Global, regional and national burden of traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

ObjectivesTo evaluate the most up-to-date burden of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) and analyse their leading causes in different countries/territories.DesignAn analysis of Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data.SettingThe epidemiological data were gathered from GBD Results To...

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Vydáno v:BMJ open Ročník 13; číslo 10; s. e075049
Hlavní autoři: Guan, Bin, Anderson, David B, Chen, Lingxiao, Feng, Shiqing, Zhou, Hengxing
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: London British Medical Journal Publishing Group 06.10.2023
BMJ Publishing Group LTD
BMJ Publishing Group
Edice:Original research
Témata:
Age groups
Disability
Disease
Epidemiology
Estimates
Global health
Mortality
Motor vehicles
Neurology
orthopaedic & trauma surgery
Public health
Spinal cord injuries
Traumatic brain injury
Trends
Middle East
South Africa
North Africa
India
ISSN:2044-6055, 2044-6055
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Abstract ObjectivesTo evaluate the most up-to-date burden of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) and analyse their leading causes in different countries/territories.DesignAn analysis of Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data.SettingThe epidemiological data were gathered from GBD Results Tool (1 January, 1990─31 December 2019) covering 21 GBD regions and 204 countries/ territories.ParticipantsPatients with TBI/SCI.Main outcomes and measuresAbsolute numbers and age-standardised rates/estimates of incidence, prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) of TBI/SCI by location in 2019, with their percentage changes from 1990 to 2019. The leading causes (eg, falls) of TBI/SCI in 204 countries/territories.ResultsGlobally, in 2019, TBI had 27.16 million new cases, 48.99 million prevalent cases and 7.08 million YLDs. SCI had 0.91 million new cases, 20.64 million prevalent cases and 6.20 million YLDs. Global age-standardised incidence rates of TBI decreased significantly by −5.5% (95% uncertainty interval −8.9% to −3.0%) from 1990 to 2019, whereas SCI had no significant change (−6.1% (−17.3% to 1.5%)). Regionally, in 2019, Eastern Europe and High-income North America had the highest burden of TBI and SCI, respectively. Nationally, in 2019, Slovenia and Afghanistan had the highest age-standardised incidence rates of TBI and SCI, respectively. For TBI, falls were the leading cause in 74% (150/204) of countries/territories, followed by pedestrian road injuries (14%, 29/204), motor vehicle road injuries (5%, 11/204), and conflict and terrorism (2%, 4/204). For SCI, falls were the leading cause in 97% (198/204) of countries/territories, followed by conflict and terrorism (3%, 6/204).ConclusionsGlobal age-standardised incidence rates of TBI have decreased significantly since 1990, whereas SCI had no significant change. The leading causes of TBI/SCI globally were falls, but variations did exist between countries/territories. Policy-makers should continue to prioritise interventions to reduce falls, but priorities may vary between countries/territories.
AbstractList ObjectivesTo evaluate the most up-to-date burden of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) and analyse their leading causes in different countries/territories.DesignAn analysis of Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data.SettingThe epidemiological data were gathered from GBD Results Tool (1 January, 1990─31 December 2019) covering 21 GBD regions and 204 countries/ territories.ParticipantsPatients with TBI/SCI.Main outcomes and measuresAbsolute numbers and age-standardised rates/estimates of incidence, prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) of TBI/SCI by location in 2019, with their percentage changes from 1990 to 2019. The leading causes (eg, falls) of TBI/SCI in 204 countries/territories.ResultsGlobally, in 2019, TBI had 27.16 million new cases, 48.99 million prevalent cases and 7.08 million YLDs. SCI had 0.91 million new cases, 20.64 million prevalent cases and 6.20 million YLDs. Global age-standardised incidence rates of TBI decreased significantly by −5.5% (95% uncertainty interval −8.9% to −3.0%) from 1990 to 2019, whereas SCI had no significant change (−6.1% (−17.3% to 1.5%)). Regionally, in 2019, Eastern Europe and High-income North America had the highest burden of TBI and SCI, respectively. Nationally, in 2019, Slovenia and Afghanistan had the highest age-standardised incidence rates of TBI and SCI, respectively. For TBI, falls were the leading cause in 74% (150/204) of countries/territories, followed by pedestrian road injuries (14%, 29/204), motor vehicle road injuries (5%, 11/204), and conflict and terrorism (2%, 4/204). For SCI, falls were the leading cause in 97% (198/204) of countries/territories, followed by conflict and terrorism (3%, 6/204).ConclusionsGlobal age-standardised incidence rates of TBI have decreased significantly since 1990, whereas SCI had no significant change. The leading causes of TBI/SCI globally were falls, but variations did exist between countries/territories. Policy-makers should continue to prioritise interventions to reduce falls, but priorities may vary between countries/territories.
