 2001
  end-page: 401
  ident: b11
  article-title: Advanced character physics
  publication-title: Game developers conference
– year: 2021
  ident: b40
  article-title: The distance transform and its computation
– year: 2018
  ident: b47
  article-title: Introduction to Turing mesh shaders
  publication-title: NVIDIA Dev Tech Blog
– reference: O’Brien JF, Hodgins JK. Graphical modeling and animation of brittle fracture. In: Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques. 1999, p. 137–46.
– reference: O’Brien JF, Bargteil AW, Hodgins JK. Graphical modeling and animation of ductile fracture. In: Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques. 2002, p. 291–4.
– volume: 18
  start-page: 109
  year: 2007
  end-page: 118
  ident: b12
  article-title: Position based dynamics
  publication-title: J Vis Commun Image Represent
– year: 2024
  ident: b7
  article-title: Mesh Mortal Kombat: Real-time voxelized soft-body destruction
  publication-title: ACM SIGGRAPH 2024 real-time live!
– volume: Vol. 43
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b23
  article-title: A multi-layer solver for XPBD
– year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b24
  article-title: Hierarchical position based dynamics
– volume: 38
  start-page: 1
  issue: 4
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b34
  article-title: CD-MPM: continuum damage material point methods for dynamic fracture animation
  publication-title: ACM Trans Graph
  doi: 10.1145/3306346.3322949
– volume: 32
  start-page: 1
  issue: 4
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b32
  article-title: A material point method for snow simulation
  publication-title: ACM Trans Graph
  doi: 10.1145/2461912.2461948
– volume: 34
  issue: 5
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b14
  article-title: State-of-the-art improvements and applications of position based dynamics
  publication-title: Comput Animat Virtual Worlds
  doi: 10.1002/cav.2143
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b1
  doi: 10.1145/1399504.1360646
– volume: Vol. 1611
  start-page: 586
  year: 1992
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b38
  article-title: Method for registration of 3-D shapes
– start-page: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b50
– year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b40
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b25
  doi: 10.1145/54852.378522
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b19
  doi: 10.1145/2994258.2994269
– year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b8
  article-title: Gram-Schmidt voxel constraints for real-time destructible soft bodies
– volume: 17
  start-page: 1663
  issue: 11
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b37
  article-title: A hexahedral multigrid approach for simulating cuts in deformable objects
  publication-title: IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graphics
  doi: 10.1109/TVCG.2010.268
– year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b42
– volume: 34
  start-page: 240
  issue: 6
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b4
  article-title: Position-based skinning for soft articulated characters
  publication-title: Comput Graph Forum
  doi: 10.1111/cgf.12533
– start-page: 26
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b2
  article-title: Physically-based simulation of objects represented by surface meshes
– volume: 13
  start-page: 61
  issue: 4
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b48
  article-title: Efficient GPU-based texture interpolation using uniform B-splines
  publication-title: J Graph Tools
  doi: 10.1080/2151237X.2008.10129269
– volume: 37
  start-page: 1
  issue: 4
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b49
  article-title: A moving least squares material point method with displacement discontinuity and two-way rigid body coupling
  publication-title: ACM Trans Graph
– volume: 18
  start-page: 109
  issue: 2
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b12
  article-title: Position based dynamics
  publication-title: J Vis Commun Image Represent
  doi: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2007.01.005
– volume: Vol. 28
  start-page: 375
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b45
  article-title: Fast BVH construction on GPUs
– volume: Vol. 41
  start-page: 1
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b18
  article-title: Physically based shape matching
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b21
  doi: 10.1145/3359566.3360078
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b26
  doi: 10.1145/566570.566579
– year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b43
  article-title: 3D Boolean operations on nef polyhedra
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b10
– volume: 56
  start-page: 462
  issue: 6
  year: 1994
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b41
  article-title: Building skeleton models via 3-D medial surface axis thinning algorithms
  publication-title: CVGIP, Graph Models Image Process
  doi: 10.1006/cgip.1994.1042
– year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b7
  article-title: Mesh Mortal Kombat: Real-time voxelized soft-body destruction
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b29
  doi: 10.1145/2897826.2927348
– volume: 24
  start-page: 625
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b46
  article-title: Inversion handling for stable deformable modeling
  publication-title: Vis Comput
