Ephrin and Eph receptor signaling in female reproductive physiology and pathology

Ephrins are ligands of Eph receptors (Ephs); both of which are sorted into two classes, A and B. There are five types of ephrin-As (ephrin-A1–5) and three types of ephrin-Bs (ephrin-B1–3). Also, there are 10 types of EphAs (EphA1–10) and six types of EphBs (EphB1–6). Binding of ephrins to the Eph re...

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Published in:Biology of reproduction Vol. 104; no. 1; pp. 71 - 82
Main Authors: Adu-Gyamfi, Enoch Appiah, Czika, Armin, Liu, Tai-Hang, Gorleku, Philip Narteh, Fondjo, Linda Ahenkorah, Djankpa, Francis Tanam, Ding, Yu-Bin, Wang, Ying-Xiong
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Society for the Study of Reproduction 01.01.2021
Oxford University Press
Subjects:
Cell differentiation
Cervical cancer
Endometrial cancer
Endometrium
Eph receptor
ephrin
Fibroids
Kinases
Obstetrics
Ovarian cancer
Ovaries
ovary
Pathology
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Placenta
Preeclampsia
REVIEW
Stein-Leventhal syndrome
endometrium
placenta
ovary
preeclampsia
Eph receptor
ephrin
ISSN:0006-3363, 1529-7268, 1529-7268
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Ephrins are ligands of Eph receptors (Ephs); both of which are sorted into two classes, A and B. There are five types of ephrin-As (ephrin-A1–5) and three types of ephrin-Bs (ephrin-B1–3). Also, there are 10 types of EphAs (EphA1–10) and six types of EphBs (EphB1–6). Binding of ephrins to the Eph receptors activates signaling cascades that regulate several biological processes such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, and vascular remodeling. Clarification of their roles in the female reproductive system is crucial to understanding the physiology and pathology of this system. Such knowledge will also create awareness regarding the importance of these molecules in diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic medicine. Hence, we have discussed the involvement of these molecules in the physiological and pathological events that occur within the female reproductive system. The evidence so far suggests that the ephrins and the Eph receptors modulate folliculogenesis, ovulation, embryo transport, implantation, and placentation. Abnormal expression of some of these molecules is associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome, ovarian cancer, tubal pregnancy, endometrial cancer, uterine leiomyoma (fibroids), cervical cancer, and preeclampsia, suggesting the need to utilize these molecules in the clinical setting. To enhance a quick development of this gradually emerging field in female reproductive medicine, we have highlighted some “gaps in knowledge” that need prospective investigation. Summary sentence The ephrin and Eph receptors are expressed throughout the female reproductive system, regulate the functioning of this system and associate with a number of obstetric and gynecologic disorders. Graphical Abstract
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ISSN:0006-3363
1529-7268
1529-7268
DOI:10.1093/biolre/ioaa171