To evaluate the most up-to-date burden of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) and analyse their leading causes in different countries/territories.OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the most up-to-date burden of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) and analyse their leading causes in different countries/territories.An analysis of Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data.DESIGNAn analysis of Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data.The epidemiological data were gathered from GBD Results Tool (1 January, 1990─31 December 2019) covering 21 GBD regions and 204 countries/ territories.SETTINGThe epidemiological data were gathered from GBD Results Tool (1 January, 1990─31 December 2019) covering 21 GBD regions and 204 countries/ territories.Patients with TBI/SCI.PARTICIPANTSPatients with TBI/SCI.Absolute numbers and age-standardised rates/estimates of incidence, prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) of TBI/SCI by location in 2019, with their percentage changes from 1990 to 2019. The leading causes (eg, falls) of TBI/SCI in 204 countries/territories.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESAbsolute numbers and age-standardised rates/estimates of incidence, prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) of TBI/SCI by location in 2019, with their percentage changes from 1990 to 2019. The leading causes (eg, falls) of TBI/SCI in 204 countries/territories.Globally, in 2019, TBI had 27.16 million new cases, 48.99 million prevalent cases and 7.08 million YLDs. SCI had 0.91 million new cases, 20.64 million prevalent cases and 6.20 million YLDs. Global age-standardised incidence rates of TBI decreased significantly by -5.5% (95% uncertainty interval -8.9% to -3.0%) from 1990 to 2019, whereas SCI had no significant change (-6.1% (-17.3% to 1.5%)). Regionally, in 2019, Eastern Europe and High-income North America had the highest burden of TBI and SCI, respectively. Nationally, in 2019, Slovenia and Afghanistan had the highest age-standardised incidence rates of TBI and SCI, respectively. For TBI, falls were the leading cause in 74% (150/204) of countries/territories, followed by pedestrian road injuries (14%, 29/204), motor vehicle road injuries (5%, 11/204), and conflict and terrorism (2%, 4/204). For SCI, falls were the leading cause in 97% (198/204) of countries/territories, followed by conflict and terrorism (3%, 6/204).RESULTSGlobally, in 2019, TBI had 27.16 million new cases, 48.99 million prevalent cases and 7.08 million YLDs. SCI had 0.91 million new cases, 20.64 million prevalent cases and 6.20 million YLDs. Global age-standardised incidence rates of TBI decreased significantly by -5.5% (95% uncertainty interval -8.9% to -3.0%) from 1990 to 2019, whereas SCI had no significant change (-6.1% (-17.3% to 1.5%)). Regionally, in 2019, Eastern Europe and High-income North America had the highest burden of TBI and SCI, respectively. Nationally, in 2019, Slovenia and Afghanistan had the highest age-standardised incidence rates of TBI and SCI, respectively. For TBI, falls were the leading cause in 74% (150/204) of countries/territories, followed by pedestrian road injuries (14%, 29/204), motor vehicle road injuries (5%, 11/204), and conflict and terrorism (2%, 4/204). For SCI, falls were the leading cause in 97% (198/204) of countries/territories, followed by conflict and terrorism (3%, 6/204).Global age-standardised incidence rates of TBI have decreased significantly since 1990, whereas SCI had no significant change. The leading causes of TBI/SCI globally were falls, but variations did exist between countries/territories. Policy-makers should continue to prioritise interventions to reduce falls, but priorities may vary between countries/territories.CONCLUSIONSGlobal age-standardised incidence rates of TBI have decreased significantly since 1990, whereas SCI had no significant change. The leading causes of TBI/SCI globally were falls, but variations did exist between countries/territories. Policy-makers should continue to prioritise interventions to reduce falls, but priorities may vary between countries/territories.
