Global incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundNeonates are at major risk of sepsis, but data on neonatal sepsis incidence are scarce. We aimed to assess the incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis worldwide.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. 13 databases were searched for the period January 1979–May 2019, up...

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Vydané v:	Archives of disease in childhood Ročník 106; číslo 8; s. 745 - 752
Hlavní autori:	Fleischmann, Carolin, Reichert, Felix, Cassini, Alessandro, Horner, Rosa, Harder, Thomas, Markwart, Robby, Tröndle, Marc, Savova, Yoanna, Kissoon, Niranjan, Schlattmann, Peter, Reinhart, Konrad, Allegranzi, Benedetta, Eckmanns, Tim
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	England BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health 01.08.2021 BMJ Publishing Group LTD BMJ Publishing Group
Predmet:	Age Attrition (Research Studies) Bacterial infections Bias Birth weight Births Body Weight Definitions Developing Countries - statistics & numerical data Epidemiology Global Child Health Global Health - statistics & numerical data Heterogeneity Hospitals Humans Incidence Income Infant Mortality - trends Infant, Newborn Infections Information Seeking Low Income Low income groups Meta Analysis Mortality Native Speakers Neonatal Sepsis - epidemiology Neonatal Sepsis - mortality Neonates neonatology Newborn babies Observation Pediatrics Population studies Search Strategies Selection Criteria Sepsis Systematic review mortality epidemiology neonatology
ISSN:	0003-9888, 1468-2044, 1468-2044
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Abstract	BackgroundNeonates are at major risk of sepsis, but data on neonatal sepsis incidence are scarce. We aimed to assess the incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis worldwide.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. 13 databases were searched for the period January 1979–May 2019, updating the search of a previous systematic review and extending it in order to increase data inputs from low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We included studies on the population-level neonatal sepsis incidence that used a clinical sepsis definition, such as the 2005 consensus definition, or relevant ICD codes. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis on neonatal sepsis incidence and mortality, stratified according to sepsis onset, birth weight, prematurity, study setting, WHO region and World Bank income level.ResultsThe search yielded 4737 publications, of which 26 were included. They accounted for 2 797 879 live births and 29 608 sepsis cases in 14 countries, most of which were middle-income countries. Random-effects estimator for neonatal sepsis incidence in the overall time frame was 2824 (95% CI 1892 to 4194) cases per 100 000 live births, of which an estimated 17.6% 9 (95% CI 10.3% to 28.6%) died. In the last decade (2009–2018), the incidence was 3930 (95% CI 1937 to 7812) per 100 000 live births based on four studies from LMICs. In the overall time frame, estimated incidence and mortality was higher in early-onset than late-onset neonatal sepsis cases. There was substantial between-study heterogeneity in all analyses. Studies were at moderate to high risk of bias.ConclusionNeonatal sepsis is common and often fatal. Its incidence remains unknown in most countries and existing studies show marked heterogeneity, indicating the need to increase the number of epidemiological studies, harmonise neonatal sepsis definitions and improve the quality of research in this field. This can help to design and implement targeted interventions, which are urgently needed to reduce the high incidence of neonatal sepsis worldwide.
AbstractList	BackgroundNeonates are at major risk of sepsis, but data on neonatal sepsis incidence are scarce. We aimed to assess the incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis worldwide.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. 13 databases were searched for the period January 1979–May 2019, updating the search of a previous systematic review and extending it in order to increase data inputs from low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We included studies on the population-level neonatal sepsis incidence that used a clinical sepsis definition, such as the 2005 consensus definition, or relevant ICD codes. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis on neonatal sepsis incidence and mortality, stratified according to sepsis onset, birth weight, prematurity, study setting, WHO region and World Bank income level.ResultsThe search yielded 4737 publications, of which 26 were included. They accounted for 2 797 879 live births and 29 608 sepsis cases in 14 countries, most of which were middle-income countries. Random-effects estimator for neonatal sepsis incidence in the overall time frame was 2824 (95% CI 1892 to 4194) cases per 100 000 live births, of which an estimated 17.6% 9 (95% CI 10.3% to 28.6%) died. In the last decade (2009–2018), the incidence was 3930 (95% CI 1937 to 7812) per 100 000 live births based on four studies from LMICs. In the overall time frame, estimated incidence and mortality was higher in early-onset than late-onset neonatal sepsis cases. There was substantial between-study heterogeneity in all analyses. Studies were at moderate to high risk of bias.ConclusionNeonatal sepsis is common and often fatal. Its incidence remains unknown in most countries and existing studies show marked heterogeneity, indicating the need to increase the number of epidemiological studies, harmonise neonatal sepsis definitions and improve the quality of research in this field. This can help to design and implement targeted interventions, which are urgently needed to reduce the high incidence of neonatal sepsis worldwide. Neonates are at major risk of sepsis, but data on neonatal sepsis incidence are scarce. We aimed to assess the incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis worldwide.BACKGROUNDNeonates are at major risk of sepsis, but data on neonatal sepsis incidence are scarce. We aimed to assess the incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis worldwide.We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. 