Recurrent neural circuits for perceptual grouping

Neurons in the visual cortex are sensitive to context: Responses to stimuli presented within their classical receptive fields (CRFs) are modulated by stimuli in their surrounding extra-classical receptive fields (eCRFs). However, the circuits underlying these contextual effects are not well understo...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of vision (Charlottesville, Va.) Jg. 22; H. 14; S. 3185
1. Verfasser: Serre, Thomas
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology 05.12.2022
Schlagworte:
Computer Science
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
ISSN:1534-7362, 1534-7362
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Zusammenfassung:Neurons in the visual cortex are sensitive to context: Responses to stimuli presented within their classical receptive fields (CRFs) are modulated by stimuli in their surrounding extra-classical receptive fields (eCRFs). However, the circuits underlying these contextual effects are not well understood, and little is known about how these circuits drive perception during everyday vision. We tackle these questions by approximating circuit-level eCRF models with a differentiable discrete-time recurrent neural network that is trainable with gradient-descent. After optimizing model synaptic connectivity and dynamics for object contour detection in natural images, the neural-circuit model rivals human observers on the task with far better sample efficiency than state-of-the-art computer vision approaches. Notably, the model also exhibits CRF and eCRF phenomena typically associated with primate vision. The model’s ability to accurately detect object contours also critically depends on these effects, and these contextual effects are not found in ablated versions of the model. Finally, we derive testable predictions about the neural mechanisms responsible for contextual integration and illustrate their importance for accurate and efficient perceptual grouping.
ISSN:1534-7362
1534-7362
DOI:10.1167/jov.22.14.3185