Social and cultural influences on tobacco-related health disparities among South Asians in the USA

ObjectiveTo explore and understand key cultural contexts of tobacco use among South Asian communities in the USA.DesignFocus groups, with homogeneous compositions of gender, generational status and length of time in the USA, were conducted in two distinct South Asian ethnic enclaves. Focus group fin...

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Vydáno v:	Tobacco control Ročník 21; číslo 4; s. 422 - 428
Hlavní autoři:	Mukherjea, Arnab, Morgan, Patricia A, Snowden, Lonnie R, Ling, Pamela M, Ivey, Susan L
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	England BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 01.07.2012 BMJ Publishing Group BMJ Publishing Group LTD
Témata:	Adolescent Adult Aged Asia, Western - ethnology Asian people Asians Behavior Cardiovascular disease Community Cross-Cultural Comparison Cultural identity Cultural values Data analysis Demography Ethnic identity Female Focus Groups Gender Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Health risks Health Status Disparities Hookahs Humans Influence Male Middle Aged Migration Minority & ethnic groups Noncitizens Nuts Paan Population Qualitative study Researchers smokeless tobacco products Smoking - ethnology Social Class Social Values Socioeconomics South Asian culture Studies Surveillance Tobacco Tobacco products Tobacco use Tobacco, Smokeless Traditions Transients and Migrants - psychology United States - epidemiology Young Adult United States Asia, Western South Asia
ISSN:	0964-4563, 1468-3318, 1468-3318
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Abstract	ObjectiveTo explore and understand key cultural contexts of tobacco use among South Asian communities in the USA.DesignFocus groups, with homogeneous compositions of gender, generational status and length of time in the USA, were conducted in two distinct South Asian ethnic enclaves. Focus group findings were triangulated with observational data regarding the availability of culturally specific tobacco from commercial ethnic outlets and cultural events.SubjectsRespondents included 88 men and women of South Asian descent, aged 18–65 years, immigrant and native born, representing diversity of religion, socioeconomic status and region of origin, with the use of at least one culturally specific tobacco product in previous 24 months.ResultsA large number of culturally specific products were commonly used by community members. Knowledge of product-specific health risks was lacking or inaccurate. Many culturally specific tobacco products were considered to have beneficial properties. South Asian tobacco items were used to preserve cultural traditions and express ethnic identity in a new dominant culture. The social and cultural values ascribed to use helped distinguish community members from mainstream society and from other minority populations.ConclusionsMany cultural factors govern tobacco use among diverse global populations. Especially for migrants with a common regional origin, the role of ethnic identity may strongly influence culturally specific tobacco patterns. Qualitative inquiry helps elucidate such culturally framed behaviour in culturally diverse populations. These cultural contexts should be integrated into research and practice. Understanding multidimensional factors influencing non-traditional tobacco use is essential to ensure that comprehensive tobacco control strategies address tobacco-related disparities.