Objectives To evaluate the most up-to-date burden of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) and analyse their leading causes in different countries/territories.Design An analysis of Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data.Setting The epidemiological data were gathered from GBD Results Tool (1 January, 1990─31 December 2019) covering 21 GBD regions and 204 countries/ territories.Participants Patients with TBI/SCI.Main outcomes and measures Absolute numbers and age-standardised rates/estimates of incidence, prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) of TBI/SCI by location in 2019, with their percentage changes from 1990 to 2019. The leading causes (eg, falls) of TBI/SCI in 204 countries/territories.Results Globally, in 2019, TBI had 27.16 million new cases, 48.99 million prevalent cases and 7.08 million YLDs. SCI had 0.91 million new cases, 20.64 million prevalent cases and 6.20 million YLDs. Global age-standardised incidence rates of TBI decreased significantly by −5.5% (95% uncertainty interval −8.9% to −3.0%) from 1990 to 2019, whereas SCI had no significant change (−6.1% (−17.3% to 1.5%)). Regionally, in 2019, Eastern Europe and High-income North America had the highest burden of TBI and SCI, respectively. Nationally, in 2019, Slovenia and Afghanistan had the highest age-standardised incidence rates of TBI and SCI, respectively. For TBI, falls were the leading cause in 74% (150/204) of countries/territories, followed by pedestrian road injuries (14%, 29/204), motor vehicle road injuries (5%, 11/204), and conflict and terrorism (2%, 4/204). For SCI, falls were the leading cause in 97% (198/204) of countries/territories, followed by conflict and terrorism (3%, 6/204).Conclusions Global age-standardised incidence rates of TBI have decreased significantly since 1990, whereas SCI had no significant change. The leading causes of TBI/SCI globally were falls, but variations did exist between countries/territories. Policy-makers should continue to prioritise interventions to reduce falls, but priorities may vary between countries/territories.
Author Chen, Lingxiao
Guan, Bin
Feng, Shiqing
Anderson, David B
Zhou, Hengxing
AuthorAffiliation 4 The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine , Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P.R. China
5 Center for Reproductive Medicine , Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P.R. China
3 Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, The Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health , University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
1 Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute , Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P.R. China
2 School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health , University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health , University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
– name: 1 Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute , Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P.R. China
– name: 3 Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, The Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health , University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
– name: 5 Center for Reproductive Medicine , Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P.R. China
– name: 4 The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine , Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P.R. China
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Bin
  surname: Guan
  fullname: Guan, Bin
  organization: Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
– sequence: 2
  givenname: David B
  surname: Anderson
  fullname: Anderson, David B
  organization: School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Lingxiao
  orcidid: 0000-0001-7721-0493
  surname: Chen
  fullname: Chen, Lingxiao
  email: lche4036@uni.sydney.edu.au
  organization: Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, The Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Shiqing
  surname: Feng
  fullname: Feng, Shiqing
  email: shiqingfeng@sdu.edu.cn
  organization: The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Hengxing
  orcidid: 0000-0003-0053-8970
  surname: Zhou
  fullname: Zhou, Hengxing
  email: zhouhengxing@sdu.edu.cn
  organization: Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
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Snippet ObjectivesTo evaluate the most up-to-date burden of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) and analyse their leading causes in different...
To evaluate the most up-to-date burden of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) and analyse their leading causes in different...
Objectives To evaluate the most up-to-date burden of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) and analyse their leading causes in different...
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SubjectTerms Age groups
Disability
Disease
Epidemiology
Estimates
Global health
Mortality
Motor vehicles
Neurology
orthopaedic & trauma surgery
Public health
Spinal cord injuries
Traumatic brain injury
Trends
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Title Global, regional and national burden of traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
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