Melatonin: Pharmacology, Functions and Therapeutic Benefits

Melatonin synchronizes central but also peripheral oscillators (fetal adrenal gland, pancreas, liver, kidney, heart, lung, fat, gut, etc.), allowing temporal organization of biological functions through circadian rhythms (24-hour cycles) in relation to periodic environmental changes and therefore ad...

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Vydáno v:	Current neuropharmacology Ročník 15; číslo 3; s. 434
Hlavní autoři:	Tordjman, Sylvie, Chokron, Sylvie, Delorme, Richard, Charrier, Annaëlle, Bellissant, Eric, Jaafari, Nemat, Fougerou, Claire
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	United Arab Emirates 01.04.2017
Témata:	Animals Antioxidants - pharmacology Antioxidants - therapeutic use Brain - drug effects Brain - metabolism Circadian Rhythm - drug effects Circadian Rhythm - physiology Humans Melatonin - pharmacology Melatonin - therapeutic use Mental Disorders - drug therapy sleep-wake rhythm biological clocks clinical application synchronizer prevention and treatment Adaptation to external and internal environment biomarker melatonin central and peripheral oscillators
ISSN:	1875-6190, 1875-6190
On-line přístup:	Zjistit podrobnosti o přístupu
Tagy:	Přidat tag Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!