13 databases were searched for the period January 1979-May 2019, updating the search of a previous systematic review and extending it in order to increase data inputs from low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We included studies on the population-level neonatal sepsis incidence that used a clinical sepsis definition, such as the 2005 consensus definition, or relevant ICD codes. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis on neonatal sepsis incidence and mortality, stratified according to sepsis onset, birth weight, prematurity, study setting, WHO region and World Bank income level.METHODSWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. 13 databases were searched for the period January 1979-May 2019, updating the search of a previous systematic review and extending it in order to increase data inputs from low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We included studies on the population-level neonatal sepsis incidence that used a clinical sepsis definition, such as the 2005 consensus definition, or relevant ICD codes. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis on neonatal sepsis incidence and mortality, stratified according to sepsis onset, birth weight, prematurity, study setting, WHO region and World Bank income level.The search yielded 4737 publications, of which 26 were included. They accounted for 2 797 879 live births and 29 608 sepsis cases in 14 countries, most of which were middle-income countries. Random-effects estimator for neonatal sepsis incidence in the overall time frame was 2824 (95% CI 1892 to 4194) cases per 100 000 live births, of which an estimated 17.6% 9 (95% CI 10.3% to 28.6%) died. In the last decade (2009-2018), the incidence was 3930 (95% CI 1937 to 7812) per 100 000 live births based on four studies from LMICs. In the overall time frame, estimated incidence and mortality was higher in early-onset than late-onset neonatal sepsis cases. There was substantial between-study heterogeneity in all analyses. Studies were at moderate to high risk of bias.RESULTSThe search yielded 4737 publications, of which 26 were included. They accounted for 2 797 879 live births and 29 608 sepsis cases in 14 countries, most of which were middle-income countries. Random-effects estimator for neonatal sepsis incidence in the overall time frame was 2824 (95% CI 1892 to 4194) cases per 100 000 live births, of which an estimated 17.6% 9 (95% CI 10.3% to 28.6%) died. In the last decade (2009-2018), the incidence was 3930 (95% CI 1937 to 7812) per 100 000 live births based on four studies from LMICs. In the overall time frame, estimated incidence and mortality was higher in early-onset than late-onset neonatal sepsis cases. There was substantial between-study heterogeneity in all analyses. Studies were at moderate to high risk of bias.Neonatal sepsis is common and often fatal. Its incidence remains unknown in most countries and existing studies show marked heterogeneity, indicating the need to increase the number of epidemiological studies, harmonise neonatal sepsis definitions and improve the quality of research in this field. This can help to design and implement targeted interventions, which are urgently needed to reduce the high incidence of neonatal sepsis worldwide.CONCLUSIONNeonatal sepsis is common and often fatal. Its incidence remains unknown in most countries and existing studies show marked heterogeneity, indicating the need to increase the number of epidemiological studies, harmonise neonatal sepsis definitions and improve the quality of research in this field. This can help to design and implement targeted interventions, which are urgently needed to reduce the high incidence of neonatal sepsis worldwide. Neonates are at major risk of sepsis, but data on neonatal sepsis incidence are scarce. We aimed to assess the incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis worldwide. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. 13 databases were searched for the period January 1979-May 2019, updating the search of a previous systematic review and extending it in order to increase data inputs from low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We included studies on the population-level neonatal sepsis incidence that used a clinical sepsis definition, such as the 2005 consensus definition, or relevant ICD codes. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis on neonatal sepsis incidence and mortality, stratified according to sepsis onset, birth weight, prematurity, study setting, WHO region and World Bank income level. The search yielded 4737 publications, of which 26 were included. They accounted for 2 797 879 live births and 29 608 sepsis cases in 14 countries, most of which were middle-income countries. Random-effects estimator for neonatal sepsis incidence in the overall time frame was 2824 (95% CI 1892 to 4194) cases per 100 000 live births, of which an estimated 17.6% 9 (95% CI 10.3% to 28.6%) died. In the last decade (2009-2018), the incidence was 3930 (95% CI 1937 to 7812) per 100 000 live births based on four studies from LMICs. In the overall time frame, estimated incidence and mortality was higher in early-onset than late-onset neonatal sepsis cases. There was substantial between-study heterogeneity in all analyses. Studies were at moderate to high risk of bias. Neonatal sepsis is common and often fatal. Its incidence remains unknown in most countries and existing studies show marked heterogeneity, indicating the need to increase the number of epidemiological studies, harmonise neonatal sepsis definitions and improve the quality of research in this field. This can help to design and implement targeted interventions, which are urgently needed to reduce the high incidence of neonatal sepsis worldwide.
