Treatments for dry age-related macular degeneration: therapeutic avenues, clinical trials and future directions

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the developed world. The identification of the central role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the pathogenesis of neovascular AMD and the introduction of anti-VEGF agents as gold-standard treatment...

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Vydáno v:British journal of ophthalmology Ročník 106; číslo 3; s. 297 - 304
Hlavní autoři: Cabral de Guimaraes, Thales Antonio, Daich Varela, Malena, Georgiou, Michalis, Michaelides, Michel
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 01.03.2022
BMJ Publishing Group LTD
BMJ Publishing Group
Témata:
angiogenesis
Angiogenesis Inhibitors - therapeutic use
Antioxidants
Clinical trials
degeneration
Fatty acids
Genes
genetics
Geographic Atrophy - therapy
GLP-1 receptor agonists
Health risk assessment
Humans
Lasers
macula
Macular degeneration
Older people
Oxidative stress
Pathogenesis
Pharmaceuticals
R&D
Research & development
retina
Review
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - genetics
Visual Acuity
Wet Macular Degeneration - drug therapy
United Kingdom > UK
Australia
United States > US
genetics
retina
angiogenesis
degeneration
macula
ISSN:0007-1161, 1468-2079, 1468-2079
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Popis
Shrnutí:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the developed world. The identification of the central role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the pathogenesis of neovascular AMD and the introduction of anti-VEGF agents as gold-standard treatment, have drastically changed its prognosis—something yet to be seen in dry AMD. Several therapeutic avenues with a wide variability of targets are currently being investigated in dry AMD. The approaches being investigated to reduce the rate of disease progression include, (1) drugs with antioxidative properties, (2) inhibitors of the complement cascade, (3) neuroprotective agents, (4) visual cycle inhibitors, (5) gene therapy and (6) cell-based therapies. A number of early phase clinical trials have provided promising results, with many more ongoing and anticipated in the near future. In this review, we aim to provide an update of the interventional trials to date and future prospects for the treatment of dry AMD.
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ISSN:0007-1161
1468-2079
1468-2079
DOI:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318452