TIGIT is upregulated by HIV-1 infection and marks a highly functional adaptive and mature subset of natural killer cells

Objective: Our objective was to investigate the mechanisms that govern natural killer (NK) cell responses to HIV, with a focus on specific receptor-ligand interactions involved in HIV recognition by NK cells. Design and Methods: We first performed a mass cytometry-based screen of NK cell receptor ex...

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Published in:bioRxiv
Main Authors: Vendrame, Elena, Seiler, Christof, Ranganath, Thanmayi, Zhao, Nancy Q, Vergara, Rosemary, Alary, Michel, Labbé, Annie Claude, Guédou, Fernand, Poudrier, Johanne, Holmes, Susan, Michel, Roger, Blish, Catherine A
Format: Paper
Language:English
Published: Cold Spring Harbor Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 10.09.2019
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Edition:1.1
Subjects:
CD226 antigen
CD4 antigen
Cell recognition
Cytometry
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Immunoglobulins
Immunology
Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif
Ionomycin
Lymphocytes T
Natural killer cells
NKG2 antigen
Phenotypes
adaptive
NK cells
HIV
TIGIT
mature
ISSN:2692-8205, 2692-8205
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Summary:Objective: Our objective was to investigate the mechanisms that govern natural killer (NK) cell responses to HIV, with a focus on specific receptor-ligand interactions involved in HIV recognition by NK cells. Design and Methods: We first performed a mass cytometry-based screen of NK cell receptor expression patterns in healthy controls and HIV+ individuals. We then focused mechanistic studies on the expression and function of T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT). Results: The mass cytometry screen revealed that TIGIT is upregulated on NK cells of untreated HIV+ women, but not in antiretroviral-treated women. TIGIT is an inhibitory receptor that is thought to mark exhausted NK cells; however, blocking TIGIT did not improve anti-HIV NK cell responses. In fact, the TIGIT ligands CD112 and CD155 were not upregulated on CD4+ T cells in vitro or in vivo, providing an explanation for the lack of benefit from TIGIT blockade. TIGIT expression marked a unique subset of NK cells that express significantly higher levels of NK cell activating receptors (DNAM-1, NTB-A, 2B4, CD2) and exhibit a mature/adaptive phenotype (CD57hi, NKG2Chi, LILRB1hi, FcRγlo, Syklo). Furthermore, TIGIT+ NK cells had increased responses to mock-infected and HIV-infected autologous CD4+ T cells, and to PMA/ionomycin, cytokine stimulation and the K562 cancer cell line. Conclusions: TIGIT expression is increased on NK cells from untreated HIV+ individuals. Although TIGIT does not participate directly in NK cell recognition of HIV, it marks a population of mature/adaptive NK cells with increased functional responses.
Bibliography:SourceType-Working Papers-1
ObjectType-Working Paper/Pre-Print-1
content type line 50
ISSN:2692-8205
2692-8205
DOI:10.1101/764217