Abstract	Melatonin synchronizes central but also peripheral oscillators (fetal adrenal gland, pancreas, liver, kidney, heart, lung, fat, gut, etc.), allowing temporal organization of biological functions through circadian rhythms (24-hour cycles) in relation to periodic environmental changes and therefore adaptation of the individual to his/her internal and external environment. Measures of melatonin are considered the best peripheral indices of human circadian timing based on an internal 24-hour clock. First, the pharmacology of melatonin (biosynthesis and circadian rhythms, pharmacokinetics and mechanisms of action) is described, allowing a better understanding of the short and long term effects of melatonin following its immediate or prolonged release. Then, research related to the physiological effects of melatonin is reviewed. The physiological effects of melatonin are various and include detoxification of free radicals and antioxidant actions, bone formation and protection, reproduction, and cardiovascular, immune or body mass regulation. Also, protective and therapeutic effects of melatonin are reported, especially with regard to brain or gastrointestinal protection, psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular diseases and oncostatic effects. This review highlights the high number and diversity of major melatonin effects and opens important perspectives for measuring melatonin as a biomarker (biomarker of early identification of certain disorders and also biomarker of their follow-up) and using melatonin with clinical preventive and therapeutic applications in newborns, children and adults based on its physiological regulatory effects.
AbstractList	Melatonin synchronizes central but also peripheral oscillators (fetal adrenal gland, pancreas, liver, kidney, heart, lung, fat, gut, etc.), allowing temporal organization of biological functions through circadian rhythms (24-hour cycles) in relation to periodic environmental changes and therefore adaptation of the individual to his/her internal and external environment. Measures of melatonin are considered the best peripheral indices of human circadian timing based on an internal 24-hour clock.BACKGROUNDMelatonin synchronizes central but also peripheral oscillators (fetal adrenal gland, pancreas, liver, kidney, heart, lung, fat, gut, etc.), allowing temporal organization of biological functions through circadian rhythms (24-hour cycles) in relation to periodic environmental changes and therefore adaptation of the individual to his/her internal and external environment. Measures of melatonin are considered the best peripheral indices of human circadian timing based on an internal 24-hour clock.First, the pharmacology of melatonin (biosynthesis and circadian rhythms, pharmacokinetics and mechanisms of action) is described, allowing a better understanding of the short and long term effects of melatonin following its immediate or prolonged release. Then, research related to the physiological effects of melatonin is reviewed.METHODSFirst, the pharmacology of melatonin (biosynthesis and circadian rhythms, pharmacokinetics and mechanisms of action) is described, allowing a better understanding of the short and long term effects of melatonin following its immediate or prolonged release. Then, research related to the physiological effects of melatonin is reviewed.The physiological effects of melatonin are various and include detoxification of free radicals and antioxidant actions, bone formation and protection, reproduction, and cardiovascular, immune or body mass regulation. Also, protective and therapeutic effects of melatonin are reported, especially with regard to brain or gastrointestinal protection, psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular diseases and oncostatic effects.RESULTSThe physiological effects of melatonin are various and include detoxification of free radicals and antioxidant actions, bone formation and protection, reproduction, and cardiovascular, immune or body mass regulation. Also, protective and therapeutic effects of melatonin are reported, especially with regard to brain or gastrointestinal protection, psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular diseases and oncostatic effects.This review highlights the high number and diversity of major melatonin effects and opens important perspectives for measuring melatonin as a biomarker (biomarker of early identification of certain disorders and also biomarker of their follow-up) and using melatonin with clinical preventive and therapeutic applications in newborns, children and adults based on its physiological regulatory effects.CONCLUSIONThis review highlights the high number and diversity of major melatonin effects and opens important perspectives for measuring melatonin as a biomarker (biomarker of early identification of certain disorders and also biomarker of their follow-up) and using melatonin with clinical preventive and therapeutic applications in newborns, children and adults based on its physiological regulatory effects. Melatonin synchronizes central but also peripheral oscillators (fetal adrenal gland, pancreas, liver, kidney, heart, lung, fat, gut, etc.), allowing temporal organization of biological functions through circadian rhythms (24-hour cycles) in relation to periodic environmental changes and therefore adaptation of the individual to his/her internal and external environment. Measures of melatonin are considered the best peripheral indices of human circadian timing based on an internal 24-hour clock. First, the pharmacology of melatonin (biosynthesis and circadian rhythms, pharmacokinetics and mechanisms of action) is described, allowing a better understanding of the short and long term effects of melatonin following its immediate or prolonged release. Then, research related to the physiological effects of melatonin is reviewed. The physiological effects of melatonin are various and include detoxification of free radicals and antioxidant actions, bone formation and protection, reproduction, and cardiovascular, immune or body mass regulation. Also, protective and therapeutic effects of melatonin are reported, especially with regard to brain or gastrointestinal protection, psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular diseases and oncostatic effects. This review highlights the high number and diversity of major melatonin effects and opens important perspectives for measuring melatonin as a biomarker (biomarker of early identification of certain disorders and also biomarker of their follow-up) and using melatonin with clinical preventive and therapeutic applications in newborns, children and adults based on its physiological regulatory effects.
Author	Fougerou, Claire Charrier, Annaëlle Delorme, Richard Chokron, Sylvie Tordjman, Sylvie Jaafari, Nemat Bellissant, Eric
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Sylvie surname: Tordjman fullname: Tordjman, Sylvie organization: Laboratory of Psychology of Perception, CNRS UMR 8158, Paris 75270, France – sequence: 2 givenname: Sylvie surname: Chokron fullname: Chokron, Sylvie organization: Laboratory of Psychology of Perception, CNRS UMR 8158, Paris 75270, France – sequence: 3 givenname: Richard surname: Delorme fullname: Delorme, Richard organization: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris 75019, France – sequence: 4 givenname: Annaëlle surname: Charrier fullname: Charrier, Annaëlle organization: Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Guillaume Régnier Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35000, France – sequence: 5 givenname: Eric surname: Bellissant fullname: Bellissant, Eric organization: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35033, France – sequence: 6 givenname: Nemat surname: Jaafari fullname: Jaafari, Nemat organization: INSERM U 1084 Laboratoire expérimental et clinique en Neurosciences, University of Poitiers, Poitiers 86022, France – sequence: 7 givenname: Claire surname: Fougerou fullname: Fougerou, Claire organization: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Rennes 35033, France
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28503116$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	Melatonin synchronizes central but also peripheral oscillators (fetal adrenal gland, pancreas, liver, kidney, heart, lung, fat, gut, etc.), allowing temporal...
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SubjectTerms	Animals Antioxidants - pharmacology Antioxidants - therapeutic use Brain - drug effects Brain - metabolism Circadian Rhythm - drug effects Circadian Rhythm - physiology Humans Melatonin - pharmacology Melatonin - therapeutic use Mental Disorders - drug therapy
Title	Melatonin: Pharmacology, Functions and Therapeutic Benefits
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