  doi: 10.1007/s00371-008-0243-y
– year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b51
– volume: Vol. 37
  start-page: 183
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b33
  article-title: MPM simulation of interacting fluids and solids
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b9
  doi: 10.1145/37401.37427
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b6
  doi: 10.1145/3487983.3488289
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b31
  doi: 10.1145/3561975.3562956
– year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b47
  article-title: Introduction to Turing mesh shaders
  publication-title: NVIDIA Dev Tech Blog
– volume: 24
  start-page: 965
  issue: 3
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b30
  article-title: Animating sand as a fluid
  publication-title: ACM Trans Graph
  doi: 10.1145/1073204.1073298
– volume: Vol. 3
  start-page: 383
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b11
  article-title: Advanced character physics
– volume: 2
  start-page: 1
  issue: 2
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b35
  article-title: Simulation and visualization of ductile fracture with the material point method
  publication-title: Proc ACM Comput Graph Interact Tech
  doi: 10.1145/3340259
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b27
  doi: 10.1145/311535.311550
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b22
  doi: 10.1145/3099564.3099574
– volume: 33
  start-page: 1
  issue: 4
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b13
  article-title: Unified particle physics for real-time applications
  publication-title: ACM Trans Graph
  doi: 10.1145/2601097.2601152
– volume: 5
  start-page: 333
  issue: 4
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b36
  article-title: Using linked volumes to model object collisions, deformation, cutting, carving, and joining
  publication-title: IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graphics
  doi: 10.1109/2945.817350
– start-page: 303
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b39
  article-title: Octree-based sparse voxelization using the GPU hardware rasterizer
– volume: 24
  start-page: 471
  issue: 3
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b15
  article-title: Meshless deformations based on shape matching
  publication-title: ACM Trans Graph
  doi: 10.1145/1073204.1073216
– volume: 36
  start-page: 1
  issue: 4
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b28
  article-title: Robust extended finite elements for complex cutting of deformables
  publication-title: ACM Trans Graph
  doi: 10.1145/3072959.3073666
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b17
  doi: 10.1145/2856400.2856415
– volume: Vol. 15
  start-page: 249
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b44
  article-title: Interactive rendering of CSG models
– year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b20
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b16
  doi: 10.1145/1964921.1964987
– ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b3
– volume: 110
  start-page: 1
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382_b5
  article-title: Parallel block Neo-Hookean XPBD using graph clustering
  publication-title: Comput Graph
  doi: 10.1016/j.cag.2022.10.009
SSID ssj0002264
Score 2.4122286
Snippet Much previous research about fracture of deformable bodies has focused on physical principles (e.g. energy and mass conservation), leading to simulation...
SourceID crossref
elsevier
SourceType Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 104382
SubjectTerms Animation
Fracture
Parallel programming
Physics
Simulation
Title Real-time voxelized mesh fracture with Gram–Schmidt constraints
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2025.104382
Volume 132
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVESC
  databaseName: ScienceDirect (Freedom Collection)
  issn: 0097-8493
  databaseCode: AIEXJ
  dateStart: 19950101
  customDbUrl:
  isFulltext: true
  dateEnd: 99991231
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0002264
  providerName: Elsevier
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1LS-RAEG5cH7B7WHRUdFclB08OkZmkk04fB9FVQRFnhLmF6ZdGNCOT0Z3d0_6H_Yf-kq1-JBN8gAp7CaEhnVBfp_Kluqo-hLZ1o2xMZMtnVAofA8H3EyGoLwiAz3hMg4QbsQlyepr0-_TMiSkWRk6A5HkymdC7_wo1jAHYunT2HXBXk8IAnAPocATY4fgm4M-B-vlaMr75MJzIm-w3UMpbWVw1lS6I0vsFJvb6YwRLwWU6hF1-dZuJsc5BL4xohO3vVLUwcNIPhVkopsd1LUn-hMNcPx3w00D08F4P9bP8V1YPLQSRq7Gr4l1lzcs0wcj4UArfNWx1DSsfaoOUz_yxDQ1cw7_25a6-g95SDq3a0JM2111TUQLTAicDXhGST2guIBEFTzXXOdrvH1ffV136a3uL2uco96pN1t6TG73MNmoMoreIvjrq73UsZEtoRuYN9KXWELKBFkxCLi-WUaeC0atg9DSMXgmjp2H0NIyPf_46AL0agCvo4mC_t3foO7kLn7fjeOyHWOh2_DSIWdxWmNGQgcPFDOugrwJm2JLAjpVoRTwaBIqIdgSvH6GtkCglgYGsotl8mMs15ClGGBFkgHnCsJSKSSKk4qHCgxDHYrCOdkqzpHe2q0lapvtdp2DDVNswtTZcR7g0XOpomaVbKaD8-mXfPnbZd_R5uhQ30Ox4dC830Tx_GGfFaMuthX92x1qS
linkProvider Elsevier
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Real-time+voxelized+mesh+fracture+with+Gram%E2%80%93Schmidt+constraints&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+graphics&rft.au=McGraw%2C+Tim&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Xinyi&rft.date=2025-11-01&rft.pub=Elsevier+Ltd&rft.issn=0097-8493&rft.volume=132&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cag.2025.104382&rft.externalDocID=S0097849325002237
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0097-8493&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0097-8493&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0097-8493&client=summon