Advanced Monitoring of H 2 S Injection through the Coupling of Reactive Transport Models and Geophysical Responses
Hydrogen sulfide (H S), an environmentally harmful pollutant, is a byproduct of geothermal energy production. To reduce the H S emissions, H S-charged water is injected into the basaltic subsurface, where it mineralizes to iron sulfides. Here, we couple geophysical induced polarization (IP) measurem...
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| Vydáno v: | Environmental science & technology Ročník 58; číslo 25; s. 11128 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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United States
25.06.2024
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| ISSN: | 1520-5851 |
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| Abstract | Hydrogen sulfide (H
S), an environmentally harmful pollutant, is a byproduct of geothermal energy production. To reduce the H
S emissions, H
S-charged water is injected into the basaltic subsurface, where it mineralizes to iron sulfides. Here, we couple geophysical induced polarization (IP) measurements in H
S injection wells and geochemical reactive transport models (RTM) to monitor the H
S storage efforts in the subsurface of Nesjavellir, one of Iceland's most productive geothermal fields. An increase in the IP response after 40 days of injection indicates iron-sulfide formation near the injection well. Likewise, the RTM shows that iron sulfides readily form at circumneutral to alkaline pH conditions, and the iron supply from basalt dissolution limits its formation. Agreement in the trends of the magnitude and distribution of iron-sulfide formation between IP and RTM suggests that coupling the methods can improve the monitoring of H
S mineralization by providing insight into the parameters influencing iron-sulfide formation. In particular, accurate fluid flow parameters in RTMs are critical to validate the predictions of the spatial distribution of subsurface iron-sulfide formation over time obtained through IP observations. This work establishes a foundation for expanding H
S sequestration monitoring efforts and a framework for coupling geophysical and geochemical site evaluations in environmental studies. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Hydrogen sulfide (H
S), an environmentally harmful pollutant, is a byproduct of geothermal energy production. To reduce the H
S emissions, H
S-charged water is injected into the basaltic subsurface, where it mineralizes to iron sulfides. Here, we couple geophysical induced polarization (IP) measurements in H
S injection wells and geochemical reactive transport models (RTM) to monitor the H
S storage efforts in the subsurface of Nesjavellir, one of Iceland's most productive geothermal fields. An increase in the IP response after 40 days of injection indicates iron-sulfide formation near the injection well. Likewise, the RTM shows that iron sulfides readily form at circumneutral to alkaline pH conditions, and the iron supply from basalt dissolution limits its formation. Agreement in the trends of the magnitude and distribution of iron-sulfide formation between IP and RTM suggests that coupling the methods can improve the monitoring of H
S mineralization by providing insight into the parameters influencing iron-sulfide formation. In particular, accurate fluid flow parameters in RTMs are critical to validate the predictions of the spatial distribution of subsurface iron-sulfide formation over time obtained through IP observations. This work establishes a foundation for expanding H
S sequestration monitoring efforts and a framework for coupling geophysical and geochemical site evaluations in environmental studies. |
| Author | Ciraula, Daniel A Lévy, Léa Galeczka, Iwona M Kleine-Marshall, Barbara I |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Daniel A orcidid: 0000-0003-4884-5291 surname: Ciraula fullname: Ciraula, Daniel A organization: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík 101, Iceland – sequence: 2 givenname: Barbara I surname: Kleine-Marshall fullname: Kleine-Marshall, Barbara I organization: GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Schlossgarten 5, Erlangen-Nuremberg 91054, Germany – sequence: 3 givenname: Iwona M surname: Galeczka fullname: Galeczka, Iwona M organization: Carbfix, HöfĐabakki 9D, Reykjavík 110, Iceland – sequence: 4 givenname: Léa orcidid: 0000-0001-5214-467X surname: Lévy fullname: Lévy, Léa organization: Engineering Geology, Lund University, Lund Box 117 SE-221 00, Sweden |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38857430$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | basalt mineral storage wireline logging hydrogen sulfide induced polarization geothermal wastewater pyrite |
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| Snippet | Hydrogen sulfide (H
S), an environmentally harmful pollutant, is a byproduct of geothermal energy production. To reduce the H
S emissions, H
S-charged water is... |
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| SubjectTerms | Environmental Monitoring - methods Hydrogen Sulfide - chemistry Iceland Iron - chemistry |
| Title | Advanced Monitoring of H 2 S Injection through the Coupling of Reactive Transport Models and Geophysical Responses |
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