AbstractList	Objective To explore and understand key cultural contexts of tobacco use among South Asian communities in the USA. Design Focus groups, with homogeneous compositions of gender, generational status and length of time in the USA, were conducted in two distinct South Asian ethnic enclaves. Focus group findings were triangulated with observational data regarding the availability of culturally specific tobacco from commercial ethnic outlets and cultural events. Subjects Respondents included 88 men and women of South Asian descent, aged 18-65 years, immigrant and native born, representing diversity of religion, socioeconomic status and region of origin, with the use of at least one culturally specific tobacco product in previous 24 months. Results A large number of culturally specific products were commonly used by community members. Knowledge of product-specific health risks was lacking or inaccurate. Many culturally specific tobacco products were considered to have beneficial properties. South Asian tobacco items were used to preserve cultural traditions and express ethnic identity in a new dominant culture. The social and cultural values ascribed to use helped distinguish community members from mainstream society and from other minority populations. Conclusions Many cultural factors govern tobacco use among diverse global populations. Especially for migrants with a common regional origin, the role of ethnic identity may strongly influence culturally specific tobacco patterns. Qualitative inquiry helps elucidate such culturally framed behaviour in culturally diverse populations. These cultural contexts should be integrated into research and practice. Understanding multidimensional factors influencing non-traditional tobacco use is essential to ensure that comprehensive tobacco control strategies address tobacco-related disparities. To explore and understand key cultural contexts of tobacco use among South Asian communities in the USA. Focus groups, with homogeneous compositions of gender, generational status and length of time in the USA, were conducted in two distinct South Asian ethnic enclaves. Focus group findings were triangulated with observational data regarding the availability of culturally specific tobacco from commercial ethnic outlets and cultural events. Respondents included 88 men and women of South Asian descent, aged 18-65 years, immigrant and native born, representing diversity of religion, socioeconomic status and region of origin, with the use of at least one culturally specific tobacco product in previous 24 months. A large number of culturally specific products were commonly used by community members. Knowledge of product-specific health risks was lacking or inaccurate. Many culturally specific tobacco products were considered to have beneficial properties. South Asian tobacco items were used to preserve cultural traditions and express ethnic identity in a new dominant culture. The social and cultural values ascribed to use helped distinguish community members from mainstream society and from other minority populations. Many cultural factors govern tobacco use among diverse global populations. Especially for migrants with a common regional origin, the role of ethnic identity may strongly influence culturally specific tobacco patterns. Qualitative inquiry helps elucidate such culturally framed behaviour in culturally diverse populations. These cultural contexts should be integrated into research and practice. Understanding multidimensional factors influencing non-traditional tobacco use is essential to ensure that comprehensive tobacco control strategies address tobacco-related disparities. ObjectiveTo explore and understand key cultural contexts of tobacco use among South Asian communities in the USA.DesignFocus groups, with homogeneous compositions of gender, generational status and length of time in the USA, were conducted in two distinct South Asian ethnic enclaves. Focus group findings were triangulated with observational data regarding the availability of culturally specific tobacco from commercial ethnic outlets and cultural events.SubjectsRespondents included 88 men and women of South Asian descent, aged 18–65 years, immigrant and native born, representing diversity of religion, socioeconomic status and region of origin, with the use of at least one culturally specific tobacco product in previous 24 months.ResultsA large number of culturally specific products were commonly used by community members. Knowledge of product-specific health risks was lacking or inaccurate. Many culturally specific tobacco products were considered to have beneficial properties. South Asian tobacco items were used to preserve cultural traditions and express ethnic identity in a new dominant culture. The social and cultural values ascribed to use helped distinguish community members from mainstream society and from other minority populations.ConclusionsMany cultural factors govern tobacco use among diverse global populations. Especially for migrants with a common regional origin, the role of ethnic identity may strongly influence culturally specific tobacco patterns. Qualitative inquiry helps elucidate such culturally framed behaviour in culturally diverse populations. These cultural contexts should be integrated into research and practice. Understanding multidimensional factors influencing non-traditional tobacco use is essential to ensure that comprehensive tobacco control strategies address tobacco-related disparities. To explore and understand key cultural contexts of tobacco use among South Asian communities in the USA.OBJECTIVETo explore and understand key cultural contexts of tobacco use among South Asian communities in the USA.Focus groups, with homogeneous compositions of gender, generational status and length of time in the USA, were conducted in two