Author	Allegranzi, Benedetta Markwart, Robby Eckmanns, Tim Reichert, Felix Reinhart, Konrad Fleischmann, Carolin Schlattmann, Peter Horner, Rosa Tröndle, Marc Kissoon, Niranjan Harder, Thomas Savova, Yoanna Cassini, Alessandro
AuthorAffiliation	9 Institute for Medical Statistics, Computer Science and Data Science , Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany 7 Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine , Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany 1 Center for Sepsis Control and Care , Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany 4 Postgraduate Training for Applied Epidemiology (PAE) , Robert Koch Institute , Berlin , Germany 8 University of British Columbia and British Columbia Children’s Hospital , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada 2 Institute of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control , Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany 5 European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET) , European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) , Stockholm , Sweden 6 Infection Prevention and Control Hub, Integrated Health Services , World Health Organization HQ , Geneva , GE , Switzerland 3 Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology , Robert Koch Institute , Berlin , Berlin , Germany 10 Department of Anesthesiolog
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 1 Center for Sepsis Control and Care , Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany – name: 2 Institute of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control , Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany – name: 3 Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology , Robert Koch Institute , Berlin , Berlin , Germany – name: 5 European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET) , European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) , Stockholm , Sweden – name: 7 Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine , Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany – name: 9 Institute for Medical Statistics, Computer Science and Data Science , Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany – name: 4 Postgraduate Training for Applied Epidemiology (PAE) , Robert Koch Institute , Berlin , Germany – name: 10 Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK) , Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Berlin , Germany – name: 6 Infection Prevention and Control Hub, Integrated Health Services , World Health Organization HQ , Geneva , GE , Switzerland – name: 8 University of British Columbia and British Columbia Children’s Hospital , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Carolin orcidid: 0000-0002-1104-3191 surname: Fleischmann fullname: Fleischmann, Carolin email: carolin.fleischmann@med.uni organization: Institute of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany – sequence: 2 givenname: Felix orcidid: 0000-0003-3205-3513 surname: Reichert fullname: Reichert, Felix organization: European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden – sequence: 3 givenname: Alessandro orcidid: 0000-0002-7973-6445 surname: Cassini fullname: Cassini, Alessandro organization: Infection Prevention and Control Hub, Integrated Health Services, World Health Organization HQ, Geneva, GE, Switzerland – sequence: 4 givenname: Rosa surname: Horner fullname: Horner, Rosa organization: Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Berlin, Germany – sequence: 5 givenname: Thomas surname: Harder fullname: Harder, Thomas organization: Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Berlin, Germany – sequence: 6 givenname: Robby orcidid: 0000-0003-0338-3433 surname: Markwart fullname: Markwart, Robby organization: Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany – sequence: 7 givenname: Marc orcidid: 0000-0002-2364-8112 surname: Tröndle fullname: Tröndle, Marc organization: Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Berlin, Germany – sequence: 8 givenname: Yoanna surname: Savova fullname: Savova, Yoanna organization: Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Berlin, Germany – sequence: 9 givenname: Niranjan orcidid: 0000-0001-8847-9973 surname: Kissoon fullname: Kissoon, Niranjan organization: University of British Columbia and British Columbia Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada – sequence: 10 givenname: Peter orcidid: 0000-0001-7420-7707 surname: Schlattmann fullname: Schlattmann, Peter organization: Institute for Medical Statistics, Computer Science and Data Science, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany – sequence: 11 givenname: Konrad orcidid: 0000-0002-8012-6548 surname: Reinhart fullname: Reinhart, Konrad organization: Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany – sequence: 12 givenname: Benedetta surname: Allegranzi fullname: Allegranzi, Benedetta organization: Infection Prevention and Control Hub, Integrated Health Services, World Health Organization HQ, Geneva, GE, Switzerland – sequence: 13 givenname: Tim surname: Eckmanns fullname: Eckmanns, Tim organization: Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Snippet	BackgroundNeonates are at major risk of sepsis, but data on neonatal sepsis incidence are scarce. We aimed to assess the incidence and mortality of neonatal... Neonates are at major risk of sepsis, but data on neonatal sepsis incidence are scarce. We aimed to assess the incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis...
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SubjectTerms	Age Attrition (Research Studies) Bacterial infections Bias Birth weight Births Body Weight Definitions Developing Countries - statistics & numerical data Epidemiology Global Child Health Global Health - statistics & numerical data Heterogeneity Hospitals Humans Incidence Income Infant Mortality - trends Infant, Newborn Infections Information Seeking Low Income Low income groups Meta Analysis Mortality Native Speakers Neonatal Sepsis - epidemiology Neonatal Sepsis - mortality Neonates neonatology Newborn babies Observation Pediatrics Population studies Search Strategies Selection Criteria Sepsis Systematic review
Title	Global incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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