distinct South Asian ethnic enclaves. Focus group findings were triangulated with observational data regarding the availability of culturally specific tobacco from commercial ethnic outlets and cultural events.DESIGNFocus groups, with homogeneous compositions of gender, generational status and length of time in the USA, were conducted in two distinct South Asian ethnic enclaves. Focus group findings were triangulated with observational data regarding the availability of culturally specific tobacco from commercial ethnic outlets and cultural events.Respondents included 88 men and women of South Asian descent, aged 18-65 years, immigrant and native born, representing diversity of religion, socioeconomic status and region of origin, with the use of at least one culturally specific tobacco product in previous 24 months.SUBJECTSRespondents included 88 men and women of South Asian descent, aged 18-65 years, immigrant and native born, representing diversity of religion, socioeconomic status and region of origin, with the use of at least one culturally specific tobacco product in previous 24 months.A large number of culturally specific products were commonly used by community members. Knowledge of product-specific health risks was lacking or inaccurate. Many culturally specific tobacco products were considered to have beneficial properties. South Asian tobacco items were used to preserve cultural traditions and express ethnic identity in a new dominant culture. The social and cultural values ascribed to use helped distinguish community members from mainstream society and from other minority populations.RESULTSA large number of culturally specific products were commonly used by community members. Knowledge of product-specific health risks was lacking or inaccurate. Many culturally specific tobacco products were considered to have beneficial properties. South Asian tobacco items were used to preserve cultural traditions and express ethnic identity in a new dominant culture. The social and cultural values ascribed to use helped distinguish community members from mainstream society and from other minority populations.Many cultural factors govern tobacco use among diverse global populations. Especially for migrants with a common regional origin, the role of ethnic identity may strongly influence culturally specific tobacco patterns. Qualitative inquiry helps elucidate such culturally framed behaviour in culturally diverse populations. These cultural contexts should be integrated into research and practice. Understanding multidimensional factors influencing non-traditional tobacco use is essential to ensure that comprehensive tobacco control strategies address tobacco-related disparities.CONCLUSIONSMany cultural factors govern tobacco use among diverse global populations. Especially for migrants with a common regional origin, the role of ethnic identity may strongly influence culturally specific tobacco patterns. Qualitative inquiry helps elucidate such culturally framed behaviour in culturally diverse populations. These cultural contexts should be integrated into research and practice. Understanding multidimensional factors influencing non-traditional tobacco use is essential to ensure that comprehensive tobacco control strategies address tobacco-related disparities.
Author	Morgan, Patricia A Mukherjea, Arnab Ivey, Susan L Snowden, Lonnie R Ling, Pamela M
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Arnab surname: Mukherjea fullname: Mukherjea, Arnab email: arnab.mukherjea@ucsf.edu organization: Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Patricia A surname: Morgan fullname: Morgan, Patricia A email: arnab.mukherjea@ucsf.edu organization: School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Lonnie R surname: Snowden fullname: Snowden, Lonnie R email: arnab.mukherjea@ucsf.edu organization: School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Pamela M surname: Ling fullname: Ling, Pamela M email: arnab.mukherjea@ucsf.edu organization: Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Susan L surname: Ivey fullname: Ivey, Susan L email: arnab.mukherjea@ucsf.edu organization: School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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Snippet	ObjectiveTo explore and understand key cultural contexts of tobacco use among South Asian communities in the USA.DesignFocus groups, with homogeneous... Objective To explore and understand key cultural contexts of tobacco use among South Asian communities in the USA. Design Focus groups, with homogeneous... To explore and understand key cultural contexts of tobacco use among South Asian communities in the USA. Focus groups, with homogeneous compositions of gender,... To explore and understand key cultural contexts of tobacco use among South Asian communities in the USA.OBJECTIVETo explore and understand key cultural...
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SubjectTerms	Adolescent Adult Aged Asia, Western - ethnology Asian people Asians Behavior Cardiovascular disease Community Cross-Cultural Comparison Cultural identity Cultural values Data analysis Demography Ethnic identity Female Focus Groups Gender Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Health risks Health Status Disparities Hookahs Humans Influence Male Middle Aged Migration Minority & ethnic groups Noncitizens Nuts Paan Population Qualitative study Researchers smokeless tobacco products Smoking - ethnology Social Class Social Values Socioeconomics South Asian culture Studies Surveillance Tobacco Tobacco products Tobacco use Tobacco, Smokeless Traditions Transients and Migrants - psychology United States - epidemiology Young Adult
Title	Social and cultural influences on tobacco-related health disparities among South Asians in the USA
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